Abstract: A process for fractionating an amine-containing mixture which comprises one or more amines, water, low-boilers and high-boilers, having the steps (i) to (iv):

Abstract: A process for fractionating an amine-containing mixture which comprises one or more amines, water, low-boilers and optionally high-boilers, having the steps (i) to (v):

Abstract: A transmission-drive unit for a seat adjustment or a servo steering has a transmission housing; a driven shaft extending outwardly beyond the transmission housing; a driven wheel non rotatably arranged on the driven shaft; a supporting element which directly at least partially surrounds the driven shaft so that the driven wheel is supported against the supporting element by axial force action from outside.

Abstract: In a process for purifying crude pyrrolidine to give a pyrrolidine composition comprising more than 99% (m/m) of pyrrolidine and less than 0.3% (m/m) of water, crude pyrrolidine comprising from 40 to 98% (m/m) of pyrrolidine and having a water content of more than 2% (m/m) is subjected to continuous distillation at a pressure at the top of less than 950 hPa in a column having a stripping section and a rectifying section.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with alkanols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in a homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperature and in the presence of an acid esterification catalyst, in which the (meth)acrylic acid, the alkanol and the acid catalyst are fed to a reaction zone, the water formed is removed by rectification during a residence time as constituent of a mixture comprising starting alkanol in a rectification unit (III) superposed on the reaction zone, the distillate obtained is separated into an organic phase comprising alkanol and an aqueous phase comprising water, the organic phase is essentially completely returned to the rectification unit (III), the reaction mixture is discharged from the reaction zone and conveyed into a distillative separation zone comprising further rectification units and in the latter the alkyl (meth)acrylate formed is separated off.

Abstract: In the process for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with monohydric alkanols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the presence of an acid esterification catalyst in a reaction zone, there is discharged from the reaction zone a product mixture which comprises the alkyl (meth)acrylate formed, the catalyst and the by-products formed during the course of the esterification having boiling points higher than that of the alkyl (meth)acrylate, and from which the alkyl (meth)acrylate is separated by distillation in a separation zone. The product mixture discharged from the reaction zone is fed to a rectification unit (I), in this unit the product mixture discharged is separated by rectification into at least one product (I) comprising the alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid and a product (II) comprising the catalyst, the product (I) is fed to a further rectification unit (II) and in this the alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid is separated off by rectification.

Abstract: A machine for kneading dough includes a rotating, driven tub with a flat bottom and a cylindrical tub wall and two kneading tools which engage the tub eccentrically from above and which are rotated in opposite directions, synchronously about axes that are parallel to the axis of the tub and lie in a common plane with the axis. The kneading tools consist of two hoops which have two longitudinal legs which are disposed symmetrically to their axes of rotation, in each case are connected at their ends facing the bottom of the tub by a cross leg, are fastened at their upper ends at a supporting hub and pass through cylindrical working areas which overlap one another regionally, the longitudinal legs being twisted helically relative to the direction of rotation of the hoop formed thereby. The angles of rotation of the cross legs of the hoops are mutually offset.

Abstract: N-Vinylformamide is purified by fractional distillation in the presence of formamide in a column under from 0.5 to 30 mbar by a method in which the distillation is controlled so that N-vinylformamide containing from 0.1 to 15% by weight of formamide is obtained as the distillate. Homopolymers having particularly high molecular weights can be prepared from the N-vinylformamide purified in this manner.

Abstract: A maritime structure such as a ship, and in particular a warship, has a plurality of vertically spaced decks which bear foundation seatings, hatches and/or assembly openings; in the plane of each deck, longitudinal parallel support elements, and lateral support elements are arranged in the form of a unit grid, which has longitudinal and transverse grid lines forming a matrix of grid units. The longitudinal grid lines, as well as the transverse grid lines are located at predetermined uniform spacing, the spacing of the lateral grid lines being perferably twice the spacing of longitudinal grid lines. The load bearing longitudinal and transverse beams and girders of base support units and the functional units, pallets, support frames, modules, deck houses, etc., as well as the hatches, assembly openings and access openings are incorporated into the unit grid; in other words, said girders and beams are disposed to coincide with said longitudinal and transverse grid lines.

Abstract: A piping system in a maritime structure, such as a ship, is subdivided into individual piping units at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal and/or lateral direction along lateral or longitudinal dividing planes. The piping units are disposed and supported on removable pallets mounted on a surface in the interior of the ship, e.g., on a selected deck, or bottom deck of the ship. The open ends of corresponding mating pipes of adjacent piping units are arranged at the dividing planes. The corresponding pipes of one piping unit and corresponding mating pipes of adjacent piping units are connected in a fluid-tight manner by means of removable pipe connectors. The dividing planes may advantageously be made to coincide with a grid having lines which are drawn to divide a deck length and width uniformly. The piping units may be standardized and prefabricated.

Abstract: A metal strip stretching mill comprising a stretching station and, oppositely adjacent thereto, a group of pulling rolls and a group of braking rolls with adjustably speed-controlled drives on the rolls in the immediate vicinity of the stretching station and torque-controlled drives of stepped-up or stepped-down power on all other rolls, and a disconnectable clutch at the roll trunnion of at least one torque-controlled roll in the middle of each roll group, for a downward expansion of the usable power range of the installation through selective disconnection and idling of said rolls.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle, especially a passenger motor vehicle, with front body sections yielding with respect to forces of a magnitude of a pedestrian impact acting from the front and/or from above the body sections. The body sections are constructed so as to be impact-resilient along their boundary edges. The vehicle body sections include a front hood and/or body portions surrounding the front hood, with the hood and surrounding body parts being supported on reinforcing parts of the vehicle body structure by way of permanently deformable deformation members.

Abstract: Heretofore, the tube neck, the seal edge extending along the largest circumference of the funnel section, and reference pads located at or near the seal edge have been aligned relative to each other. It is proposed to align the seal edge, the reference pads, and the tube neck in relation to the longitudinal axis of a "transition section" (portion between neck-funnel seal and position of deflection on the funnel yoke) in such a way that the axis perpendicular to the plane bounded by the seal edge and the reference pads, the longitudinal axis of the neck coincide with the longitudinal axis of the "transition section".

Abstract: A biaxial web stretching machine has diverging tong conveying screws and the screws are provided with double or triple threads to provide relatively high speed tong movement with a relatively low speed of screw rotation.