Abstract: A chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) system including a capacitive deionization module (CDM) for removing ions from a solution and a method for using the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a planarization unit for planarizing a wafer; a cleaning unit for cleaning the wafer; a wafer transportation unit for transporting the wafer between the planarization unit and the cleaning unit; and a capacitive deionization module for removing ions from a solution used in at least one of the planarization unit or the cleaning unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for network access for consumers in both wired and wireless environments. Multiple-interface/multiple-connections are used to support high-speed handoff and seamless roaming between different networks (wired and wireless). The present invention is implemented by using multiple interfaces and connections to interface a mobile PC unit, providing additional functions, and enhancing current PC device drivers and software.

Abstract: Integration of the cellular network with an IP based network is disclosed. An integrated IP/cellular network can route packetized voice and data together in a more efficient manner. The present invention integrates IP based standards for a cellular IP solution with cellular centric vs. IP message gateway as the demarcation point. However, the present invention also provides support for cellular unique features for better performance. Multiple architectures are proposed to ease migration to a combined network as well as to show the various levels of support provided.

Abstract: A composition suitable for an air barrier such as an automotive tire innertube, innerliner, and aircraft tire innertube or innerliner, curing bladders, and other pneumatic devices is disclosed. The composition comprises an elastomer, a processing oil, and a grafted resin component.

Abstract: Multiple layer structures incorporating at least one polymeric film layer and at least one nonwoven fabric layer and products produced from such structures are provided. The polymeric film layer includes at least one tackifier resin. The at least one tackifier resin may be selected from a variety of resins including synthetic and natural resins. In certain embodiments, the at least one tackifier resin may be present at a concentration of about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of the polymeric layer. The polymeric film layer may include one or more polymeric components selected from a variety of polymeric materials. Exemplary polymeric materials include polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate although as discussed hereinafter, a wide range of polymeric joined with a nonwoven fabric. The multiple layer structures may include additional layers made from a variety of materials. The structures exhibit beneficial peel strength properties between the polymeric layer and the nonwoven fabric layer.

Abstract: A network of switches having a first switch having a first memory interface and a first expansion port. The network also has an expansion bus having a first expansion bus interface and a second expansion bus interface. The first expansion bus interface is connected to the first expansion port. A second switch has a second memory interface and a second expansion port. The second expansion port is connected to the second expansion bus interface, thereby connecting the first switch to the second switch, wherein the expansion bus allows the first switch to directly access the second memory interface through the second switch and the second switch to directly access the first memory interface through the first switch.

Abstract: A composition suitable for an air barrier such as an automotive tire innertube, innerliner, and aircraft tire innertube or innerliner, curing bladders, and other pneumatic devices is disclosed. The composition comprises an elastomer, a processing oil, and a grafted resin component.

Abstract: The invention describes method and apparatus for reducing intermodulation interference caused by reception of undesired signals in wireless receivers. The apparatus comprises an antenna for receiving the desired signal, a low noise amplifier for amplifying this signal, an adjustable attenuator, and a transmitting antenna to transmit the amplified signal to the wireless receiver. By increasing the strength of the desired signal, the present invention eliminates intermodulation distortion caused by the undesirable signals. The invention also describes an apparatus further comprising an adjustable filter for limiting the spectral content of the transmitted amplified signal, and an apparatus for selecting the characteristics of the adjustable filter in accordance with the measured characteristics of the desired and undesired signals.

Abstract: A network of switches having a first switch having a first memory interface and a first expansion port. The network also has an expansion bus having a first expansion bus interface and a second expansion bus interface. The first expansion bus interface is connected to the first expansion port. A second switch has a second memory interface and a second expansion port. The second expansion port is connected to the second expansion bus interface, thereby connecting the first switch to the second switch, wherein the expansion bus allows the first switch to directly access the second memory interface through the second switch and the second switch to directly access the first memory interface through the first switch.

Abstract: A cellular telephone system is described of the type wherein a plurality of contiguous cells, each having an assigned set of identification codes, are arranged with means for maintaining continuous communication with mobile telephones moving from cell to cell. The system allows multiple access by including means for assigning at least one of the in the assigned set of identification codes to more than one mobile telephone. A unique identification code is assigned to a mobile telephone located in the cell. A signal having a unique identification code is generated for identifying the mobile telephone. The signal is coupled to the zones. A combiner is also provided for combining signals from all of the zones in the cell. A receiver is coupled to the combiner for retrieving the signals having the code.

Abstract: A computer-implemented modeling tool for cellular telephone systems predicts signal strength under real conditions within a building, by considering the effects of inter-building and intra-building structures on transmitted signals. The modeling tool gives more accurate predictions under line of sight conditions, when obstructions occur due to inter-building and intra-building structures.

Abstract: A cellular telephone system is described of the type wherein a plurality of contiguous cells, each having an assigned set of identification codes, are arranged with means for maintaining continuous communication with mobile telephones moving from cell to cell. The system allows multiple access by including means for assigning at least one of the in the assigned set of identification codes to more than one mobile telephone. A unique identification code is assigned to a mobile telephone located in the cell. A signal having a unique identification code is generated for identifying the mobile telephone. The signal is coupled to the zones. A combiner is also provided for combining signals from all of the zones in the cell. A receiver is coupled to the combiner for retrieving the signals having the code.

Abstract: A computer-implemented modeling tool for cellular telephone systems predicts signal strength under real conditions within a building, by considering the effects of inter-building and intra-building structures on transmitted signals. The modeling tool gives more accurate predictions under line of sight conditions, when obstructions occur due to inter-building and intra-building structures.

Abstract: A computer-implemented modeling tool for cellular telephone systems predicts signal strength under real conditions by considering the effects of terrain and man-made structures on transmitted signals. The modeling tool gives more accurate predictions under line of sight conditions, when obstructions occur due to terrain contours, and when mobile or transmitter antennas are blocked by buildings or other structures.

Abstract: A cellular telephone system is described of the type wherein a plurality of contiguous cells, each having an assigned set of identification codes, are arranged with means for maintaining continuous communication with mobile telephones moving from cell to cell. The system allows multiple access by including means for assigning at least one of the in the assigned set of identification codes to more than one mobile telephone. A unique identification code is assigned to a mobile telephone located in the cell. A signal having a unique identification code is generated for identifying the mobile telephone. The signal is coupled to the zones. A combiner is also provided for combining signals from all of the zones in the cell. A receiver is coupled to the combiner for retrieving the signals having the code.

Abstract: The invention describes method and apparatus for reducing intermodulation interference caused by reception of undesired signals in wireless receivers. The apparatus comprises an antenna for receiving the desired signal, a low noise amplifier for amplifying this signal, an adjustable attenuator, and a transmitting antenna to transmit the amplified signal to the wireless receiver. By increasing the strength of the desired signal, the present invention eliminates intermodulation distortion caused by the undesirable signals. The invention also describes an apparatus further comprising an adjustable filter for limiting the spectral content of the transmitted amplified signal, and an apparatus for selecting the characteristics of the adjustable filter in accordance with the measured characteristics of the desired and undesired signals.

Abstract: A mobile radio telephone communication systems provides for rapid system access and registration of mobile phones when the mobile phone operates in an area outside of its home service area. A preferred mobile phone system for a mobile phone is identified before the mobile phone originates a call by determining a location for the mobile phone and selecting the preferred system from a database stored in the mobile phone using the determined location.

Abstract: An integrated radio frequency communication system, known as a Location-Ruled Radio-Integrated Network (LORRAINE) system, provides integrated voice, data and location services. The radio frequency communications system combines time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques with optional time division duplexing (TDD) or frequency division duplexing (FDD) techniques to provide a plurality of time slot channels for these services. Spread spectrum techniques help reduce noise and interference in the system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hub and remote cellular system having RF generating equipment located at a centralized hub, and RF front end equipment located at each of a plurality of remote omni-directional cell sites. The centralized hub distributes channels for the remote cell sites. The hub and remote structure provides for the efficient allocation of resources to a plurality of cell sites, lowers equipment costs, real estate costs, regulatory costs, and maintenance costs.

Abstract: A disposable absorbent article comprises an absorbent panel and a backing web secured to the panel. A preferred form of the web comprises an apertured film. The web may also include other components on the apertured film, including adhesive. The apertured film is preferably produced from a solid precursor film. The precursor film comprises a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer polymerized using a single-site metallocene-type polymerization catalyst. The apertured film is formed from the precursor film so that the apertured film has localized deformations and apertures therein. The apertured film exhibits breathability, strength, and flexibility with an elasticity accommodating stretch or elongation and at least partial recovery.