Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for fluidizing particulates in a fluid/particulate mixture. A nozzle can include a gas entry segment, a gas exit segment, and an access segment. The gas exit segment can be coupled to the gas entry segment, and a longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment can be oriented at an angle of between about 70° and about 110° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment. The access segment can be coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, and a longitudinal axis of the access segment can be substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment.

Abstract: An image forming system is described that includes a light source that provides a light beam and an anamorphic refractive optical element. A first outer surface of the anamorphic element faces the light source and includes a toric surface. The light beam is incident upon the first outer face and then an incident surface of the anamorphic element. The anamorphic element directs the light beam to an image forming device. An illumination system is also described where an anamorphic element includes a toric surface and a facet surface.

Abstract: A pressure cyclone is disclosed having a concave top head, wherein the concave top head has a substantially flat roof disposed in the interior of the cyclone vessel. An inlet is tangentially-coupled to the vessel and has an inlet nozzle disposed therein and configured to smoothly transition into the cyclone vessel to create a vortex that separates solid particulates from an incoming particulate-fluid suspension. In particular, the one surface of the inlet nozzle is tangent to the inner surface of cyclone vessel and another surface of the inlet nozzle is parallel and continuous with the substantially flat roof. An inlet casing is disposed around a length of the inlet nozzle and configured to transition from a circular casing to an elliptical casing along the length of the inlet nozzle, and couple to the vessel with the elliptical casing.

Abstract: An image forming system is described that includes a light source that provides a light beam and an anamorphic refractive optical element. A first outer surface of the anamorphic element faces the light source and includes a toric surface. The light beam is incident upon the first outer face and then an incident surface of the anamorphic element. The anamorphic element directs the light beam to an image forming device. An illumination system is also described where an anamorphic element includes a toric surface and a facet surface.

Abstract: A light engine has a light source front surface that emits non-collimated light. A collection lens collects the non-collimated light and provides incompletely collimated light. A collimating lens receives the incompletely collimated light and provides a collimated image. A non-orthogonal polarizing filter receives the collimated image and passes a polarized portion of the collimated image as a direct component of the polarized light engine image. The non-orthogonal polarizing filter reflects a recycled image back to the front surface. The non-orthogonal shape of the polarizing filter is selected according to the pattern of light on the light source front surface.

Abstract: A projection subsystem includes a light engine that provides a collection lens, a collimator and at least one solid state light emitter. A projection lens assembly receives the image and provides a projection beam having a luminous flux level. The projection subsystem has a portability efficacy.

Abstract: A pressure cyclone is disclosed having a concave top head, wherein the concave top head has a substantially flat roof disposed in the interior of the cyclone vessel. An inlet is tangentially-coupled to the vessel and has an inlet nozzle disposed therein and configured to smoothly transition into the cyclone vessel to create a vortex that separates solid particulates from an incoming particulate-fluid suspension. In particular, the one surface of the inlet nozzle is tangent to the inner surface of cyclone vessel and another surface of the inlet nozzle is parallel and continuous with the substantially flat roof. An inlet casing is disposed around a length of the inlet nozzle and configured to transition from a circular casing to an elliptical casing along the length of the inlet nozzle, and couple to the vessel with the elliptical casing.

Abstract: A light engine has a light source front surface that emits non-collimated light. A collection lens collects the non-collimated light and provides incompletely collimated light. A collimating lens receives the incompletely collimated light and provides a collimated image. A non-orthogonal polarizing filter receives the collimated image and passes a polarized portion of the collimated image as a direct component of the polarized light engine image. The non-orthogonal polarizing filter reflects a recycled image back to the front surface. The non-orthogonal shape of the polarizing filter is selected according to the pattern of light on the light source front surface.

Abstract: A projection subsystem includes a light engine that provides a collection lens, a collimator and at least one solid state light emitter. A projection lens assembly receives the image and provides a projection beam having a luminous flux level. The projection subsystem has a portability efficacy.

Abstract: A light source module is disclosed. The light source module includes an emitter having a light emitting surface, a solid integrating optic aligned to accept light emitted from the emitter at an entrance face and deliver light to an exit face, and a lens aligned to receive light from the exit face. The lens has a substantially hemispherical portion having a radius of curvature and the exit face of the solid integrating optic has an exit face diagonal. The ratio of the radius of curvature to the exit face diagonal is greater than 0.7. The solid integrating optic and the lens each have an index of refraction, and the ratio of the lens index of refraction to the solid integrating optic index of refraction is greater than unity.

Abstract: A projection subsystem includes a light engine that provides a collection lens, a collimator and at least one solid state light emitter. A projection lens assembly receives the image and provides a projection beam having a luminous flux level. The projection subsystem has a portability efficacy.

Abstract: A light source module is provided comprising an emitter having at least one light emitting surface and an at least partially hollow integrating optic mounted over the emitting surface; where the index of refraction within the hollowed area is less then the index of the subsequent medium along the optical path. The integrating optic has a proximal end facing the emitting surface and a distal end facing away from the emitting surface. The distal end of the integrating optic is flat and has a rectangular aspect ratio which can differ from the aspect ratio of the emitter. One or more optical films and/or an optical component such as a collection lens can be adhered to the distal end of the integrating optic.

Abstract: An image forming system is described that includes a light source that provides a light beam and an anamorphic refractive optical element. A first outer surface of the anamorphic element faces the light source and includes a toric surface. The light beam is incident upon the first outer face and then an incident surface of the anamorphic element. The anamorphic element directs the light beam to an image forming device. An illumination system is also described where an anamorphic element includes a toric surface and a facet surface.

Abstract: A light engine has a light source front surface that emits non-collimated light. A collection lens collects the non-collimated light and provides incompletely collimated light. A collimating lens receives the incompletely collimated light and provides a collimated image. A non-orthogonal polarizing filter receives the collimated image and passes a polarized portion of the collimated image as a direct component of the polarized light engine image. The non-orthogonal polarizing filter reflects a recycled image back to the front surface. The non-orthogonal shape of the polarizing filter is selected according to the pattern of light on the light source front surface.

Abstract: A polarizing beam splitter that includes at least one prism, and a reflective polarizing film. The prism comprises a first polymeric material, and has at least one curved outer surface and an incident surface, where the reflective polarizing film is disposed adjacent the incident surface.

Abstract: A polarizing beam splitter is disclosed that includes a first prism, a second prism, and a reflective polarizing film disposed between the first prism and the second prism. The first prism comprises a first polymeric material, and has a first outer curved surface and an additional outer surface. The second prism comprises a second polymeric material, which in some embodiments may be the same as the first polymeric material, and has a second outer curved surface.

Abstract: A rupturable closure for use with a flexible container that is especially suited for pouring viscous fluids such as motor oil. The closure is secured to the pouring spout or other dispensing opening of the container and retains the viscous fluid in the container as the container is brought into inverted position for pouring. Notwithstanding the ability of the closure to hold in the viscous fluid, the closure also allows the closure to breathe when the cap is removed so as to relieve small variations in pressure as the flexible container is first grasped for pouring and thereby prevent premature rupture of the closure before or as the container is inverted for pouring. Such a closure includes a membrane secured over the dispensing opening of the container. The membrane has a small primary vent orifice in the region over the dispensing opening that is sized to permit the membrane to breathe.

Abstract: A thermal transition section for introducing a high temperature cracked process gas into a quench exchanger having an inlet end comprising inner and outer concentric pipes connected to a closure ring to define an annulus between the pipes and an interior exchanger surface having an inside diameter. The transition section has a metal outer wall extending from a downstream end connected to the closure ring to an upstream end connected to a metal transition cone. The transition cone is connected at an upstream end to a line for supplying the process gas. The downstream end of the inner sleeve has an outside diameter matching the inside diameter of the interior exchanger surface. A precast, pre-fired single-piece ceramic insert substantially fills the annulus between the outer wall and inner sleeve. By using the ceramic insert, particularly a relatively long insert, thermal stresses are reduced and coke formation in the annulus is inhibited.

Abstract: In an acoustic well logging apparatus including one or two transmitters and having a pair of spaced apart receivers, two interval transit times are measured independently through a common zone of interest. The two independent measured values are then compared and the difference is then used in contrast with a threshold determinant based on the period of the transmitted pulses. This comparison shows a difference. If the threshold value is not exceeded by the difference value a quality indication is then obtained suggesting that the acoustic measurements did not suffer from cycle skipping. If the threshold value is exceeded by the difference value, then a possible cycle skip exists. If testing shows that a cycle skip does exist, then the error that it introduces is removed from the final log, and a quality indication is obtained suggesting that the answer is good and that a cycle skip error has been removed.

Abstract: A bed/shelter unit comprising a lightweight air mattress and a lightweight tent on the mattress adapted to be erected as a shelter over the mattress and to be collapsed on the mattress, the mattress, when deflated, and the tent, when collapsed on the mattress, being adapted to be compactly packed as by rolling them up into a lightweight bundle. The tent comprises a panel of lightweight flexible tent material adapted to arch over the inflated mattress from one side thereof to the other, the panel having inflatable arches at its ends adapted when inflated to extend over the mattress from one side to the other. End closures at the ends of the tent hold the arches in an erected position with the panel drawn between the arches and thereby arched over the mattress.