Abstract: Improvements are described in the injection of ammonia (NH.sub.3) into the exhaust gases of an engine to reduce nitrogen oxides. Instead of merely injecting ammonia into the exhaust gas conduit through a hole in its side, an ammonia injector (90) is provided that projects considerably into the exhaust conduit (16), with the injector having a plurality of holes (94). The ammonia is activated to decompose it into its reactive components, including NH.sub.2 and NH prior to injecting it into the exhaust conduit. Such activation prior to injection can be accomplished by heating the ammonia in the presence of a catalyst such as a metal of the platinum group, iron, nickel, or zinc. In an engine that has a fuel injection system wherein electrical pulses are delivered to fuel injectors to control the fuel flow rate, the durations of these electrical signals are used to control the opening of a valve (72) that controls the flow rate of ammonia into the exhaust gas conduit.

Abstract: An anchoring device for use on the shaft of a beach umbrella or the like, including a conical member that tapers to a rounded point and around which is spirally wound a constant pitch asymmetric buttress-type thread whose upper surface is perpendicular to the long axis of the conical member.

Abstract: An interlocking hanging system including a mounting bracket which may be secured to a supporting structure, a support panel which attaches to and hangs from the mounting bracket, and one or more article holders, such as hooks or trays, which attach to and hang from the support panel. The support panel attaches to the mounting bracket, as do the article holders to the support panel, by upwardly extending arcuate hooks which pivotally corkscrew into and mate with horizontal channel structures, each with an inwardly extending lip, on the mounting bracket and support panel, respectively. The mounting bracket, support panel, and article holders are horizontal extrusions, allowing the article holders and support panel to be adjustably positioned horizontally within the support panel and mounting bracket, respectively.

Abstract: A food-slicing guide device for guiding a knife in slicing portions of food comprises a platform and a bail. A pair of opposing slots spaced along the lateral edges of the platform are adapted to align the bail either perpendicularly to the platform while using the device as a food-slicing guide, or longitudinally with the platform when storing or transporting the device. The slots are adapted to permit either side or either end of the platform to be used for slicing purposes, thereby permitting the abrasion caused by contact between a slicing utensil and the platform to be distributed at various times at different areas, thus reducing the abrasion effects and extending the useful life of the device. The bail is constructed of resilient material and the interacting corners of the slots are eased whereby the bail readily snaps into slicing position. For storage, the bail pivotally rotates to a resting position in a pair of V-shaped grooves along the edges of the platform.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for measuring the vibration amplitude of an electromagnetic vibratory motor is disclosed in which the current induced in the coils of the motor is sensed and differentiated and applied to dividing means where it is divided by the sensed induced voltage induced in the coils to produce a signal proportional to the instantaneous reluctance of the coils of the vibratory motor. The instantaneous reluctance signal is filtered to remove the line frequency harmonic therein, and this filtered signal is peak detected to produce the vibration amplitude signal. Means are also provided to eliminate the problem associated with the dividing means if the sensed induced voltage approaches zero.

Abstract: Data stored in an electronic memory is accessed by search electronics which permit identification and access to a selected memory location in response to a serial search character input. As each search character is input to the system, a search is made through the memory file to determine whether one or more stored data words within the memory include, at any location within the data word, a series of characters in the exact sequence of the previously input search characters. If plural stored data words include the search character sequence, the search character input process is continued until only one storage location within the memory includes the exact character sequence which has been input. The matching data word from memory is then accessed.

Abstract: A tracking filter for tracking the frequency component of highest intensity of an input signal is disclosed in a hand held FM radar device. The tracking filter includes circuitry for providing a high pass signal, a bandpass signal and a low pass signal, all of which are representative of the frequency components of the input signal. An error signal generating circuit utilizes the high pass and low pass signals to control the characteristic frequency associated with the high pass, low pass and bandpass signals. The radar device further includes circuitry for displaying a distance output on an LED display and circuitry for providing an audio signal indicative of target distance.

Abstract: A solar heat collecting device is provided which is modular in design and easily removable from its location adjacent the roof or wall of a structure, into the interior thereof for maintainance without disturbing the exterior surface of the roof or wall and thereby eliminates many of the difficulties associated with removal and maintainance of prior art collectors which are only removable from the exterior of the structure. The present invention reduces the possibility of leakage in the roof or wall where normal solar collectors would be secured and removed.

Abstract: A hand held, short range FM radar device is provided employing a unique tracking circuit and a predistortion circuit to linearize the sweep function to a Gunn oscillator which produces the rf signal. A parabolic generator comprising a linear operational amplifier and passive elements connected thereto is used to shape the saw tooth sweep signal to the Gunn oscillator.The output is directly read out on an LED display; an audio signal is also produced whose frequency is a function of target distance.

Abstract: Container closure spout construction, e.g. for incorporation in a metal drum container, including a container wall portion having a spout aperture, and a closure spout member having a peripheral substantially transversely extending flange portion and, preferably integral therewith, an intermediate substantially axially extending tubular, e.g. internally threaded central hollow cylindrical, portion defining a closure spout opening within the flange portion and adapted to receive removably a cooperating closure element such as a plug or cap thereat, in which the spout member is disposed at the spout aperture in engagement with the adjacent marginal portion of the container wall portion thereat, and a high energy concentration beam, e.g. laser beam, produced weld seam, preferably continuously, interconnects the spout member with the container wall portion along such adjacent marginal portion;the weld seam preferably being provided by subjecting the site of interconnection of the component, e.g.

Abstract: A control for a batch bin and a continuous loss bin system having a separate weight measuring device for each bin whose sum at transfer is used to establish continuously digitally desired weights at fixed intervals to be compared with the actual weight in the continuous loss bin to provide an error signal for a continuous feeder.