Abstract: The application is directed towards systems and methods for aluminum purification. A system, comprising: a cell defining a chamber having upper portion and lower portion; the lower portion including a cathode molten material collection area; an anode structure disposed in the upper portion vertically aligned above the lower portion; a cathode structure disposed in the upper portion vertically aligned above the cathode molten material collection area; and a liquid electrolyte within the chamber in fluid communication with the anode structure and the cathode structure, the liquid electrolyte having electrolyte density; the anode structure is configured to receive impure aluminum having impure aluminum density greater than the electrolyte density, and the cathode structure captures purified aluminum having purified aluminum density greater than the electrolyte density, the cathode structure defining a cathode flow path along which purified aluminum can flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing and resolving 3-amino-2-phenylpiperidine and for synthesizing from the enantiomers of such compound certain pharmaceutically active substituted 2-phenyl-3-benzylaminopiperidines. The substituted 2-phenyl-3-benzylaminopiperidines that can be prepared by the processes of this invention are substance P receptor antagonists and are useful in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory and central nervous system disorders, as well as several other disorders.

Abstract: An amine substituion process for 2-(1-pentyl-3-guanidino)-4-(2-methyl-4-imidazolyl)thiazole, for precursor N-(pentylamidino)thiourea, and for analogs thereof of said compounds.