Abstract: A transmitter for an animal training system, which includes a modulator for energizing at least one antenna, and a controller connected to the modulator. A first switch is connected to the controller, and the first switch is for entering a setup mode and for selecting at least one of a plurality of setting configurations. A second switch is also connected to the controller, and the second switch is for modifying a value of a respective setting configuration.

Abstract: A receiver for an animal training system which includes a stimulation unit for providing at least one stimulus having a quantity of energy pulses and a stimulus pulse width; and a controller connected to the stimulation unit. The controller receives at least one transmitted signal and assigns amplitude information and rate information to at least one correction signal. The stimulation unit receives the at least one correction signal and outputs a corresponding stimulus having the quantity of energy pulses corresponding to the rate information. The stimulus has the stimulus pulse width corresponding to the amplitude information.

Abstract: A system for controlling pets utilizes a low power transmitter to create avoidance zones in which one pet wearing an animal control receiver can enter but in which a second pet is deterred from entering.

Abstract: A system for controlling pets utilizes a low power transmitter to create avoidance zones in which one pet wearing an animal control receiver can enter but in which a second pet is deterred from entering.

Abstract: A system for controlling pets utilizes a low power transmitter to create avoidance zones in which one pet wearing an animal control receiver can enter but in which a second pet is deterred from entering.

Abstract: A microprocessor, method and signal-bearing medium for storing a program for executing the method, includes a microcode unit for outputting control signals, for each of a plurality of instructions, required by the microprocessor for executing the instructions. The microcode unit includes an instruction address input for receiving an instruction address, a control variable input for receiving a control variable corresponding to a current state of the microprocessor, a control signal input for receiving all of the control signals output by the microcode unit for an immediately preceding instruction, and a plurality of embedded logic circuits each dedicated for evaluating one unique type of instruction received by the microcode unit.

Abstract: A system for controlling pets utilizes a low power transmitter to create avoidance zones in which one pet wearing an animal control receiver can enter but in which a second pet is deterred from entering.

Abstract: A system for controlling pets utilizes a low power transmitter to create avoidance zones in which one pet wearing an animal control receiver can enter but in which a second pet is deterred from entering.

Abstract: A microprocessor, method and signal-bearing medium for storing a program for executing the method, includes a microcode unit for outputting control signals, for each of a plurality of instructions, required by the microprocessor for executing the instructions. The microcode unit includes an instruction address input for receiving an instruction address, a control variable input for receiving a control variable corresponding to a current state of the microprocessor, a control signal input for receiving all of the control signals output by the microcode unit for an immediately preceding instruction, and a plurality of embedded logic circuits each dedicated for evaluating one unique type of instruction received by the microcode unit.

Abstract: A nutritional feed supplement composition for post rumen metabolism in ruminant animals composed of spheroid nutrient particles coatingly covered with divalent metal salts which are insoluble in near-neutral rumen fluid but soluble in acidic post rumen digestive fluids. The composition protects nutrients which would be of no value if exposed to rumen fluids but are beneficial when available for metabolism in post rumen digestive fluids. The nutrients may be dispersed in inert powders formed into spheroid particles, and the divalent metal salts may be dispersed in a resin membrane insoluble in all ruminant fluids. Nutrient particles in the composition include enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, single cell proteins, and medicinal materials. The divalent metal salts include magnesium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, and magnesium stearate. The resin membranes include polyurethane, polyethylene and polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene.

Abstract: A two step method for solid state polymerization of dry crystalline thermoplastic polymers to form polymers with superior mechanical properties, first by mechanically fluidizing dry crystalline thermoplastic polymer particles in the absence of oxygen by means of blades moving through the fluidized polymer particles at velocities sufficient to heat the particles to an incipient melt temperature and maintain the temperature until solid state polymerization provides the desired molecular weight and before chemical degradation of the polymer occurs; and second by immediately quenching by application of liquefied cryogenic gases directly to the surfaces of the polymer particles in amounts sufficient to cool the particles to temperatures lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer before crystals in the polymer aggregate into large spherulites.

Abstract: A feed urea composition, ruminally synthesizable mainly to microbial crude protein (MCP) in rumen fluid of ruminant animals, the urea particles exhibiting diameters between 0.5 and 1.5 millimeters, coatingly covered with a non-rumen-degradable semipermeable resin membrane exhibiting a thickness of between 3 and 15 microns and a permeability which allows between 20 and 70 percent of the urea to dissolve in water at 39° C. in 10 hours. Effective semipermeable resin membranes are thermoplastic and thermosetting resins including polyolefins and polyurethanes, and the permeabilities of the membranes may be controlled by the addition of one, or more, additives, including triethanolamine, polyalkylene glycols, and clays.

Abstract: A method of preparing particulate calcium phosphate animal feed minerals and useful carbon dioxide by coreacting calcareous proteinacious by-products recovered from poultry hatcheries with phosphoric acid. Aqueous hatchery by-product containing protein and calcium in a weight ratio between 0.25 and 1.25 is comminuted until the contained dry matter particles exhibit diameters less than 1 millimeter and are reactive with phosphoric acid. The calcium in the comminuted hatchery by-product is coreacted with phosphoric acid using between one and two mols of P per mol of Ca until carbon dioxide formation ceases and the reacted aqueous hatchery by-product exhibits a pH between 2 and 4. The calcium phosphate granules are dried by commercial means until the protein hardens and forms a matrix bonding the calcium phosphate into attrition resistant granules of animal feed mineral.

Abstract: A method of preparing particulate calcium phosphate animal feed minerals and useful carbon dioxide by coreacting calcareous proteinacious by-products recovered from poultry hatcheries with phosphoric acid. Aqueous hatchery by-product containing protein and calcium in a weight ratio between 0.25 and 1.25 is comminuted until the contained dry matter particles exhibit diameters less than 1 millimeter and are reactive with phosphoric acid. The calcium in the comminuted hatchery by-product is coreacted with phosphoric acid using between one and two mols of P per mol of Ca until carbon dioxide formation ceases and the reacted aqueous hatchery by-product exhibits a pH between 2 and 4. Dry recycled calcium phosphate is admixed with the aqueous hatchery by-product to form damp solids containing between 7 and 18 percent water. The damp solids are rolled by means of a granulator until spheroid granules containing calcium phosphate homogeneously mixed with protein are formed.

Abstract: A concentrated controlled release non protein nitrogen ruminant feed supplement composition which releases nitrogen in rumen fluids at about the same rate that the nitrogen is metabolized therein. The composition comprises closely sized central particles of concentrated rumen-degradable nitrogen compounds and non-rumen-degradable semipermeable membranes coatingly covering the central particles in an amount sufficient to allow substantially complete diffusion of the degradable nitrogen compound of the central particles through the semipermeable membranes into the rumen fluid in between 6 and 24 hours. A special method to prepare the composition is provided.

Abstract: A method of crystallizing particles of amorphous thermoplastic polymer particles in a mechanically fluidizing horizontal cylindrical crystallizer so that each particle is crystallized to substantially the same degree without particle agglomeration or stickiness in the crystallizer or the product. The method comprises mechanically fluidizing the particles with fluidizing blades providing mechanical friction, heat, and deformation stress until the stress orients the polymer molecules to form polymer crystals. The method is particularly useful with polyesters, polyester copolymers and low melting blends thereof. A new crystallized polymer composition prepared by the mechanical stress method is disclosed.

Abstract: A bioavailable water soluble animal feed mineral composition which provides buffering of animal digestive fluids to near-neutral pH comprising an alkali metal magnesium phosphate hydrate providing a total of between 1.5 and 4.7 equivalent weights of alkali metal and magnesium per molecule of phosphorus. Water of hydration amounting to between 6 and 12 percent is required for effectiveness. An effective composition, Na2Mg(PO4) 0.8 H2O, is prepared by stepwise reaction of sodium carbonate and magnesium oxide with orthophosphoric acid in a rotating pan equipped for high intensity mixing.

Abstract: A storage stable magnesium oxychloride coated granular animal feed mineral supplement composition resistant to disintegration cause by moisture absorption and attrition, comprising granular mineral nutrients useful as animal feed supplements and magnesium oxychloride coatings amounting to between 0.5 and 10.0 percent of the weight of the granules, formed on the granules of mineral nutrients by coreaction of magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide. An additional coating of between 0.2 and 2.0 percent magnesium stearate formed on the magnesium oxychloride may be used to decrease the rate of wetting of the granular animal feed mineral supplements.

Abstract: A method of preparing amino acid transition metal chelates a palatable highly bioavailable source of transition metals for animal nutrition from lipoproteins and transition metal salts. The method requires strong aqueous base hydrolysis of the lipoproteins to sodium or potassium salts of alpha amino acids mixed with fatty acids. The salts are neutralized to amino acids mixed with fatty acids before the aqueous mixture is reacted with transition metal salts to form aqueous chelates. The aqueous mixture is dried and granulated to form a dry product comprising transition metal chelates homogeneously mixed with fatty acids. The new granular composition containing zinc, iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, or chromium provides a palatable and highly bioavailable source of transition metals for animal nutrition. Effective sources of lipoproteins are fractured cell walls of microbes generated in biological syntheses.

Abstract: A microprocessor, method and signal-bearing medium for storing a program for executing the method, includes a microcode unit for outputting control signals, for each of a plurality of instructions, required by the microprocessor for executing the instructions. The microcode unit includes an instruction address input for receiving an instruction address, a control variable input for receiving a control variable corresponding to a current state of the microprocessor, a control signal input for receiving all of the control signals output by the microcode unit for an immediately preceding instruction, and a plurality of embedded logic circuits each dedicated for evaluating one unique type of instruction received by the microcode unit.