Abstract: A method for monitoring the metabolic state of an organism, cell, tissue, group of cells, organelles or organelle with or without a metabolic modulating agent or with or without a genetic alteration capable of modulating metabolism is disclosed. The biological material of interest is placed in a conductive solution in close proximity to a first electrode that is electrically coupled to a second electrode. A potential is applied to the electrodes sufficient enough to create a potential gradient between the two. If the biological material of interest is undergoing oxidation reactions, reduction reactions, or producing electrochemically active compounds as a result of metabolism, these will react at the first electrode, and in some cases, achieve direct electron transfer to the first electrode and generate a detectable electrical current. This current is directly proportional to the metabolic rate of the biological material of interest.

Abstract: Transplacental enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is disclosed for deficiency of a polypeptide such as a tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) by administering a pharmaceutical composition that comprises a water-soluble TNSALP portion, e.g., C-terminus-truncated TNSALP peptide-bonded to an IgG1 antibody Fc portion, to a pregnant animal whose fetus or embryo is in need of such therapy. Also contemplated is a method for treating a metabolic disorder, such as HPP, in a fetus or embryo where a fusion protein that comprises a Fc fragment of an IgG1 antibody peptide-bonded to TNSALP is administered to a pregnant mother. The protein crosses the placenta of the mother and enters the fetal blood stream. The protein is taken up into fetal tissue such that the TNSALP restores normal metabolic activity in the fetus.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the treatment of lysosomal storage disease in mammals wherein the mammal is administered a therapeutically effective amount of an isolated, modified recombinant ?-glucuronidase whereby said storage diseased disease is relieved in the brain and visceral organs of the mammal. There is also disclosed an isolated, modified recombinant ?-glucuronidase wherein the modification is having its carbohydrate moieties chemically modified so as to reduce its activity with respect to mannose and mannose 6-phosphate cellular delivery system while retaining enzymatic activity. Also disclosed are other lysosomal enzymes within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polypeptide therapeutic agent, useful in enzyme replacement therapy, with increased therapeutic benefits for the central nervous system. The invention provides a method of enhancing the effect of a polypeptide or protein on the central nervous system by the attachment of a short acidic amino acid sequence. Specifically the inventors disclose the attachment of a 4-15 acidic amino acid sequence to human ?-glucuronidase by construction of a fusion protein. This molecule is useful in the treatment of type VII mucopolysaccharidosis when administered to a patient.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The invention contemplates transplacental enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for deficiency of a polypeptide such as a tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) by administering a before-described pharmaceutical composition to a pregnant animal whose fetus or embryo is in need of such therapy. The fusion protein of such a composition comprises a water-soluble TNSALP portion, e.g., C-terminus-truncated TNSALP peptide-bonded to an IgG1 antibody Fc portion. The invention also contemplates a method for treating a metabolic disorder, such as HPP, in a fetus or embryo were a protein is administered to a pregnant mother. The fusion protein comprises a Fc fragment of an IgG1 antibody peptide-bonded to TNSALP. The protein crosses the placenta of the mother and enters the fetal blood stream. The protein is taken up into fetal tissue such that the TNSALP restores normal metabolic activity in the fetus.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for use in enzyme replacement therapy. The inventors disclose a method of producing membrane bound enzymes in an active soluble form by eliminating the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor. In particular the inventors disclose a soluble active form of the membrane bound enzyme TNSALP which they produced by deleting the GPI anchor single peptide sequence. They have further shown that this composition is useful for treatment of hypophosphatasia. The inventors also disclose oligo acid amino acid variants thereof which specifically target bone tissue.

Abstract: The invention is directed to chimeral fusion proteins having an IgG1 antibody Fc portion and a lysosomal storage enzyme, particularly a Fc-GUS fusion protein useful in treating Sly's disease in an embryo or fetus. The invention is also directed to methods of treating in born errors of metabolism, particularly Sly's disease, in a fetus by delivering to a pregnant mother a Fc-MPS emzyme fusion protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polypeptide therapeutic agent, useful in enzyme replacement therapy, with increased therapeutic benefits for the central nervous system. The invention provides a method of enhancing the effect of a polypeptide or protein on the central nervous system by the attachment of a short acidic amino acid sequence. Specifically the inventors disclose the attachment of a 4-15 acidic amino acid sequence to human ?-glucuronidase by construction of a fusion protein. This molecule is useful in the treatment of type VII mucopolysaccharidosis when administered to a patient.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for use in enzyme replacement therapy. The inventors disclose a method of producing membrane bound enzymes in an active soluble form by eliminating the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor. In particular the inventors disclose a soluble active form of the membrane bound enzyme TNSALP which they produced by deleting the GPI anchor single peptide sequence. They have further shown that this composition is useful for treatment of hypophosphatasia. The inventors also disclose oligo acid amino acid variants thereof which specifically target bone tissue.

Abstract: There is disclosed an isolated, modified recombinant ?-glucuronidase wherein the modification is having its carbohydrate moeties chemically modified so as to reduce its activity with respect to mannose and mannose 6-phosphate cellular delivery system while retaining enzymatic activity Also disclosed are methods for the treatment of lysosomal storage disease in mammals wherein the mammal is administered a therapeutically effective amount of isolated, modified recombinant ?-glucuronidase whereby said storage diseased is relieved in the brain and visceral organs of the mammal. Also disclosed are other lysosomal enzymes within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: Targeted therapeutics that localize to a specific subcellular compartment such as the lysosome are provided. The targeted therapeutics include a therapeutic agent and a targeting moiety that binds a receptor on an exterior surface of the cell, permitting proper subcellular localization of the targeted therapeutic upon internalization of the receptor. Nucleic acids, cells, and methods relating to the practice of the invention are also provided.