Abstract: Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabricating and implementing nanoparticles with hollow core and sealable holes. In one aspect, a nanoparticle device can includes a shell structure including at least two layers including an internal layer and an external layer, the internal layer structured to enclose a hollow interior region and include one or more holes penetrating the internal layer, the external layer is of a porous material and formed around the internal layer and sealing the one or more holes, and a substance contained within the hollow interior region, the substance incapable of passing through the external layer.

Abstract: Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabricating and implementing nanoparticles with hollow core and sealable holes. In one aspect, a nanoparticle device can includes a shell structure including at least two layers including an internal layer and an external layer, the internal layer structured to enclose a hollow interior region and include one or more holes penetrating the internal layer, the external layer is of a porous material and formed around the internal layer and sealing the one or more holes, and a substance contained within the hollow interior region, the substance incapable of passing through the external layer.

Abstract: Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabricating and implementing nanoparticles with hollow core and sealable holes. In one aspect, a nanoparticle device can includes a shell structure including at least two layers including an internal layer and an external layer, the internal layer structured to enclose a hollow interior region and include one or more holes penetrating the internal layer, the external layer is of a porous material and formed around the internal layer and sealing the one or more holes, and a substance contained within the hollow interior region, the substance incapable of passing through the external layer.

Abstract: Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabricating and implementing nanoparticles with hollow core and sealable holes. In one aspect, a nanoparticle device can includes a shell structure including at least two layers including an internal layer and an external layer, the internal layer structured to enclose a hollow interior region and include one or more holes penetrating the internal layer, the external layer is of a porous material and formed around the internal layer and sealing the one or more holes, and a substance contained within the hollow interior region, the substance incapable of passing through the external layer.

Abstract: A dehydrocoupling polycondensation method for synthesizing polymetalloles including obtaining a dihydrometallole that includes silicon or germanium atoms, designating a reducing agent for preparation of dihydrometallole monomer, measuring a predetermined molar percentage of the reducing agent corresponding to a molar amount of the dihydrometallole, selecting a catalyst, and reacting the catalyst with the dihydrometallole to obtain a polymetallole. A method for detecting an analyte that may be present in ambient air or complex aqueous media including providing a polymer or copolymer containing a metalloid-metalloid backbone, exposing the polymer or copolymer to a suspected analyte or a system suspected of including the analyte, and measuring a quenching of photoluminescence of the metallole polymer or copolymer exposed to the system.

Abstract: A method to develop inexpensive inorganic polymeric sensors that can provide a sensitivity and selectivity for explosive nitroaromatic compounds. Selectivity is provided by the arrays of 12 different reactive fluorescent sensors to mimic the human olfactory system. The sensors are based on photoluminescence quenching of polymers containing metalloid-metalloid backbones such as Si-Si, Si-Ge, or Ge-Ge. The sensor employs a thin film of photoluminescent copolymers, which is stable in air, water, acids, common organic solvents, and even seawater containing bioorganisms. The detection method involves measurement of the quenching of photoluminescence of the polysilole by the analyte.