Abstract: A ring binder having an upper and a lower cover blank joined by a flexible rear blank. The binder has at least two aligning tongues extending from the lower cover blank to the upper cover blank for retaining perforated paper. Each aligning tongue is formed as a leaf spring and has a root section, a center section and a tip section, wherein the sides of the center section being narrower than the root. The binder has U-shaped brackets on the upper cover blank for receiving the aligning tongues. A tie section of U-shaped cross section is attached substantially perpendicular to the root section. The tie section has legs having flanges extending outwardly from the free end of the legs. The aligning tongues are configured to be integral with one of the flanges via a reduced cross section in the lower portion of the aligning tongues.

Abstract: Head-up displays on motor vehicles often have double images and interfering reflections on the windshield. To avoid these, arrangements of linear polarization filters or shutter foils are suggested, which have particularly high light transmission. Arrangements of filter plates on a combiner inside of the windshield are also advantageous.

Abstract: Head-up displays on motor vehicles often have double images and interfering reflections on the windshield. To avoid these, arrangements of linear polarization filters or shutter foils are suggested, which have particularly high light transmission. Arrangements of filter plates on a combiner inside of the windshield are also advantageous.

Abstract: An opto-electronic indicating matrix comprises a plurality of row and column segments controllable in a multiplex operation, and means for electrically connecting the row and column segments and including a plurality of conductors arranged in regions between the row segments and inclined to a longitudinal axis of the row axis so as to extend parallel to one another in one plane. A preferable application of the matrix is in an indicator for travel guiding information in a power vehicle.

Abstract: A system of navigation for vehicles is proposed, which is provided with a device (14) for representing a road map as well as with a composite navigation apparatus (10, 11, 12) for the continuous instantaneous determination of the location of the vehicle and with a location display (16) on the representation of the road map. Deviations of the location from the course of the roads on the road map are detected and corrected. In order to be able to input a desired trip route (21) into the navigation system without an additional representation of the road map, prior to the beginning of the trip the desired trip route is traced by hand, using an input device (17, 18) connected to a trip route memory, with a wand (19) on the existing representation (14) of the road map, and thereby stored in the trip route memory (13). (Fig. 1).

Abstract: A process for determining navigation data from a map wherein a line code lattice is superposed on the map and scanned by a sensor. The crossing line codes in the lattice differ one from the other.

Abstract: A device for evaluating the exposure of a phosphate glass dosimeter to ioing radiation by effecting differential scanning of the dosimeter glass with light radiation, including a member for holding the glass stationary, a device for supplying a single beam of light for effecting the evaluation; and a scanning system composed of an element defining a pivotal, elongated slit, two rotatable mirrors and two stationary mirrors arranged in the path of the single beam and operable for causing the beam to scan the glass selectively along any one of three coordinates.