Abstract: A network gateway device is provided, including a P2P meta-descriptor detector detecting an original P2P meta-descriptor file, a P2P proxy control unit modifying the original P2P meta-descriptor and forwarding the modified P2P meta-descriptor file to a computer, an internal tracker receiving an inquiry message and replying when receiving a response, a storage unit storing shared file segments, an emulated external P2P client loading the original P2P meta-descriptor file, and an emulated internal P2P client performing an internal inquiry procedure and a load balancing procedure, determining whether the storage unit has the shared file segments, wherein if so, the shared file segments are retrieved and forwarded to the computer.

Abstract: A method and a system for peer-to-peer file transmission, suitable for an uploading peer to transmit a file to a downloading peer through a communication network, are provided. First, the uploading peer shares one or a plurality of pieces of the file. Then, the uploading peer selects one of the pieces of the file and suggests the downloading peer downloading the selected piece.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for differentiating pseudowire (PW) packets from multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) packets. It uses particular time-to-live (TTL) values to differentiate PW packets from MPLS packets, thereby to create additional label spaces and to maximize the total number of PWs and label switching paths that can be simultaneously in use. At an ingress PW device, when an incoming packet is encapsulated into a PW packet, the TTL field of the corresponding PW header is set to one of particular values. At an egress MPLS device, after a packet is received, the value of the TTL field of its MPLS header is compared with these particular values. If the TTL value is equal to one of particular values, this packet is a PW packet and belongs to the PW label space of the particular value.

Abstract: A data-transmission-control system for transmitting data packets includes a classifier to separate control packets from other packets, and an output device to transmit packets, wherein the classifier triggers the output device to directly send the separated control packets upon receiving and separating the control packets in a communication link implementing a Transmission Control Protocol, and the classifier sends the other packets to a packet processing or scheduling device.