Abstract: A sheathed-element glow plug for starting a thermal combustion process, in particular for starting a self-igniting combustion engine, having a housing, which may be sealingly mounted in a wall of a combustion chamber and accommodates a ceramic heating element that extends into the combustion chamber. The heating element includes a heating conductor, which is connectible to a voltage source and has an electrical resistance, and the electrically conductive cross-section of the heating conductor is smaller in the region of a heating-element tip than an electrically conductive cross-section in the region of a heating-element body. It is proposed that the heating-element tip include at least one frustoconical segment.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus includes a shared pressure reservoir, an injector, a pressure intensifier, and valves for controlling the injection process and the pressure intensification. A modular design is produced by means of a pressure intensifier module, and a valve module, thereby reducing costs and increases flexibility in the manufacture of fuel injection apparatuses.

Abstract: An injection nozzle of a stroke-controlled fuel injection device has a control chamber for triggering a nozzle needle and also has a nozzle chamber connectable to a pressure booster. The communication between a differential chamber of the pressure booster and a leakage line and the communication between a control chamber and a leakage line are controllable with the aid of a common valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection system has one or more unit fuel injectors or pump-line-nozzle units, corresponding in number to the cylinders, for compressing the fuel. The fuel injection system includes means for generating two different injection pressures during the injection and at least one valve for controlling the injection with a cross sectional control. The fuel injection with the aid of the unit fuel injector or a pump-line-nozzle unit can be achieved over a wide rpm range with great precision.

Abstract: A method for injecting fuel at at least two different high fuel pressures via injectors into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection at the higher fuel pressure takes place by pressure-controlled features, during the fuel injection, at least one lower fuel pressure is generated. To that end, a fuel injection system has one local diversion unit for each injector, and the diversion unit can be activated or deactivated via a valve unit.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in which fuel at at least two differently high fuel pressures can be injected via injectors into the combustion chamber of the engine, parallel to a bypass line a hydraulic pressure booster is provided for generating the higher fuel pressure; the pressure booster is actuatable and deactuatable via a valve unit. Since the pressure booster is not constantly in operation, and the losses from friction are also reduced, the efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A fuel injection is effected by means of a high-pressure pump (2) and a pressure reservoir chamber (6) for generating and storing a first system pressure. This system pressure is not used for injection; instead, by means of the pressure booster unit (9), a higher injection pressure is generated during the injection, and this injection pressure can be reduced to shape the course of injection. By means of this invention, an improved capability of metering the fuel injection and an improved execution of fast switching times are achieved.

Abstract: A pressure-controlled fuel injection system (1) has a common pressure reservoir, one injector (3) per cylinder, and one local pressure booster (4) assigned to each injector (3). A 2/2-way valve (14) is provided for metering fuel to the injector (3).

Abstract: A ceramic sheathed-type glow plug, whose ceramic heating element is made of an electrically conductive conducting layer and an electrically insulating layer, is described. The conducting layer is made of lead layers and a heating layer. The higher specific electrical resistance of the heating layer allows the temperature of the heating layer and the combustion chamber to be determined. The electrical contact between a connector element and the heating element is established by a contacting element, which is in the form of a pellet made of an electrically conductive powder.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in which the fuel pumped by means of a high-pressure pump can be injected into the combustion chamber of the engine at at least two different, high fuel pressure via injectors, between the high-pressure pump and the injectors, at least one central pressure booster unit for all the injectors is provided. The pressure booster unit is triggerable in a targeted way as need, and as a result the fuel which is at the higher pressure can be better regulated in quantity, and the losses from friction can be reduced accordingly as well.

Abstract: A ceramic sheathed-element glow plug is proposed in which a metallic tubular holder holds a ceramic U-shaped heating device in a cantilevered fashion at its combustion chamber side end and has a terminal stud for applying a voltage to the ceramic heating device on the end remote from the combustion chamber. At its end enclosed by the holder, the ceramic heating device has a segment of greatest diameter and is coated with an insulating layer which has recesses for an electrical contacting. One recess is provided at the end of the ceramic heating device remote from the combustion chamber and a second recess is provided on the external wall of the ceramic heating device. A for an electrically conductive sealing compound is provided between the external wall of the ceramic heating device and the internal wall of the holder.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus (1) includes a shared pressure reservoir (6), an injector (8), a pressure intensifier, and valves for controlling the injection process and the pressure intensification. A modular design is produced by means of a pressure intensifier module (16), and a valve module (17). This reduces costs and increases flexibility in the manufacture of fuel injection apparatuses.

Abstract: A method and system for injecting fuel in at least two different high fuel pressures via injectors into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The higher fuel pressure being stored in a central pressure reservoir, the lower fuel pressure is generated individually locally for each injector, at all times during the injection event by diversion of the higher fuel pressure. The diversion being activatable or deactivatable via a multi-way valve. To that end, a corresponding fuel injection system with a central pressure reservoir for storing the higher fuel pressure has a local diversion unit for each injector by means of which the lower fuel pressure can be generated dissipatively from the higher fuel pressure, and the local diversion unit has a multi-way valve for activating and deactivating the diversion, respectively. In this way, an improved metering of the lower fuel pressure can be achieved.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a pressure storage chamber and one injector assigned to each cylinder, which injector can be connected to the pressure storage chamber via a pressure line that includes a metering valve. Using a single 2/2-way valve as a metering valve per cylinder makes for a more-economical manufacture of a fuel system, especially for small engines. The fuel injection is done under pressure control.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in which fuel can be injected at least two different, high fuel pressures, via injectors, into the combustion chamber of the engine, having a central first pressure reservoir for the higher fuel pressure and a central second pressure reservoir, supplied from the first pressure reservoir, in which by regulation of its fuel delivery, the lower fuel pressure is maintained, and having a valve unit for switchover between the higher and the lower fuel, the valve unit for switchover between the higher and the lower fuel is provided locally for each injector. With this injection system, improved metering of the lower fuel pressure is possible.

Abstract: A fuel injection system has one or more unit fuel injectors or pump-line-nozzle system, corresponding in number to the number of cylinders, for compressing the fuel and a hydraulic pressure booster unit. With the aid of the unit fuel injector and the pressure booster unit, a fuel injection can be performed with great precision over a wide rpm range.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having at least two different, high system pressures for an internal combustion engine, includes a first central pressure reservoir for the lower system pressure and includes a second central pressure reservoir, supplied from a high-pressure pump, for the higher system pressure, both pressure reservoirs being connectable by line to the injector of each cylinder, and to increase the efficiency, a two-stage high-pressure pump, by whose lower stage the first pressure reservoir and by whose higher stage the second pressure reservoir are supplied.

Abstract: In a method for injecting fuel at at least two differently high fuel pressures via injectors into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the fuel injection at the lower fuel pressure takes place under stroke control, and the fuel injection at the higher fuel pressure takes place under pressure control. For a pre- and/or post-injection and/or a boot injection at the lower fuel pressure, the control chamber and via a check valve the nozzle chamber as well are connected to a low-pressure fuel supply, and that for a main injection at the higher fuel pressure, the nozzle chamber is connected to the high-pressure fuel supply.

Abstract: A fuel injection system has a pressure step-up unit, disposed between a pressure storage chamber and a nozzle chamber, whose pressure chamber communicates with the nozzle chamber via a pressure line. A bypass line connected to the pressure storage chamber is also provided. The bypass line communicates directly with the pressure line. The bypass line can be used for pressure injection and is disposed parallel to the pressure chamber, so that the bypass line is open regardless of the motion and position of a displaceable piston element in the pressure step-up unit. This enhances the flexibility of injection.

Abstract: A ceramic sheathed element glow plug has a tubular metal casing holding a ceramic U-shaped heating device cantilevered at its end facing the combustion chamber, and on the end remote from the combustion chamber, it has a terminal pin for applying a voltage to the ceramic heating device. In the metal casing, a ceramic bushing and a ring follow the ceramic heating device at the end remote from the combustion chamber.