Abstract: The invention relates to polycondensation resins which are prepared by polycondensation of compounds having a low molecular weight and separation of small molecules in the presence of at least one hetergeneous catalyst. The invention also relates to polyaddition resins which are prepared by polyaddition in the presence of at least one heterogeneous catalyst. The invention further relates to the use of said polycondensation resins and polyaddition resins for the preparation of moulded parts, adhesives and coating materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers obtainable by reaction ofa) unmodified and/or modified organic polyisocyanates, preferably 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, withb) polyoxybutylene glycols and/or polyoxybutylene/polyoxyalkylene glycols with a molecular weight of from 150 to 1800 and a content of crown ethers, preferably those of the formula (--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--).sub.m, where m is from 3 to 6, not exceeding 0.06% of the total weight andc) chain extenders with a molecular weight of from 60 to 400, preferably 1,4-butanediol,to a process for the preparation thereof and to the use thereof for producing molded articles and sheets for use in the medical or hygiene sector and in the foodstuffs sector.

Abstract: In thermoplastic elastomers selected from the group consisting of the thermoplastic polyurethanes, of the polyetheresters and of the polyetheramides which are derived from polyetherpolycarbonatediols as diol components, the polyetherpolycarbonatediols used are reaction products of phosgene, dialkyl carbonates having C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups or cyclic carbonates having C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene bridges or mixtures thereof with mixtures ofa.sub.1) from 10 to 100 mol % of polyoxytetramethylenediol having a number average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 150 to 500 anda.sub.2) from 0 to 90 mol % of polyoxyalkylenediols which differ from a.sub.1) and have C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene groups, aliphatic alkanediols of 2 to 14 carbon atoms, alicyclic alkanediols of 3 to 14 carbon atoms or alkylene oxides of 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of cellular polyurethane elastomers involves reactinga) an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) a polyether polycarbonate diol which contains bonded polyoxytetramethylene glycol radicals having a mean molecular weight Mn (number average) of from 150 to 500, and, if desired,c) a low-molecular-weight chain extender and/or crosslinking agent,in the presence ofd) a blowing agent,e) a catalyst andf) if desired additives and/or assistants.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polyurethane elastomer by reactinga) an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) at least one relatively high-molecular-weight polyoxybutylene-polyoxyalkylene glycol from the group comprising polyoxybutylene-polyoxyethylene glycols, polyoxybutylene-polyoxypropylene glycols and/or polyoxybutylene-polyoxpropylene-polyoxyethylene glycols,c) at least one chain extender and/or crosslinking agent andd) at least one glycidyl compound containing units having the structure ##STR1## in which n is a number from 1 to 6,X is an alkylene, arylene, --O-- or --N-- bridge, andR.sup.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,in the presence or absence ofe) blowing agents,f) catalysts andg) assistants and/or additives,and mixtures of polyoxybutylene-polyoxyalkylene glycols (b) and glycidyl compounds (d).

Abstract: Polyetherpolycarbonatediols are composed essentially ofA) from 3 to 63.7 mol % of units derived from a polyoxytetramethylenediol,B) from 63.7 to 3 mol % of units derived from a polyoxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylenediol other than A), an aliphatic alkanediol of from 2 to 14 carbon atoms, an alicyclic alkanediol of from 3 to 14 carbon atoms or an alkylene oxide of 2 to 3 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof, andC) from 33.3 to 50 mol % of units derived from phosgene, a dialkyl carbonate having C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups or a cyclic carbonate having C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene bridges, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of non-cellular or cellular polyurethane elastomers by the reaction of(a) an organic polyisocyanate, preferably in the form of NCO groups containing prepolymers and/or modified urethane group containing organic polyisocyanates with(b) a higher molecular weight compound having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms,(c) a polyester polyol containing tin and/or titanium compounds as catalysts, and optionally(d) a chain extending agent and/or crosslinking agent in the presence of(e) blowing agents,(f) auxiliaries and/or additiveswhereby from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the (b) component, of a polyester polyol is used as a catalyst, which is prepared by the polycondensation of organic polycarboxylic acid with multivalent alcohols in the presence of from 0.002 to 5 weight percent, based on the weight of the polycondensation mixture, of a titanium and/or tin compound used as a catalyst at temperatures from 150.degree. to 200.degree.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyester polyols liquid at 25.degree. C., having an average functionality of from 2 to 3, a hydroxyl number of from 25 to 400, an acid number smaller than 10 and a viscosity at 25.degree. C. of from 200 to 10,000 mPas, which contain in bonded form units having at least one of the structures--O--CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--,--O--CH.sub.2 --CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--,--OC--CH(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CO--and--OC--CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)--CH.sub.2 --CO--which are prepared by the polycondensation or transesterification of 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-glutaric acid and/or 2-ethyl succinic acid or their derivatives, optionally while using other organic polycarboxylic acids and multivalent aliphatic alcohols and are useful for preparing non-cellular or cellular polyurethane plastics or polyurethane-polyurea plastics.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyester polyols which are liquid at 25.degree. C. and contain units having the structure --OCH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O-- which are bound together and have an average functionality of from about 2 to 3, a hydroxyl number of from about 25 to 300, an acid number of less than about 2, and a viscosity of from about 200 to 10.sup.5 mPas at 25.degree. C. The polyols are prepared through polycondensation in the molten state, in the presence of or absence of esterification catalysts, of an aliphatic di- and/or polycarboxylic acid and/or di- and/or polycarboxylic acid ahydride and 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol or mixtures comprised of 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol and at least one linear or branched, aliphatic di- through tetravalent alcohol, which optionally contains ether bridges and has a 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol content of at least 20 weight percent based on the weight of the alcohol mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing high temperature-resistant dense or cellular polyurethane elastomers by reacting the following, preferably using low-pressure processing techniques:(a) organic polyisocyanates, preferably in the form of isocyanate group-containing prepolymers and/or modified urethane group-containing organic polyisocyanates, with(b) relatively high molecular weight compounds having at least 2 reactive hydrogen atoms,(c) urea derivatives and, optionally,(d) chain extenders and/or cross-linking agents in the presence of(e) catalysts and, optionally,(f) blowing agents(g) auxiliaries and/or additiveswherein amino and/or hydroxyl group-substituted ureas and/or polyureas having molecular weights from 200 to 4000 are also used as the urea derivatives. Said ureas and/or polyureas are prepared by reacting organic diisocyanates with primary aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic diamines and/or alkanolamines in molar ratios of from 1:1.

Abstract: In order to prepare polyester or polyetherpolyester polyols, polyols, preferably di- to hexafunctional polyether polyols having hydroxyl numbers from 15 to 250 are esterified with at least one carboxylic acid anhydride, preferably phthalic acid anhydride, in the presence of N-methylimidazole, triethylenediamine, and/or triphenylphosphine as catalysts to form a carboxylic acid half-ester, and said half-ester is then oxyalkylated with at least one alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, in the presence of N-methylimidazole, triethylenediamine, triphenylphosphine, thiodialkylene glycol, employing a mixture of at least two of the compounds cited as catalysts.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude polyether polyols which are prepared by anionic polymerization of alkylene oxides in the presence of basic catalysts. The polyols are mixed with water and ortho-phosphoric acid in certain quantity ratios, an adsorption agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture, the mixture is filtered and the water is removed from the polyether polyol by distillation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cellular or non-cellular polyurethanes through the reaction of organic polyisocyanates with a polyether-polyester polyol component containing di- to tetrafunctional polyether-polyester polyols having hydroxyl numbers of from 10 to 200, which are themselves prepared by esterifying conventional di- to tetrafunctional polyether polyols with carboxylic acid anhydrides, preferably aromatic carboxylic acid anhydrides, in the presence of selected catalysts to form carboxylic acid half esters, and oxyalkylating the resulting carboxylic acid half esters with alkylene oxides in the presence of N-methylimidazole, triethylene diamine, triphenylphosphine or mixtures thereof with thiodialkylene glycol as catalysts.

Abstract: Polyester polyols and/or polyester-polyether polyols are prepared by reacting polyols preferably di- to hexafunctional polyether polyols with hydroxyl numbers of 30 to 200 with at least one carboxylic anhydride, preferably glutaric anhydride, resulting in a carboxylic acid half ester which is subsequently oxyalkylated with at least one alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide in the presence of at least 1 thiodialkylene glycol, preferably thiodiethylene and/or thiodipropylene glycol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of optionally cellular and non-cellular polyurethane elastomers, preferably by reaction injection molding, organic polyisocyanates, polyether polyols based on polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols with terminal hydroxyethylene groups and an ethoxylation degree of 1 to 13, having a content of primary hydroxyl groups at the corresponding degree of ethoxylation as the value of curve A to 100 percent with curve A describing the dependency of the primary hydroxyl group content upon the degree of ethoxylation are reacted with chain extenders and/or cross-linking agents in the presence of catalysts as well as optionally blowing agents, auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: For the preparation of elastic flexible polyurethane foams with improved breaking elongation and very good setting behavior as well as densities from 7 to 120 grams per liter, organic polyisocyanates are reacted in the presence of blowing agents, catalysts and, optionally, auxiliaries and/or additives with polyols based on polyoxyalkylene polyols having terminal oxyethylene blocks of a degree of oxyethylation of 1 to 13 and which have a content of primary hydroxyl groups at the corresponding degree of oxyethylation equal or exceeding the value of curve A in the Figure in which curve A describing the relationship of the content of primary hydroxyl groups with the degree of oxyethylation.

Abstract: Low temperature flexible polyurethane elastomers are prepared by reacting organic polyisocyanates with polyester polyols which have glass transition temperatures of -10.degree. to -80.degree. C. and incorporating therein alkoxylated esters of fatty acids and/or alkoxylated terpene alcohols.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing cellular polymers having urethane groups, isocyanurate groups, or both. The cellular polymers are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with certain polymer dispersions in the presence of a blowing agent.The polymer dispersions comprise(a) as a continuous phase, a polyol having a functionality of 2 to 8 and a hydroxyl number of 150 to 700; and(b) as a dispersed phase, an organic compound having(a) at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen atom,(b) a melting point of 30.degree. C. to 260.degree. C., and(c) a molecular weight of 178 to 100,000.