Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: Ink delivery systems to provide ink from a reservoir to an applicator pad for marking a surface. Ink is stored in a reservoir within a marker body. A valve system controls the flow of ink to the applicator pad to prevent puddling of ink on the marking surface. The reservoir is a hollow body with free flowing ink or may contain a fiber reservoir at least partially saturated with ink. The reservoir may also contain capillary channels and ribs to aid in transporting ink to the valve system. The valve system includes a plug and a spring to bias the plug in a closed position. The plug includes at least one contact surface to contact a housing, and thereby control the flow of ink from the reservoir to the applicator pad. The spring may be a coil spring or a compressible foam-like spring.

Abstract: An airbrush apparatus for use in generating a design on a desired object is disclosed. The apparatus and method of use are disclosed wherein the airbrush apparatus comprises a housing, boom, and sprayer head. A fluid to be applied is contained in individual cartridges and is drawn out by a vacuum effect caused by air that is being pumped from the housing across a feed tube which is in fluid communication with the cartridge.

Abstract: An airbrush apparatus for use in generating a design on a desired object is disclosed. The apparatus and method of use are disclosed wherein the airbrush apparatus comprises a housing, boom, and sprayer head. A fluid to be applied is contained in individual cartridges and is drawn out by a vacuum effect caused by air that is being pumped from the housing across a feed tube which is in fluid communication with the cartridge.

Abstract: Disclosed are fluid dispensers comprising: a) a fluid reservoir, b) a fluid feed line, c) a fluid transfer zone, d) a capillary overflow, e) a capillary control valve, and f) a porous applicator head, wherein: i) the fluid feed line communicates with the fluid reservoir and the fluid transfer zone; ii) the fluid transfer zone is intermediate to the porous applicator head and capillary overflow; iii) the capillary overflow is in communication with the transfer zone and/or the fluid feed line; and iv) fluid is drawn through the porous applicator head by means of capillary action; and v) the capillary control valve regulates the flow of fluid in and out of the capillary overflow.

Abstract: An airbrush apparatus for use in generating a design on a desired object is disclosed. The apparatus and method of use are disclosed wherein the airbrush apparatus comprises a housing, boom, and sprayer head. A fluid to be applied is contained in individual cartridges and is drawn out by a vacuum effect caused by air that is being pumped from the housing across a feed tube which is in fluid communication with the cartridge.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing an ink, including a housing, a reservoir for storing ink within the housing, a feed tube to convey ink communicating with the reservoir, a tip disposed within the feed tube for conveying ink to a substrate at a marking end of the tip, a porous buffer disposed within the housing adjacent the feed tube and configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between the reservoir and the atmosphere, and bubble separation area in the form of either a hole in the feed tube or a hole or passage formed between the feed tube and the tip, is disclosed.

Abstract: A free ink roller ball pen for dispensing low viscosity inks containing pigments that are prone to sedimentation. The instrument contains an ink reservoir chamber, a nib chamber provided with a roller ball socket assembly, a pressure equalization overflow chamber for the low viscosity ink, and a special agitation system for the ink reservoir and nib chamber. The agitation system comprises a weight, with a cross section smaller than the interior of the nib chamber, connected to a wire having a diameter smaller than the back inner diameter of the ball socket assembly. The length of the weight and its confinement are selected to provide for a predetermined stroke, on shaking the pen, that sweeps out the internal space of the nib and also the back of the roller ball assembly, to re-disperse any pigment that has precipitated.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing an ink, including a housing, a reservoir for storing ink within the housing, a feed tube to convey ink communicating with the reservoir, a tip disposed within the feed tube for conveying ink to a substrate at a marking end of the tip, a porous buffer disposed within the housing adjacent the feed tube and configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between the reservoir and the atmosphere, and bubble separation area in the form of either a hole in the feed tube or a hole or passage formed between the feed tube and the tip, is disclosed.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing an ink, including a housing, a reservoir for storing ink within the housing, a feed tube to convey ink communicating with the reservoir, a tip disposed within the feed tube for conveying ink to a substrate at a marking end of the tip, a porous buffer disposed within the housing adjacent the feed tube and configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between the reservoir and the atmosphere, and bubble separation area in the form of either a hole in the feed tube or a hole or passage formed between the feed tube and the tip, is disclosed.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing a fluid is disclosed. The instrument includes a feeder, a passage of reduced capillarity surrounding the feeder for conveying at least one of fluid and air to the reservoir during an increasing pressure differential between air in the reservoir and the atmosphere, a porous buffer configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between air in the reservoir and the atmosphere, and a divider tube separating the buffer and the passage along a majority of the length of the buffer. The fluid and air may enter the feeder through a minor surrounding portion of the buffer during the period of the increasing pressure differential. An ink and air conveyor for use in a free ink marking instrument is also disclosed. A method for compensating for changes in ambient temperature and pressure in a free ink marking instrument is also disclosed.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing an ink, including a housing, a reservoir for storing ink within the housing, a feed tube to convey ink communicating with the reservoir, a tip disposed within the feed tube for conveying ink to a substrate at a marking end of the tip, a porous buffer disposed within the housing adjacent the feed tube and configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between the reservoir and the atmosphere, and bubble separation area in the form of either a hole in the feed tube or a hole or passage formed between the feed tube and the tip, is disclosed.

Abstract: A free ink marking instrument for dispensing a fluid. The instrument includes a feeder, a passage of reduced capillarity surrounding the feeder for conveying at least one of fluid and air to the reservoir during an increasing pressure differential between air in the reservoir and the atmosphere, a porous buffer configured for storing ink during periods of a decreasing pressure differential between air in the reservoir and the atmosphere, and a divider tube separating the buffer and the passage along a majority of the length of the buffer. The fluid and air may enter the feeder through a minor surrounding portion of the buffer during the period of the increasing pressure differential. An ink and air conveyor for use in a free ink marking instrument is also disclosed. A method for compensating for changes in ambient temperature and pressure in a free ink marking instrument is also disclosed.

Abstract: As applied to printer ink cartridges having a collapsible container therein, ink refilling is accomplished through the use of a clamp and filler cartridge assembly wherein a slideable cartridge sealing plug initiates and terminates the refill process, depressurizing the cartridge at refill completion, whereby upon removal of the filling apparatus, the ink jet unit automatically obtains negative pressure. Leakage is thus precluded.

Abstract: A unitary plotter pen construction useful as a disposable plotter pen. A writing tube is provided centrally and at the front end of a unitary hard plastic body element that defines a writing tube nib; a housing for a soft plastic pressure equalization chamber and an ink reservoir; and an adaptor structure for mounting with a plotter head. An axially extending pressure-equalization chamber is defined by soft plastic, lamella vent channel element that is inserted from the rear and axially against inner surfaces of the hard plastic body element. An upper end of the pressure-equalization chamber connects to the ink supply and a lower end connects to ambient air, through an annular cavity at the front end of the unitary body element. That annular cavity also may include transverse capillary spaces as a further protection against ink leakage from the pressure equalization chamber.

Abstract: Improvements in stylographic technical writing pens, particularly through a venting channel design which provides for a pressure balancing, or equalization, between an ultimate ink reservoir pressure and the total pressure at the writing tip; as writing depletes ink within the reservoir. Particularly, a venting channel, extending from the reservoir to ambient air, has the size of its cross-sectional shape vary as a function of the distance from its communication with the reservoir, with the variation calculated to offset gravitational forces attendant to a moving ink meniscus inside the vent channel. The balancing of total pressures also provides a constant ink flow through the writing tip when writing since the total pressure at the tip is maintained constant by the vent channel configuration.