Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for evaluating the control logic of an exoskeleton, wherein the method includes acquiring, by a human modeling module, characteristic data of a human model, acquiring, by a device modeling module, characteristic data of an exoskeleton, verifying, by a controllability determination module, a controllability that represents whether control is performable on a target body motion based on the characteristic data of the human model and the characteristic data of the exoskeleton, performing, by a simulation module, the target body motion based on a result verification of the controllability and acquiring simulation data generated during performance of the target body motion, and analyzing, by a performance evaluation module, the simulation data.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery pack may include a battery cell configured to draw out an electrode tab from an electrode assembly accommodated in a pouch, a protection circuit module (PCM) connected to an electrode tab drawn out to a terrace of the pouch and connected to a printed circuit board (PCB) including a protection circuit through a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The rechargeable battery pack may include top tape configured to surround the protection circuit module and is attached to the battery cell to form a terrace space therein, and a flame retardant coated portion formed by coating a flame retardant coating agent on at least one portion of the protection circuit module exposed to an outside of the top tape.

Abstract: A method performed in an autonomous vehicle for an interaction with a worker is provided. The method includes storing video frames output by capturing an outside of the autonomous vehicle, identifying a command of the worker based on the video frames, controlling a message indicating the command of the worker to be displayed on a display, performing at least one control operation for performing the command of the worker, and controlling a message indicating the at least one control operation to be displayed on the display.

Abstract: An extrinsic calibration method of multiple 3D LiDAR sensors for an autonomous navigation system is proposed, the method including collecting point clouds by each of the multiple 3D LiDAR sensors; extracting multiple target planes corresponding to a plane from the point clouds of each of the 3D LiDAR sensors; by using the target plane of any one of the multiple 3D LiDAR sensors as a reference plane, detecting a corresponding plane from the target planes of each of the remaining of the 3D LiDAR sensors on the basis of a similarity with the reference plane; calculating initial extrinsic parameters for matching between the reference plane and the corresponding plane based on plane parameters of the reference plane and corresponding plane corresponding to each other; and calculating final extrinsic parameters that minimize variance of measurement points for the reference plane and corresponding plane, on the basis of the initial extrinsic parameters.

Abstract: A cleaning device may include a body unit movable along one plane, a first suction unit extending in a first direction and arranged under the body unit, and through which waste is suctionable, a second suction unit extending in the first direction and arranged under the body unit, and through which waste is suctionable, a partition unit extending in the first direction and arranged between the first suction unit and the second suction unit, a roller unit arranged in the first suction unit, extending in the first direction, and arranged to be rotatable around one axis extending in the first direction, a brush extending by a first length from an outer circumferential surface of the roller unit, and a driving unit generating power such that the roller unit rotates around the one axis.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: forming a pattern formation material layer on a substrate; forming a photoresist on the pattern formation material layer; exposing and developing the photoresist to form a photoresist pattern; performing a first deionized water cleaning on the photoresist pattern; cleaning the photoresist pattern with a cleaning solution including a surfactant; and performing a second deionized water cleaning on the photoresist pattern.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) device is described. The RF device includes a first RF switch coupled in series to a first RF port and coupled in parallel to an RF common (RFC) port. The RF device also includes an electrostatic discharge (ESD) dissipation switch coupled to the RF common port. The ESD dissipation switch includes a switch field effect transistor (FET). The switch FET includes a gate on an active layer of a substrate, and a symmetric silicide area block (SAB) on a first sidewall spacer and a second sidewall spacer, opposite the first sidewall spacer, and on a gate surface of the gate, opposite the active layer of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication terminal that communicates wirelessly. The terminal includes: a transceiver; and a processor. The terminal includes a transceiver, and a processor. The processor is configured to receive an Aggregate-MAC Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU) from an originator using the transceiver, and when receiving all MPDUs included in the A-MPDU, transmit to the originator a block ACK (BA) frame signaling that all MPDUs included in the A-MPDU are received without a bitmap indicating whether each MPDU included in the A-MPDU is received.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication terminal that communicates wirelessly. The terminal includes: a transceiver; and a processor. The terminal includes a transceiver, and a processor. The processor is configured to receive an Aggregate-MAC Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU) from an originator using the transceiver, and when receiving all MPDUs included in the A-MPDU, transmit to the originator a block ACK (BA) frame signaling that all MPDUs included in the A-MPDU are received without a bitmap indicating whether each MPDU included in the A-MPDU is received.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a housing; a display; a roller accommodated in the housing to rotate and roll or unroll the display; and a processor configured to in response to receiving a command to display content, control the roller to rotate and unroll the display from the housing so the display is drawn out and extended from the housing, and control the display to display an entire image of the content while simultaneously expanding a size of the entire image of the content as the display is being extended from the housing so a partial portion of the content is not blocked from being viewed as the display is drawn out and extended from the housing.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a substrate and a first electrically insulating layer on the substrate. An electrically conductive contact plug is provided, which extends at least partially through the first electrically insulating layer. The contact plug includes a protrusion having a top surface that is spaced farther from the substrate relative to a top surface of a portion of the first electrically insulating layer extending adjacent the contact plug. An electrically conductive line is provided with a terminal end, which extends on a first portion of the protrusion. A second electrically insulating layer is provided, which extends on a second portion of the protrusion and on the first electrically insulating layer. The second electrically insulating layer has a sidewall, which extends opposite a sidewall of the terminal end of the electrically conductive line.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a substrate, a pair of fin-type active regions protruding from the substrate to define a trench region on the substrate, the fin-type active regions extending in a first lateral direction, a pair of source/drain regions on the fin-type active regions, respectively, a device isolation film in the trench region, the device isolation film apart from the substrate in a vertical direction, an etch stop structure filling at least a portion of the trench region between the substrate and the device isolation film, a via power rail between the pair of fin-type active regions and between the pair of source/drain regions, the via power rail passing through at least a portion of the etch stop structure, and a backside power rail passing through the substrate, the backside power rail in contact with one end of the via power rail.

Abstract: Provided are a device and method for evaluating performance of a wearable muscle enhancement device.

Abstract: A hair dryer including a main body; a fan inside the main body to generate a flow of air; and a nozzle connected to the main body so that the air flows into the nozzle. The nozzle includes a nozzle body having an inner space, a nozzle partition wall inside the nozzle body dividing the inner space into first and second nozzle passages, a plurality of first nozzle holes formed in the nozzle body to communicate with the first nozzle passage, and a plurality of second nozzle holes formed in the nozzle body to communicate with the second nozzle passage. The nozzle is configured so that air flowing into the first nozzle passage is discharged through the first nozzle holes in a first direction, and air flowing into the second nozzle passage is discharged through the second nozzle holes in a second direction that is different from the first direction.

Abstract: A clothes treating apparatus includes: a cabinet; a tub; a drum; a base forming an air flow path including an air inlet and an air outlet; a heat exchanger; a supply duct forming a first supply flow and a second supply flow path; a discharge duct forming a first discharge flow path and a second discharge flow path; a first damper configured to be movable to a first position of opening the first supply flow path and closing the second supply flow path or a second position of closing the first supply flow path and opening the second supply flow path; and a second damper configured to be movable to a third position of opening the first discharge flow path and closing the second discharge flow path or a fourth position of closing the first discharge flow path and opening the second discharge flow path.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus includes: a stage on which is disposed a preliminary stacked body from which a cut stacked body having an edge is formed; a cutting unit movable along a first direction corresponding to an extension direction of the edge of the cut stacked body and with which the preliminary stacked body is cut to form the cut stacked body; a first detaching unit movable in a direction forming an acute angle with the first direction and including a first detaching tool which contacts the cut stacked body in detaching of the cut stacked body from the carrier substrate; and a second detaching unit movable in a direction parallel to the first direction and including a second detaching tool which is inserted between the cut stacked body and the carrier substrate in the detaching of the cut stacked body from the carrier substrate.

Abstract: An electronic device is disclosed, including: a housing including a nonconductive area, a first printed circuit board (PCB) including a cavity and a fill-cut area, overlapping the nonconductive area, a first antenna module including at least one antenna array disposed in the cavity of the first PCB, a support frame coupled to one surface of the first PCB, supporting the first antenna module, a grip sensing pad surrounding the cavity and overlapping the fill-cut area, and a sensing circuit unit electrically connected to the grip sensing pad, configured to control an output power of the first antenna module based on inputs received via the grip sensing pad.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing including a speaker hole, and a speaker module in the housing. The speaker module includes a speaker including a first surface outputting an audio signal, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a third surface connecting the first surface and the second surface. The speaker module includes a first housing including a first portion including a first opening overlapping the first surface when viewed from above and a second portion disposed on the first portion, a second housing attached to the first housing and including a duct extending from the first opening to the speaker hole, a first space extending from the first opening through the duct to the speaker hole, and a second space in the first housing, being disconnected from the first space by the speaker. The second portion is configured to seal the second space.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium metal battery, a lithium metal battery including the same, and a method of preparing the negative electrode are provided. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a protective layer disposed on the negative electrode current collector. The protective layer includes a first protective layer and a second protective layer disposed between the first protective layer and the negative electrode current collector. The first protective layer includes porous nanostructure particles, and the second protective layer includes polar inorganic particles.

Abstract: A federated learning system includes: a central server including a central learning model containing an extractor; and client devices each including a local learning model performing federated learning with the central learning model. The local learning model includes an extractor and a classifier, and the central server transmits state information of the extractor in the central learning model to a client device among the client devices, receives state information of the extractor in the local learning model from the client device, and updates the extractor in the central learning model using the received state information, and the client device uploads the state information to the extractor in the local learning model, trains the extractor and the classifier in the local learning model using individual training data, and transmits state information of the extractor trained in the local learning model to the central server.