Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first active pattern including a first lower pattern and first sheet patterns; a second active pattern including a second lower pattern and second sheet patterns, a height of the second lower pattern being smaller than a height of the first lower pattern; a first gate structure on the first lower pattern; a second gate structure on the second lower pattern; a first source/drain pattern on the first lower pattern and connected to the first sheet patterns; and a second source/drain pattern on the second lower pattern and connected to the second sheet patterns, wherein a width of an upper surface of the first lower pattern is different from a width of an upper surface of the second lower pattern, and wherein a number of first sheet patterns is different from a number of second sheet patterns.

Abstract: Provided is a battery module including a housing having an internal accommodating space and a plurality of battery cells located in the internal accommodating space, wherein the housing includes a welding joint portion in which a first base material of a first alloy and a second base material of a second alloy are welded, the welding joint portion includes a bonding region in which the first base material and the second base material are melt-bonded and a surface region covering the bonding region, and the bonding region and the surface region have different microstructures.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a battery module including a) aligning a first base material and a second base material, which are welding objects and housing members that are combined with each other to form an internal accommodating space in which a plurality of battery cells are accommodated and b) forming a welding joint portion including a bonding region and a surface region covering the bonding region by irradiating a contact surface between the first base material and the second base material with a laser, the bonding region and the surface region forming the welding joint portion having different microstructures due to different thermal history.

Abstract: Provided are a battery module housing welding method capable of solving a problem that a battery cell accommodated therein is damaged due to heat that occurs during welding, and a battery module manufactured thereby, and according to the battery module housing welding method of the present invention, a gap portion formed during assembling of a battery module housing is welded by lasers with different powers and sizes a plurality of times, thereby preventing damage to a battery cell due to high temperatures during welding of the housing.

Abstract: Provided are a battery module and an electrode tab ultrasonic wave welding method. The present invention relates to a battery module and an electrode tab ultrasonic wave welding method by forming the electrode tab in a zigzag form in which the electrode tab extending upwardly is bent downwardly and then, again bent upwardly to allow the electrode tab formed in the zigzag form to absorb vibrations even when a welding portion formed in parallel with a battery cell is fused by ultrasonic wave vibrations, thereby minimizing damage to the battery cell.

Abstract: Provided are a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, and more particularly, a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, in which a plurality of battery cells provided with electrode tabs are assembled to form a module and a voltage measurement portion of a voltage measurement means is welded to the electrode tabs so as to secure stability against vibrations and external shocks, thereby increasing reliability of voltage measurement and the voltage measurement portion is welded to the electrode tabs using the same kind of materials so as to facilitate an operation and improve productivity.

Abstract: Provided are a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, and more particularly, a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, in which a plurality of battery cells provided with electrode tabs are assembled to form a module and a voltage measurement portion of a voltage measurement means is welded to the electrode tabs so as to secure stability against vibrations and external shocks, thereby increasing reliability of voltage measurement and the voltage measurement portion is welded to the electrode tabs using the same kind of materials so as to facilitate an operation and improve productivity.

Abstract: Provided are a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, and more particularly, a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, in which a plurality of battery cells provided with electrode tabs are assembled to form a module and a voltage measurement portion of a voltage measurement means is welded to the electrode tabs so as to secure stability against vibrations and external shocks, thereby increasing reliability of voltage measurement and the voltage measurement portion is welded to the electrode tabs using the same kind of materials so as to facilitate an operation and improve productivity.

Abstract: Provided are a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, and more particularly, a method for welding a battery module and a welded structure, in which a plurality of battery cells provided with electrode tabs are assembled to form a module and a voltage measurement portion of a voltage measurement means is welded to the electrode tabs so as to secure stability against vibrations and external shocks, thereby increasing reliability of voltage measurement and the voltage measurement portion is welded to the electrode tabs using the same kind of materials so as to facilitate an operation and improve productivity.

Abstract: Provided are a battery module and an electrode tab ultrasonic wave welding method. The present invention relates to a battery module and an electrode tab ultrasonic wave welding method by forming the electrode tab in a zigzag form in which the electrode tab extending upwardly is bent downwardly and then, again bent upwardly to allow the electrode tab formed in the zigzag form to absorb vibrations even when a welding portion formed in parallel with a battery cell is fused by ultrasonic wave vibrations, thereby minimizing damage to the battery cell.

Abstract: Carbonyl reductase (CR) of a yeast strain, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and its isolation and purification method thereof is provided. The reduction reaction by the reductase obtained in the present invention is more stereospecific and requires less cost and time than the reduction reactions by the microorganisms or by the reducing enzymes obtained from a chemical synthesis.

Abstract: The invention is a gene coding for a quinone oxidoreductase from Kluyveromyces marxianus and a protein having an amino acid sequence expressed therefrom, which can be advantageously used in a reduction reaction of a quinone compound and synthesis of intermediates for a biologically active compound.

Abstract: There are disclosed a crystal of complex of RRF with a detergent, its crystallization method and a method for identifying an inhibitor for RRF by using the three-dimensional structure of RRF analyzed from the crystal. In the present invention, a crystal of RRF complexed with a detergent is obtained in the presence of the detergent, and the three-dimensional structure of RRF is analyzed from the crystal. There are identified an active site forming hydrophobic cleft and binding site of RRF to A-site of ribosome in the three-dimensional structure of RRF. The three-dimensional structure of RRF, specifically, the active site and binding site can allow an inhibitor for RRF to be designed and identified efficiently. RRF is essential for viability in prokaryotes, but is not essential in eukaryotes. From this fact, the inhibitor for RRF can be used as an antibiotic.

Abstract: The invention is a gene coding for a quinone oxidoreductase from Kluyveromyces marxianus and a protein having an amino acid sequence expressed therefrom, which can be advantageously used in a reduction reaction of a quinone compound and synthesis of intermediates for a biologically active compound.

Abstract: Carbonyl reductase (CR) of a yeast strain, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and its isolation and purification method thereof is provided. The reduction reaction by the reductase obtained in the present invention is more stereospecific and requires less cost and time than the reduction reactions by the microorganisms or by the reducing enzymes obtained from a chemical synthesis.

Abstract: A crystal of E. coli RRF complexed with a detergent is disclosed as well as the three-dimensional structure of the complex as analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The crystallization method and a method for identifying an inhibitor of RRF based on the identified three-dimensional structure is also disclosed. The RRF crystal was obtained in the presence of a detergent, and the three-dimensional structure of RRF was analyzed from this crystal. The active site forming a hydrophobic cleft and the binding site of RRF to the A-site of the ribosome was identified in the three-dimensional structure of RRF. The three-dimensional structure of RRF, and particularly, the active site and binding site can aid in the identification or modeling of an inhibitor for RRF. Because RRF is essential for viability in prokaryotes, but is not essential in eukaryotes the inhibitor can be used as an antibiotic.