Abstract: Embodiments of this specification provide account opening methods, systems, and apparatuses. An example method is performed by a terminal device that includes a trusted execution environment (TEE) and an encryption hardware-based secure element. When it is detected that a current user initiates an account opening request, the terminal device obtains a user public key of the current user in the TEE, and signs a user public key by using a predetermined manufacturer private key, to obtain a user certificate; signs, in the secure element by using a user private key corresponding to the user public key, opening information; generates an opening request in the TEE based on at least the user certificate and signed opening information; and, in the TEE, generates an opening request packet based on the opening request, and sends the opening request packet to a server that opens an account based on the opening request packet.