Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO in an individual by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO in an individual by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO in an individual by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO in an individual by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO in an individual by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: A particular implementation determines objective distortion levels (d,) respectively for a plurality of artifact types. The objective distortion levels are aligned to ensure that the same distortion level of different types of artifacts corresponds to the same perceived distortion level. The aligned distortion levels (d,?) are sorted to obtain sorted distortion levels (d,?). The sorted distortion levels are then pooled together into an overall distortion level or an overall quality metric. The sorted distortion levels may be pooled using a weighted sum, wherein the weight is larger when the sorted distortion level is greater.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the conversion of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and lowering TMAO by providing a composition comprising a compound set forth in Formula (I):

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to automatic detection of video artifacts. The present invention relates to automatically detect out the images with visible artifacts due to STB decoding error based on a generated artificial edge map. In particular, the application teaches a method to detect out the images with the visible artifacts and how to identify artificial edges from texture (natural) edges. The present system identifies that artificial edges are most significant in local area, while texture edges are often together with some other texture edges.

Abstract: Provided herein are activatable and taggable lipid probes, and method of use thereof. In particular, the probes described herein find use in the identification of protein-lipid interactions.

Abstract: Various implementations address distortion and quality measurements related to, for example, freeze-with-skip and/or a freeze-without-skip events. In several implementations, information is accessed indicating that a first and second set of one or more consecutive pictures are not to be displayed. A first and second indicator are determined. In one such implementation, the first and second indicators indicate an amount of distortion across one or more types of distortive effects that result from displaying substantially a first, or second, same picture during a display time for the first, or second, set of pictures. The first and second indicators are combined in a non-linear manner. In another such implementation, the distortion is associated with a given type of distortive effect, from among multiple types of distortive effects, and the first and second indicators are combined for the given type of distortive effect.

Abstract: An image is partitioned into a foreground area, a background area, and optionally a transitional area. The partitioning may be pre-defined, or it may be based on user inputs and configuration data. The partitioning may also be refined based on an initial partitioning. Blur measures are determined respectively for the partitioned areas. A blur measure for the whole image can then be determined from a weighted average of the blur measures for the partitioned areas. The blur measure for the image can be used in a video quality monitor.

Abstract: Various implementations relate to providing a pictorial summary, also referred to as a comic book or a narrative abstraction. In one particular implementation, one or more parameters from a configuration guide are accessed. The configuration guide includes one or more parameters for configuring a pictorial summary of a video. The video is accessed. The pictorial summary for the video is generated. The pictorial summary conforms to the one or more accessed parameters from the configuration guide.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to automatic detection of video artifacts. The present invention relates to automatically detect out the images with visible artifacts due to STB decoding error based on a generated artificial edge map. In particular, the application teaches a method to detect out the images with the visible artifacts and how to identify artificial edges from texture (natural) edges. The present system identifies that artificial edges are most significant in local area, while texture edges are often together with some other texture edges.

Abstract: Various implementations relate to providing a pictorial summary, also referred to as a comic book or a narrative abstraction. In one particular implementation, a first portion in a video is accessed, and a second portion in the video is accessed. A weight for the first portion is determined, and a weight for the second portion is determined. A first number and a second number are determined. The first number identifies how many pictures from the first portion are to be used in a pictorial summary of the video. The first number is one or more, and is determined based on the weight for the first portion. The second number identifies how many pictures from the second portion are to be used in the pictorial summary of the video. The second number is one or more, and is determined based on the weight for the second portion.

Abstract: There are provided a system and method for determining concentration level of a viewer by modeling an extent to which the viewer is at least one of engaged by and interested in displayed video content. The system includes a view status detector for extracting at least one viewer status feature with respect to the displayed video content, a content analyzer for extracting at least one content characteristic feature with respect to the displayed video content, and a feature comparer for comparing the viewer status and content characteristic features as a feature pair, to produce an estimate of a concentration level associated with the feature pair. The system additionally includes a combiner for combining concentration levels for different feature pairs into an overall concentration level of the viewer for the displayed content.

Abstract: A method for processing an image divided into blocks of pixels is described. The method includes detecting a largest sub-block whose pixels have an equal luminance value and identifying if the detected largest sub-block is or is not a natural texture. Thereafter, a weighted luminance difference is calculated between the detected largest sub-block and neighboring pixels and a block blockiness level is determined on the basis of the number of pixels within the detected largest sub-block, of the identification step and of the weighted luminance difference. The image is then processed on the basis of the block blockiness level.

Abstract: When a scene moves homogeneously or fast, human eyes become sensitive to freezing artifacts. To measure the strength of motion homogeneity, a panning homogeneity parameter is estimated to account for isotropic motion vectors, for example, caused by camera panning, tilting, and translation, a zooming homogeneity 5 parameter is estimated for radial symmetric motion vectors, for example, caused by camera zooming, and a rotation homogeneity parameter is estimated for rotational symmetric motion vectors, for example, caused by camera rotation. Subsequently, an overall motion homogeneity parameter is estimate based on the panning, zooming, and rotation homogeneity parameters. A freezing distortion factor can then 10 be estimated using the overall motion homogeneity parameter. The freezing distortion factor, combined with compression and slicing distortion factors, can be used to estimate a video quality metric.

Abstract: An image is partitioned into a foreground area, a background area, and optionally a transitional area. The partitioning may be pre-defined, or it may be based on user inputs and configuration data. The partitioning may also be refined based on an initial partitioning. Blur measures are determined respectively for the partitioned areas. A blur measure for the whole image can then be determined from a weighted average of the blur measures for the partitioned areas. The blur measure for the image can be used in a video quality monitor.

Abstract: Various implementations address distortion and quality measurements. Certain implementations relate to distortions resulting in a freeze-with-skip and/or a freeze-without-skip. In one implementation, a pause term provides an indication of distortion associated with a pause arising from not displaying one or more consecutive pictures that are not to be displayed. A motion term provides an indication of distortion associated with a related change in motion. A combined indicator is based on an addition of the pause term and the motion term. In another particular implementation, a first indicator indicates distortion across one or more types of distortive effects that results from not displaying a first set of pictures. A second indicator indicates corresponding distortion with respect to a second set of pictures. The first indicator and the second indicator are combined in a non-linear manner.

Abstract: A particular implementation determines objective distortion levels (d,) respectively for a plurality of artifact types. The objective distortion levels are aligned to ensure that the same distortion level of different types of artifacts corresponds to the same perceived distortion level. The aligned distortion levels (d,?) are sorted to obtain sorted distortion levels (d,?). The sorted distortion levels are then pooled together into an overall distortion level or an overall quality metric. The sorted distortion levels may be pooled using a weighted sum, wherein the weight is larger when the sorted distortion level is greater.