Abstract: A method for processing an image in Bayer format is provided. The method may include: performing a binning process in a horizontal and/or vertical direction on an image which is to be processed, so that an arrangement mode of pixels in a processed image after binning is the same with that in the image to be processed, wherein the binning process may include: determining a position of an output pixel; selecting, from the image to be processed, a plurality of pixels which have the same color component with that of the output pixel, and calculating a weighted average of the plurality of pixels, so as to obtain a pixel value of the output pixel, wherein the plurality of pixels are selected from particular positions, so that the weighted average of the plurality of pixels can be calculated. According to the present disclosure, quality of image processing can be guaranteed.

Abstract: A polycrystalline ceramic scintillator body includes a ceramic scintillating material comprising an oxide of gadolinium (Gd) and a second rare earth element (Re). The ceramic scintillating material has a composition, expressed in terms of molar percentage of oxide constituents, that includes greater than fifty-five percent (55%) Gd2O3 and a minority percentage of Re2O3. The ceramic scintillating material includes an activator.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing fluorine-containing vinyl ether. The method comprises: carrying out hydrolytic neutralization on a small molecular weight byproduct which is produced in the process of preparing perfluoropolyether or a perfluorinated surfactant by photooxidation of fluorine-containing olefin; and obtaining fluorine-containing vinyl ether by drying and cracking. The byproduct produced in the process of preparing perfluoropolyether or the perfluorinated surfactant is utilized, thereby solving the emission problem of industrial wastes, reducing environment pollution, and generating available fluorine-containing vinyl ether.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method and an apparatus for measuring response curve of an image sensor. The method comprises: taking at least one photograph of a Grey Scale card with an image sensor to be measured, wherein the photograph comprises a plurality of greyscale image blocks; calculating relative exposure values for each greyscale image block respectively corresponding to the greyscale blocks of the Grey Scale card; plotting a plurality of reference points based on pixel values of pixel points within each greyscale image block and the relative exposure values, and executing an interpolation calculation based on the reference points to obtain a response curve of the image sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing fluorine-containing vinyl ether. The method comprises: carrying out hydrolytic neutralization on a small molecular weight byproduct which is produced in the process of preparing perfluoropolyether or a perfluorinated surfactant by photooxidation of fluorine-containing olefin; and obtaining fluorine-containing vinyl ether by drying and cracking. The byproduct produced in the process of preparing perfluoropolyether or the perfluorinated surfactant is utilized, thereby solving the emission problem of industrial wastes, reducing environment pollution, and generating available fluorine-containing vinyl ether.

Abstract: A polycrystalline ceramic scintillator body includes a ceramic scintillating material comprising an oxide of gadolinium (Gd) and a second rare earth element (Re). The ceramic scintillating material has a composition, expressed in terms of molar percentage of oxide constituents, that includes greater than fifty-five percent (55%) Gd2O3 and a minority percentage Of Re2O3. The ceramic scintillating material includes an activator.

Abstract: A scintillation device includes a free-standing ceramic scintillator body that includes a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material comprising a rare earth element, wherein the polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material is characterized substantially by a cation-deficient perovskite structure. A method of producing a free-standing ceramic scintillator body includes preparing a precursor solution including a rare earth element precursor, a hafnium precursor and an activator (Ac) precursor, obtaining a precipitate from the solution, and calcining the precipitate to obtain a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material including a rare earth hafnate doped with the activator and having a cation-deficient perovskite structure.

Abstract: An article, such as a light emitting device, can include a first material and a second material, wherein the first material is capable of emitting first radiation having a first emission maximum at a first wavelength, and the second material is capable of emitting second radiation in response to capturing the first radiation. The second material can have a second emission maximum at a second wavelength within the visible light spectrum. In an embodiment, the second material can be different from the first material. In another embodiment, a difference between the first wavelength and the second wavelength can be at least approximately 70 nm. Additionally, the second material can include a luminescent material having a formula of Gd3(x)Y3(1-x)Al5(y)Ga5(1-y)O12, where x is at least approximately 0.2 and no greater than approximately 0.99 and y is at least approximately 0.05 and no greater than approximately 0.99.

Abstract: A neutron detection apparatus can include a scintillator having a formula of Gd3(1-x)Y3aAl5(1-y)Ga5yO12. In an embodiment, x is at least approximately 0.05 and no greater than approximately 0.5 and y is at least approximately 0.05 and no greater than approximately 0.95. The scintillator can be capable of emitting scintillating light in response to interactions with neutrons. The neutron detection apparatus can also include a photosensor optically coupled to the scintillator.

Abstract: Optical quality doped polycrystalline lutetium aluminum garnet (LuAG) scintillator materials having a transmittance in the visible light spectrum greater than 75% and methods for producing same from aluminum oxide and doped lutetium oxide powders.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator body includes a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material having a substantially cubic crystallographic structure. The polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material has a chemical composition represented by a general formula LU(2-x)GdxO3:Ac, where x is greater than zero and less than two, and where Ac is an activator.

Abstract: A scintillation device includes a ceramic scintillator body that includes a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material comprising gadolinium. The polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material is characterized by a pyrochlore crystallographic structure. A method of producing a ceramic scintillator body includes preparing a precursor solution including a rare earth element precursor, a hafnium precursor, and an activator (Ac) precursor. The method also includes obtaining a precipitate from the solution and calcining the precipitate to produce a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material including the rare earth element, hafnium, and the activator, and having a pyrochlore titrating the precursor solution into the precipitant solution structure.

Abstract: A scintillation device includes a free-standing ceramic scintillator body that includes a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material comprising a rare earth element, wherein the polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material is characterized substantially by a cation-deficient perovskite structure. A method of producing a free-standing ceramic scintillator body includes preparing a precursor solution including a rare earth element precursor, a hafnium precursor and an activator (Ac) precursor, obtaining a precipitate from the solution, and calcining the precipitate to obtain a polycrystalline ceramic scintillating material including a rare earth hafnate doped with the activator and having a cation-deficient perovskite structure.

Abstract: A liquid-vapor separating method and a liquid-vapor separating type evaporator, the method includes the following steps: (i) provide a partition device (3) in the upper portion of the evaporated liquid pipe, the partition device (3) divides the evaporated liquid pipe into a superheating section (12) and an evaporating section (13); (ii) a liquid-vapor separating pipe (4) is connected to the superheating section (12) near the partition device (3), an evaporated liquid feeding pipe (6) is connected to the evaporating section (13) near the partition device (3), several vapor guiding pipes (5) are respectively provided in the pipe of the evaporating section (13), the vapor guiding pipes (5) are respectively connected with the liquid-vapor separating pipe (4); vapor inside the pipe can flow out, and is separated into vapor and liquid in the liquid-vapor separating pipe (4), then the vapor enters the superheating section (12) and is superheated; the superheated vapor is discharged from a vapor outlet (11); (iii) th