Abstract: A method of decoding a syntax element for a current coding unit of video data is performed by an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus identifies, for the current coding unit, an above coding unit and a coding tree unit including the current coding unit. After determining that the above coding unit is within the coding tree unit, the electronic apparatus decodes, from a video bitstream, a corresponding syntax element for the current coding unit based, at least in part, on a syntax element associated with the above coding unit retrieved from a line buffer associated with the coding tree unit; otherwise, the electronic apparatus decodes, from the video bitstream, the corresponding syntax element for the current coding unit based, at least in part, on a default value assigned to the syntax element associated with the above coding unit.

Abstract: A digital magazine identifies content items for recommendation to a user by determining the address information of one or more content items. The address information of a content item identifies a source from which the content item was received and additional information describing the content item. Representations of content items are generated from the address information for each content item. Additionally, representations of content items previously presented to the user are generated from the address information for the previously presented content items. A measure of similarity between a representation of a content item and a representation of a previously presented content item is determined and used to select content items to present to the user.

Abstract: A digital magazine server determines a quality score for content items receiving less than a threshold amount of interactions from digital magazine server users. A distribution of quality scores for a content item is determined from quality scores of content items having one or more characteristics matching characteristics of the content item. As users interact with a content item, the distribution of quality scores is modified to reflect the received interaction. The digital magazine server may use the distribution for a content item to determine a quality score for the content item having a specified confidence or the confidence of the content item having a specified quality score.

Abstract: A digital magazine identifies content items for recommendation to a user by determining the address information of one or more content items. The address information of a content item identifies a source from which the content item was received and additional information describing the content item. Representations of content items are generated from the address information for each content item. Additionally, representations of content items previously presented to the user are generated from the address information for the previously presented content items. A measure of similarity between a representation of a content item and a representation of a previously presented content item is determined and used to select content items to present to the user.