Abstract: An electric off-road vehicle includes a drive assembly including an electric motor; wheels including front wheels and rear wheels; a frame assembly on which the electric motor arranged; a battery pack providing electric energy for the electric motor; and a drive train including a drive axle assembly and a drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected between the electric motor and the drive axle assembly. The electric motor transmits a torque to at least part of the drive axle assembly through the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is positioned below the battery pack.

Abstract: An off-road vehicle includes a frame; front and rear wheels; a front suspension assembly; a front torsion bar assembly, a rear suspension assembly and a rear torsion bar assembly. The front suspension assembly comprises a front lower rocker arm, a front upper rocker arm, and a front wheel shaft support assembly mounted between the front lower and the front upper rocker arms. The front torsion bar assembly is located above the front upper rocker arm, and is movably connected to the front upper rocker arm. The rear suspension assembly comprises a rear lower rocker arm, a rear upper rocker arm, a control arm assembly, and a rear wheel shaft support assembly mounted between the rear lower and rear upper rocker arms. The rear torsion bar assembly is located between the rear upper and lower rocker arms, and is movably connected to the rear upper rocker arm.

Abstract: A swing arm type suspension for a rear wheel of an off road vehicle can use two or three tie rods to control toe-in of the knuckle. The rear end of the swing arm is split between an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm defining an eye, with the knuckle connected to the upper and lower clamping arms by joint bearings, and with either the transmission shaft or one of the tie rods extending through the eye of the swing arm to the knuckle. The front of the swing arm can be connected to the vehicle frame using a cross-shaft joint. Camber, toe-in and half-track width are controlled to result in a smaller turning radius with better ride characteristics.

Abstract: A swing arm type suspension for a rear wheel of an off road vehicle can use two or three tie rods to control toe-in of the knuckle. The rear end of the swing arm is split between an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm defining an eye, with the knuckle connected to the upper and lower clamping arms by joint bearings, and with either the transmission shaft or one of the tie rods extending through the eye of the swing arm to the knuckle. The front of the swing arm can be connected to the vehicle frame using a cross-shaft joint. Camber, toe-in and half-track width are controlled to result in a smaller turning radius with better ride characteristics.

Abstract: A swing arm type suspension for a rear wheel of an off road vehicle can use two or three tie rods to control toe-in of the knuckle. The rear end of the swing arm is split between an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm defining an eye, with the knuckle connected to the upper and lower clamping arms by joint bearings, and with either the transmission shaft or one of the tie rods extending through the eye of the swing arm to the knuckle. The front of the swing arm can be connected to the vehicle frame using a cross-shaft joint. Camber, toe-in and half-track width are controlled to result in a smaller turning radius with better ride characteristics.

Abstract: A bearing device includes two co-axially arranged radial spherical bearings and can be used for mounting a pivoting swing arm of a vehicle suspension to a vehicle frame. By using the two radial spherical bearings together the pivot attachment only has a single degree of freedom. The radial spherical bearings are positioned against shoulders in a sleeve of the swing arm and around a spacer sleeve. One or more lubricant grooves are formed at the sliding interface of the bearings. A bushing with a lip holds a lubricant seal for each bearing, and a dust cover protects each lubricant seal. A pivot pin rod is inserted through openings in the vehicle frame and through the two bearings and other components, and is tightened in place such as with a nut.

Abstract: A bearing device includes two co-axially arranged radial spherical bearings and can be used for mounting a pivoting swing arm of a vehicle suspension to a vehicle frame. By using the two radial spherical bearings together the pivot attachment only has a single degree of freedom. The radial spherical bearings are positioned against shoulders in a sleeve of the swing arm and around a spacer sleeve. One or more lubricant grooves are formed at the sliding interface of the bearings. A bushing with a lip holds a lubricant seal for each bearing, and a dust cover protects each lubricant seal. A pivot pin rod is inserted through openings in the vehicle frame and through the two bearings and other components, and is tightened in place such as with a nut.

Abstract: A swing arm type suspension for a rear wheel of an off road vehicle can use two or three tie rods to control toe-in of the knuckle. The rear end of the swing arm is split between an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm defining an eye, with the knuckle connected to the upper and lower clamping arms by joint bearings, and with either the transmission shaft or one of the tie rods extending through the eye of the swing arm to the knuckle. The front of the swing arm can be connected to the vehicle frame using a cross-shaft joint. Camber, toe-in and half-track width are controlled to result in a smaller turning radius with better ride characteristics.