Abstract: An apparatus of salt cavern gas storage without cushion gas includes: a salt cavern; sediments; a drainage assembly; a gas injection and production pipe; a debrining string, one end of which is connected to the drainage assembly, and the other end of which protrudes from the ground to be connected to a water source assembly; a communicating assembly, which is used to make the gas injection and production pipe be in communication with the debrining string on the ground. A closed loop is formed by making the gas injection and production pipe and the debrining string be in communication with each other on the ground through the communicating assembly, thus the non-cushion gas injection-production operation of sediment particles in the salt cavern is realized.

Abstract: A manifold pressure damping assembly that includes one or more closed volumes coupled in flow communication with a manifold through one or more flow restrictors is provided.

Abstract: A manifold pressure damping assembly that includes one or more closed volumes coupled in flow communication with a manifold through one or more flow restrictors is provided.

Abstract: A compression ignition engine (10) has a control system (24) for processing data, one or more cylinders (16), a fueling system (18), and a variable valve actuation mechanism (20). Control system (24) develops both fueling data for fueling the engine and timing data representing time during the engine cycle for intake valve closure to a cylinder that will endow the cylinder with an effective compression ratio (ECR) appropriate to current engine operation for causing auto-ignition to occur near or at top dead center in the engine cycle. During a compression upstroke, the cylinder is fueled according to the fueling data and intake valve closure for the cylinder is performed according to the timing data. This creates an air-fuel mixture that is increasingly compressed to the point of auto-ignition near or at top dead center.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a needle valve of a spring closing type fuel injector includes a fluid assist selectively exerting a force on the needle valve, the force acting in cooperation with a bias exerted by a return spring on the needle valve to effect a relatively low valve opening pressure of the needle valve and relatively very high valve closing pressure. A spring closing type fuel injector and a method for controlling a needle valve of a spring closing type fuel injector are further included.

Abstract: An actuator rail assembly for conveying an actuating fluid under pressure to at least one fuel injector includes an elongate fluid passageway (18) being defined in a rail (12). A fluid inlet port (31) is in fluid communication with the fluid passageway (18), the inlet port being fluidly couplable to a source of actuating fluid under pressure. A respective fluid outlet port is associated with each respective fuel injector and being fluidly couplable thereto for conveying actuating fluid to the respective fuel injector and at least one fluid cavity (16) having at least one throttling orifice (14), the orifice effecting fluid communication between the fluid cavity (16) and the fluid passageway (18). An acoustic wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: An actuator rail assembly for conveying an actuating fluid under pressure to at least one fuel injector, include an elongate fluid passageway being defined in a rail. A fluid inlet port is in fluid communication with the fluid passageway, the inlet port being fluidly couplable to a source of actuating fluid under pressure. A respective fluid outlet port is associated with each respective fuel injector and being fluidly couplable thereto for conveying actuating fluid to the respective fuel injector; and at least one fluid cavity having at least one throttling orifice, the orifice effecting fluid communication between the fluid cavity and the fluid passageway. An acoustic wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: An actuator rail assembly for conveying an actuating fluid under pressure to at least one fuel injector includes an elongate fluid passageway (18) being defined in a rail (12). A fluid inlet port (31) is in fluid communication with the fluid passageway (18), the inlet port being fluidly couplable to a source of actuating fluid under pressure. A respective fluid outlet port is associated with each respective fuel injector and being fluidly couplable thereto for conveying actuating fluid to the respective fuel injector and at least one fluid cavity (16) having at least one throttling orifice (14), the orifice effecting fluid communication between the fluid cavity (16) and the fluid passageway (18). An acoustic wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: A mechanical oscillator for attenuating pressure waves formed in a rail having a volume of fluid therein includes a rigid enclosed fluid cavity having a selected volume, the volume communicating with the rail actuating fluid though an orifice having a select volume for containing actuating fluid, the orifice having an aperture in fluid communication with the actuating fluid selected such that when an pressure wave impinges on the aperture of the orifice, the motion of the actuating fluid in the volume of the orifice is set to vibrating, the vibrating acting to excite the actuating fluid within the enclosed volume, a resulting amplified motion of the actuating fluid in the orifice, due to phase cancellation between the actuating fluid in the volume of the orifice and the actuating fluid volume in the enclosed cavity, causing energy absorption of the pressure wave due to frictional drag in and around the orifice. An pressure wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a needle valve of a spring closing type fuel injector includes a fluid assist selectively exerting a force on the needle valve, the force acting in cooperation with a bias exerted by a return spring on the needle valve to effect a relatively low valve opening pressure of the needle valve and relatively very high valve closing pressure. A spring closing type fuel injector and a method for controlling a needle valve of a spring closing type fuel injector are further included.

Abstract: A mechanical oscillator for attenuating pressure waves formed in a rail having a volume of fluid therein includes a rigid enclosed fluid cavity having a selected volume, the volume communicating with the rail actuating fluid though an orifice having a select volume for containing actuating fluid, the orifice having an aperture in fluid communication with the actuating fluid selected such that when an pressure wave impinges on the aperture of the orifice, the motion of the actuating fluid in the volume of the orifice is set to vibrating, the vibrating acting to excite the actuating fluid within the enclosed volume, a resulting amplified motion of the actuating fluid in the orifice, due to phase cancellation between the actuating fluid in the volume of the orifice and the actuating fluid volume in the enclosed cavity, causing energy absorption of the pressure wave due to frictional drag in and around the orifice. An pressure wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: An actuator rail assembly for conveying an actuating fluid under pressure to at least one fuel injector, include an elongate fluid passageway being defined in a rail. A fluid inlet port is in fluid communication with the fluid passageway, the inlet port being fluidly couplable to a source of actuating fluid under pressure. A respective fluid outlet port is associated with each respective fuel injector and being fluidly couplable thereto for conveying actuating fluid to the respective fuel injector; and at least one fluid cavity having at least one throttling orifice, the orifice effecting fluid communication between the fluid cavity and the fluid passageway. An acoustic wave attenuator and a method of attenuation are also included.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a spool control valve, a plunger which moves in a fuel pressure chamber between retracted and full stroke positions. The fuel injector may include a spill port for spilling fuel from the fuel pressure chamber, the spill port being open at the start and closed by the translating motion of the plunger to delay the start of injection. The fuel injector chamber may further include a control port which is closed at the start of plunger motion and is opened by the plunger to connect the pressure chamber to a needle back chamber to bias the needle valve closed. The needle back chamber becomes isolated from the pressure chamber by further movement of the plunger and includes a pressure control passage to allow the pressure therein to decay upon control port closure, thereby effecting split injection or rate shaping.

Abstract: A connector assembly and the actuating system including the connector assembly, the connector assembly for fluidly coupling an actuating fluid rail to a fuel injector, the actuating fluid rail conveying a quantity of actuating fluid, the fuel injector having an actuating fluid inlet, the connector assembly includes a check valve operably disposed in a connecting member for controlling the flow of actuating fluid between the actuating fluid rail and the fuel injector. The connecting member has a fluid passageway defined therein, the fluid passageway being in fluid communication with the actuating fluid rail and the fuel injector actuating fluid inlet. A method of minimizing negative pressure effects caused by operation of a fuel injector on the actuating fluid in an actuating fluid rail and a method of providing a high pressure actuating fluid flow from a high pressure pump to a plurality of fuel injectors of a diesel engine are further included.

Abstract: A delay device for use with a fuel injector, the fuel injector having an electric controller for controlling the flow of a high pressure actuating fluid responsive to initiation and cessation of a pulse width command, the pulse width command defining the duration of an injection event, and an intensifier being in fluid communication with the controller, the intensifier being translatable to increase the pressure of a volume of fuel for injection into the combustion chamber of an engine; the delay device includes an apparatus, shiftable between a first disposition and a second disposition over a certain period of time after initiation of the pulse width command, the period of time effecting a delay in initiation of fuel injection after initiation of the pulse width command. A fuel injector including a delay device.

Abstract: A fuel injector including a delay device, the fuel injector having an electric controller for controlling the flow of a high pressure actuating fluid responsive to initiation and cessation of a pulse width command, the pulse width command defining the duration of an injection event, and an intensifier being in fluid communication with the controller, the intensifier being translatable to increase the pressure of a volume of fuel for injection into the combustion chamber of an engine; the delay device includes an apparatus, shiftable between a first disposition and a second disposition over a certain period of time after initiation of the pulse width command, the period of time effecting a delay in initiation of fuel injection after initiation of the pulse width command. In one embodiment, a bias against shifting the apparatus from said first disposition to the second disposition is effected by the actuating fluid to reduce variations in the delay period under variable actuating pressure conditions.

Abstract: A fuel injection event controller for a fuel injection nozzle includes a hydraulic lock device for selectively restricting the translatory opening of a fuel injection nozzle needle valve, the needle valve delivering a quantity of a fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Methods of effecting rate shaping of the injection charge and of providing a two stage injection event are included.