Abstract: The solar cell according to the present disclosure includes a substrate and a plurality of grid lines. A plurality of recess sets arranged at intervals in a first direction are formed on a surface of the substrate, and each of the plurality of grid lines is formed in a region defined by a respective recess set. Each of the plurality of recess sets includes a plurality of recesses arranged at intervals in the second direction, and 0<d<4L, d refers to a distance between adjacent recesses in the second direction, and L refers to a maximum dimension of a recess. Each of the plurality of grid lines includes a first plating layer including portions formed on the surface of the substrate and extension portions each formed in a respective recess, and each of the extension portions is in contact with the substrate through the recess.

Abstract: A pixel circuit and a driving method therefor, a display substrate, and a display apparatus. The pixel circuit includes a driving sub circuit, a data writing sub circuit, a first light-emitting control sub circuit, a first reset sub circuit, and a bias sub circuit; the first reset sub circuit is connected to a first node and configured to write a first reset voltage to the first node in response to a first reset control signal; and the bias sub circuit is connected to a second node and configured to write a reference voltage to the second node in response to a bias control signal, thereby turning on the driving sub circuit.

Abstract: The solar cell includes: a substrate; a tunneling dielectric layer located on the first surface of the substrate; multiple doped conductive layers, where the multiple doped conductive layers are located on a surface of the tunneling dielectric layer away from the substrate, and are disposed at intervals; multiple first electrodes, where the multiple first electrodes are disposed at intervals, extend along a first direction, are arranged on a side of the multiple doped conductive layers away from the substrate, and are electrically connected to the multiple doped conductive layers; at least one conductive transport layer, where the at least one conductive transport layer is located between every two adjacent doped conductive layers in the multiple doped conductive layers, and is in contact with a side surface of the multiple doped conductive layers.

Abstract: In the pixel circuit, the data writing-in circuit is configured to control to connect the data line and the second terminal of the driving circuit under the control of a first scanning signal provided by the first scanning line; the compensation control circuit is configured to control to connect the first terminal of the driving circuit and the connection node under the control of a second scanning signal provided by the second scanning line; the first control circuit is configured to control to connect the control terminal of the driving circuit and the connection node under the control of the first scanning signal.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate and a passivation layer on the substrate. The passivation layer includes first portions and second portions interleaved with each other in a direction perpendicular to a normal of the first surface of the substrate. The first and second portions are doped with a same type of doping elements, each second portion has a reference surface away from the substrate, a doping concentration of doping elements in a second portion gradually decreases in a direction from a center of the reference surface toward an adjacent first portion and in a direction from the center of the reference surface toward the substrate, and a doping concentration of doping elements in the first portion is less than or equal to a minimum doping concentration of doping elements in the second portion.

Abstract: Provided is a photovoltaic module, including: a substrate, at least one solar cell string and a packaging portion, wherein a bottom of the packaging portion has a packaging slot, the substrate and the at least one solar cell string are arranged in the packaging slot, the at least one solar cell string is arranged on a top surface of the substrate, a packaging gap is formed between a side surface of the substrate and a side surface of the packaging slot, a first packaging layer is arranged in the packaging gap, and the first packaging layer is configured to seal the packaging gap.

Abstract: This application provides a battery protection circuit, a battery protection board, a battery, and a terminal device. The battery protection circuit includes: a first detection unit; a second detection unit; and a current detection element, a first switch unit, and a second switch unit that are configured to connect to an electrochemical cell in series, to form a charging loop or a discharging loop. The first detection unit corresponds to the first switch unit, and the second detection unit corresponds to the second switch unit. Each detection unit controls, based on a detected voltage at two ends of the same current detection element, a corresponding switch unit to be closed or opened, so as to control the loop to be closed or opened.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a solar cell and a method for producing same. The solar cell includes: a substrate; a first passivation film, an anti-reflection layer and at least one first electrode formed on a front surface of the substrate; and a tunneling layer, a field passivation layer and at least one second electrode formed on a rear surface. The field passivation layer includes a first field passivation sub-layer and a second field passivation sub-layer; a conductivity of the first field passivation sub-layer is greater than a conductivity of the second field passivation sub-layer, and a thickness of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than a thickness of the first field passivation sub-layer; either the at least one first electrode or the at least one second electrode includes a silver electrode, a conductive adhesive and an electrode film that are sequentially formed in a direction away from the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes a silicon substrate, and the silicon substrate includes a front surface and a back surface arranged opposite to each other. P-type conductive regions and N-type conductive regions are alternately arranged on the back surface of the silicon substrate. Front surface field regions are located on the front surface of the silicon substrate and spaced from each other. The front surface field regions each corresponds to one of the P-type conductive regions or one of the N-type conductive regions. At least one front passivation layer is located on the front surface of the silicon substrate. At least one back passivation layer is located on surfaces of the P-type conductive regions and N-type conductive regions.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the disclosure provide an air intake bypass recirculation structure with adjustable air entraining amount and controllable broadband noise which includes main body of the air intake bypass recirculation structure and an air entraining amount adjusting structure. In some examples, an air intake bypass recirculation cavity is formed in the main body of the air intake bypass recirculation structure. An air inlet of an air intake pipe and an air outlet of the air intake pipe are formed in two ends of the main body of the air intake bypass recirculation structure respectively. An airflow inlet of the air intake bypass recirculation structure and an airflow outlet of the air intake bypass recirculation structure are formed in the inner side of the main body of the air intake bypass recirculation structure. The air entraining amount adjusting structure is arranged in the air intake bypass recirculation cavity.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate, a doped layer, a tunneling dielectric layer, doped conductive layers, first electrodes, and conductive transport layers. A doping concentration of the doped layer is greater than that of the substrate. The doped layer includes first doped regions, second doped regions and third doped regions. A doping concentration of each first doped region is less than that of each second doped region and that of each third doped region. The tunneling dielectric layer is disposed on the first and second doped regions. Each doped conductive layer is aligned with a first doped region and is disposed on a tunneling dielectric layer. Each first electrode is disposed on and electrically connected to the doped conductive layer. Each conductive transport layer is aligned with a second doped region and is disposed on the tunneling dielectric layer.

Abstract: Aspect pre-selection techniques using machine learning are described. In one example, an artificial assistant system is configured to implement a chat bot. A user then engages in a first natural-language conversation. As part of this first natural-language conversation, a communication is generated by the chat bot to prompt the user to specify an aspect of a category that is a subject of a first natural-language conversation and user data is received in response. Data that describes this first natural-language conversation is used to train a model using machine learning. Data is then received by the chat bot as part of a second natural-language conversation. This data, from the second natural-language conversation, is processed using the model as part of machine learning to generate the second search query to include the aspect of the category automatically and without user intervention.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relates to the field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface; a first tunnel layer and a first doped conductive layer sequentially formed over the front surface of the substrate, the first tunnel layer and the first doped conductive layer are each aligned with a metal pattern region on the front surface; and a second tunnel layer and a second doped conductive layer sequentially formed over the rear surface of the substrate, and in a respective Raman spectrum, a full width at half maximum corresponding to the first doped conductive layer is not greater than a full width at half maximum corresponding to the second doped conductive layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate having a front surface with metal and non-metal pattern regions, first and second pyramid structures in each metal pattern region, third and fourth pyramid structures in each non-metal pattern region, a first tunneling layer and a first doped conductive layer on a portion of the front surface in a respective metal pattern region, and a second tunneling layer and a second doped conductive layer on a rear surface of the substrate. A dimension of a bottom portion of each first pyramid structure is greater than that of each second pyramid structure. A dimension of a bottom portion of each third pyramid structure is greater than that of each fourth pyramid structure. An area proportion of the first pyramid structures in the metal pattern region is greater than that of the third pyramid structures in a respective non-metal pattern region.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate having a front surface with metal and non-metal pattern regions, first and second pyramid structures in each metal pattern region, third and fourth pyramid structures in each non-metal pattern region, a first tunneling layer and a first doped conductive layer on a portion of the front surface in a respective metal pattern region, and a second tunneling layer and a second doped conductive layer on a rear surface of the substrate. A dimension of a bottom portion of each first pyramid structure is greater than that of each second pyramid structure. A dimension of a bottom portion of each third pyramid structure is greater than that of each fourth pyramid structure. An area proportion of the first pyramid structures in the metal pattern region is greater than that of the third pyramid structures in a respective non-metal pattern region.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, and computer readable media for determining a position of a tracking device. The tracking device includes a vision sensor and an inertial sensor. A first position of the tracking device in relative to a reference marker is obtained based on an image of the reference marker that is collected by the vison sensor. A second position of the tracking device in relative to the first position is obtained by the inertial sensor after a movement of the tracking device. A position of the tracking device in relative to the reference marker is determined based on the first and second positions.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate having a front surface with metal pattern regions and a rear surface, first pyramid structures in each metal pattern region, platform protrusion structures on the rear surface, a first tunneling layer and a first doped conductive layer on a portion of the front surface in a respective metal pattern region, and a second tunneling layer and a second doped conductive layer on the rear surface. A height of each first pyramid structure is greater than that of each platform protrusion structure. A one-dimensional dimension of a bottom portion of each first pyramid structure is less than that of each platform protrusion structure. A doping element type of the first doped conductive layer is the same as that of the substrate. A doping element type of the second doped conductive layer is different from that of the first doped conductive layer.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a semiconductor substrate, in which a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate having a first texture structure, the first texture structure includes two or more first substructures at least partially stacked on one another, and in a direction away from the rear surface and perpendicular to the rear surface, a distance between a top surface of an outermost first substructure and a top surface of an adjacent first substructure being less than or equal to 2 ?m; a first passivation layer located on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate; a tunnel oxide layer located on the first texture structure; a doped conductive layer located on a surface of the tunnel oxide layer; and a second passivation layer located on a surface of the doped conductive layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate having a front surface with metal and non-metal pattern regions, first and second pyramid structures in each metal pattern region, third and fourth pyramid structures in each non-metal pattern region, a first tunneling layer and a first doped conductive layer on a portion of the front surface in a respective metal pattern region, and a second tunneling layer and a second doped conductive layer on a rear surface of the substrate. A dimension of a bottom portion of each first pyramid structure is greater than that of each second pyramid structure. A dimension of a bottom portion of each third pyramid structure is greater than that of each fourth pyramid structure. An area proportion of the first pyramid structures in the metal pattern region is greater than that of the third pyramid structures in a respective non-metal pattern region.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a bottom cell, a perovskite top cell, an inter layer between the bottom cell and the perovskite top cell, and a back electrode located on a back surface of the bottom cell. The perovskite top cell includes a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer, and a conductive structure stacked sequentially. The conductive structure includes at least one stack each including a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer located between the first conductive layer and the electron transport layer. The first conductive layer includes a first transparent conductive film. The second conductive layer includes a metal conductive film in a metallization region and a second transparent conductive film in a non-metallization region.