Abstract: Content-based retrieval of digital pathology images (DPI) is a fundamental component in an intelligent DPI processing and management system. The fundamental procedure of the retrieval is evaluating the similarity between the query image and every image in the database with some distance function, and sorting of the latter based on their distances to the query. A novel approach to optimally combine a set of existing distance functions into a stronger distance that is suitable for retrieving DPI in a way respecting human perception of image similarity is described herein.

Abstract: A manifold-aware ranking kernel (MARK) for information retrieval is described herein. The MARK is implemented by using supervised and unsupervised learning. MARK is ranking-oriented such that the relative comparison formulation directly targets on the ranking problem, making the approach optimal for information retrieval. MARK is also manifold-aware such that the algorithm is able to exploit information from ample unlabeled data, which helps to improve generalization performance, particularly when there are limited number of labeled constraints. MARK is nonlinear: as a kernel-based approach, the algorithm is able to lead to a highly non-linear metric which is able to model complicated data distribution.

Abstract: Content-based retrieval of digital pathology images (DPI) is a fundamental component in an intelligent DPI processing and management system. One key issue of content-based DPI retrieval is how to represent an image as a feature vector, capturing its key information that is most relevant to the goal of retrieval. A unified framework of extracting information of different levels for DPI, namely low level color information, middle level texture information and high level diagnostic information is described herein. Such information from all the levels are integrated to the end of content-based DPI retrieval.

Abstract: For digital pathology imaging, intelligent processing, such as automatic recognition or content-based retrieval, is one significant benefit that drives the wide application of this technology. Before any intelligent processing on pathology images, every image is converted into a feature vector which quantitatively capture its visual characteristics. An algorithm characterizing pathology images with statistical analysis of local responses of neural networks is described herein. The algorithm framework enables extracting sophisticated textural features that are well adapted to the image data of interest.

Abstract: Provided are a single cell classification method, a gene screening method and a device for implementing the method.

Abstract: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) enables the detection of specific DNA sequences in cell chromosomes by the use of selective staining. Due to the high sensitivity, FISH allows the use of multiple colors to detect multiple targets simultaneously. The target signals are represented as colored dots, and enumeration of these signals is called dot counting. Using a two-stage segmentation framework guarantees locating all potential dots including overlapped dots.

Abstract: An entropy decoding apparatus may include a data structure stored in memory. The data structure may include a decoding engine vector or context engine vector. The decoding engine vector many have a first set of bits representing a value corresponding to a state of a coding engine, a second set of bits representing an offset value, and a third set of bits representing the contents of an input stream buffer. The context vector may have a first set of bits representing an addresses of a context most probable state, a second set of bits representing a plurality of possible values corresponding to a least probable symbol state of a coding engine, a third set of bits representing an addresses of a context least probable state, a fourth set of bits representing a binary most probable symbol value, and a fifth set of bits representing a binary least probable symbol value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the assembled result of sequencing data using a genetic map. In particular, provided in the present invention is a new method for assembling individual sequenced segments, which comprises the step of constructing the genetic map with a genetic marker. Furthermore, also provided in the present invention is a method for assembling the individual sequenced segments into a genome sequence, such as a chromosome sequence.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a genome of a single cell is provided, and a kit is also provided. The method for analyzing the genome of the single cell may comprise separating and lysing the single cell to obtain a whole-genome DNA of the cell; subjecting the whole-genome DNA to a whole-genome amplification to obtain a whole-genome amplification product; performing a PCR amplification using the whole-genome amplification product as template and using housekeeping-gene-specific primers to detect the housekeeping gene of the whole-genome amplification product; and determining whether the whole genome amplification product meets a requirement for sequencing based on the detection result, wherein a uniform distribution of the amplification product in each chromosome is an indication of the amplification product meeting the requirement for sequencing.

Abstract: An interactive segmentation framework for 3-D teeth CT volumetric data enables a user to segment an entire dental region or individual teeth depending upon the types of user input. Graph cuts-based interactive segmentation utilizes a user's scribbles which are collected on several 2-D representative CT slices and are expanded on those slices. Then, a 3-D distance transform is applied to the entire CT volume based on the expanded scribbles. Bony tissue enhancement is added before feeding 3-D CT raw image data into the graph cuts pipeline. The segmented teeth area is able to be directly utilized to reconstruct a 3-D virtual teeth model.

Abstract: An interactive segmentation framework for 3-D teeth CT volumetric data enables a user to segment an entire dental region or individual teeth depending upon the types of user input. Graph cuts-based interactive segmentation utilizes a user's scribbles which are collected on several 2-D representative CT slices and are expanded on those slices. Then, a 3-D distance transform is applied to the entire CT volume based on the expanded scribbles. Bony tissue enhancement is added before feeding 3-D CT raw image data into the graph cuts pipeline. The segmented teeth area is able to be directly utilized to reconstruct a 3-D virtual teeth model.

Abstract: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) enables the detection of specific DNA sequences in cell chromosomes by the use of selective staining. Due to the high sensitivity, FISH allows the use of multiple colors to detect multiple targets simultaneously. The target signals are represented as colored dots, and enumeration of these signals is called dot counting. Using a two-stage segmentation framework guarantees locating all potential dots including overlapped dots.

Abstract: An integrated interactive segmentation with spatial constraint method utilizes a combination of several of the most popular online learning algorithms into one and implements a spatial constraint which defines a valid mask local to the user's given marks. Additionally, both supervised learning and statistical analysis are integrated, which are able to compensate each other. Once prediction and activation are obtained, pixel-wised multiplication is conducted to fully indicate how likely each pixel belongs to the foreground or background.

Abstract: Provided is a polypeptide having angiogenesis inhibiting activity. The polypeptide is derived from Placenta Growth Factor-1. Also provided are a derivative polypeptide of the polypeptide, a preparation method for polypeptide, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the polypeptide.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing a superpixel image segmentation technique using a boundary preserving distance metric are disclosed. The disclosed technique segments a digital image into superpixels comprising contiguous pixel regions sharing similar characteristics. Superpixel image segmentation techniques presented herein utilize a boundary preserving distance metric. A boundary preserving distance metric presented herein measures the similarity between two pixels of a digital image at least partially based on a boundary probability values of the two pixels and surrounding pixels.

Abstract: Method of receipt digitizing is disclosed. Retail customers create digital copies of paper receipts with a kiosk system before they leave. The digital copies are sent to customers' online space. This low cost method benefits customers with a centralized and organized means of keeping their receipts, and provides retailers a better way of delivering promotion information to relevant recipients. The solution is also good to the environment because it cuts coupon printing and increases awareness of the convenience of digital receipts. This awareness will eventually lead to the final phase out of paper receipt printing.

Abstract: An entropy decoding apparatus may include a data structure stored in memory. The data structure may include a decoding engine vector or context engine vector. The decoding engine vector many have a first set of bits representing a value corresponding to a state of a coding engine, a second set of bits representing an offset value, and a third set of bits representing the contents of an input stream buffer. The context vector may have a first set of bits representing an addresses of a context most probable state, a second set of bits representing a plurality of possible values corresponding to a least probable symbol state of a coding engine, a third set of bits representing an addresses of a context least probable state, a fourth set of bits representing a binary most probable symbol value, and a fifth set of bits representing a binary least probable symbol value.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing a superpixel image segmentation technique using a boundary preserving distance metric are disclosed. The disclosed technique segments a digital image into superpixels comprising contiguous pixel regions sharing similar characteristics. Superpixel image segmentation techniques presented herein utilize a boundary preserving distance metric. A boundary preserving distance metric presented herein measures the similarity between two pixels of a digital image at least partially based on a boundary probability values of the two pixels and surrounding pixels.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for entropy decoding are disclosed. Compressed input data representing one or more signals is loaded into one or more registers. A first candidate value for a most probable signal case is prepared from the input data. A second candidate value for a least probable signal case is prepared from the input data. A final signal value for the one or more signals is selected from the first and second candidate values and an output bin value is generated based on the final signal value. A processor readable medium having embodied therein processor readable instructions for implementing the method for entropy decoding is also disclosed. In addition, a method of avoiding a branch instruction in an electronic processing algorithm is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for entropy decoding are disclosed. Compressed input data representing one or more signals is loaded into one or more registers. A first candidate value for a most probable signal case is prepared from the input data. A second candidate value for a least probable signal case is prepared from the input data. A final signal value for the one or more signals is selected from the first and second candidate values and an output bin value is generated based on the final signal value. A processor readable medium having embodied therein processor readable instructions for implementing the method for entropy decoding is also disclosed. In addition, a method of avoiding a branch instruction in an electronic processing algorithm is disclosed.