Abstract: A method of growing 2-D crystals includes: providing a plurality of sub-substrates; stacking the plurality of sub-substrates to form a stacked substrate; disposing the stacked substrate into a crystal-growing furnace; pumping a reaction gas into the crystal-growing furnace; and heating the crystal-growing furnace to enable the reaction gas to react on the stacked substrate, and at least one 2-D crystal is formed on at least one surface of the plurality of sub-substrates in the stacked substrate.

Abstract: A graphene thin film with folded configuration including a plurality of sheet layers is provided. Any two adjacent sheet layers are separated by a distance. Each of the sheet layers has a first side and a second side corresponding to the first side. At least one first connecting portion and at least one second connecting portion are alternately arranged on both sides of the sheet layers. One of the at least one first connecting portions connects the first side of an Nth sheet layer and the first side of the (N?1)th sheet layer, and one of the at least one second connecting portions connects the second side of the Nth sheet layer and the second side of the (N+1)th sheet layer. The sheet layers, the at least one first connecting portion, and the at least one second connecting portion form a continuous graphene thin film.

Abstract: A method includes generating an aerosol comprising a plurality of catalyst particles from a precursor solution comprising a carbon source and a catalyst, transmitting the plurality of catalyst particles through a reaction zone extending along a temperature profile including at least one temperature sufficient to induce in each of the plurality of catalyst particles growth of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and positioning at least one substrate along the temperature profile and at least partially outside of the reaction zone at a position to collect a portion of the plurality of carbon nanotubes on a surface of the at least one substrate.