Abstract: Provided are compounds represented by the following formula (A-1) and formula (1), or salts thereof. The compounds of formula (A-1) and formula (1) or salts thereof have 133 adrenergic receptor agonist activity, and thus are useful as therapeutic and prophylactic agent for diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, depression, diseases caused by gallstones or hypermotility of the biliary tract, diseases caused by hyperactivity of the digestive tract, interstitial cystitis, overactive bladder or urinary incontinence, or as therapeutic and prophylactic agents for diseases concomitant with decreased tears.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the Formula (A-1) and the Formula (1) or salt thereof are provided. The compounds represented by the Formula (A-1) and the Formula (1) or salt thereof have a ?3 adrenergic receptor agonist activity, and therefore are useful as an agent for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, depression, biliary stone, a disorder derived from hyperactivity of biliary tract, a disorder derived from hyperactivity of digestive tract, interstitial cystitis, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence or a disorder derived from decreased tear secretion, etc.

Abstract: An optical disk device that has a tilt correction unit for performing tilt correction to incline the optical axis of laser light based on a tilt between the recording layer of an optical disk and the optical axis of said laser light. The tilt is detected when the optical disk is activated. The optical disk device has a memory for storing a difference in temperature in accordance with the amount of the detected tilt. The difference in temperature is utilized for updating the tilt. The optical disk device engages said tilt correction unit to update said tilt, when a difference in temperature between activation of said optical disk and writing/reading information onto/from said optical disk is detected and when the detected difference in temperature has exceeded the stored difference in temperature corresponding to the amount of the detected tilt.

Abstract: A recording power adjustment process to adjust a recording power is carried out in each recording layer of a multilayered optical disc, and a shift test writing process to adjust the pulse condition of a recording pulse is carried out only with regard to some of the respective recording layers. Then, based on the processing result of the recording power adjustment process and the processing result of the shift test writing process, a processing result of the shift test writing process in each of the recording layers, to which the shift test writing process has not been performed, is predicted. Then, information is recorded on a corresponding recording layer of the multilayered optical disc while adjusting the pulse condition of the recording pulse based on the processing result of the shift test writing process or the prediction result.

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus in which a ? method using a ? value showing asymmetry of an amplitude of a reproduction signal or a ? method using a modulation degree of the reproduction signal is executed as an evaluation method of evaluating recording quality of data in an optical disc, wherein: the data recorded by a recording power of a different intensity is reproduced; a ? value and a jitter value are obtained on the basis of the reproduced data, respectively; the ? method is selected as an evaluation method of evaluating the recording quality of the data in the optical disc under such a condition that the obtained ? value satisfies a predetermined requirement for the recording power of the different intensity; and a target ? value is set on the basis of the obtained jitter value when the ? method has been selected.

Abstract: There is provided an information recording and reproducing method and an apparatus for the same capable of optimizing the shift adjustment of a recording pulse recorded in an optical disk even at the time of recording information on the optical disk at a high speed. The shift adjustment value of the recording pulse optimized at a low speed recording on an optical disk is multiplied by a constant value to be taken as the optimum shift conditions of the recording pulse at the high speed recording.

Abstract: A tuner includes a first mixer circuit multiplying a first radio signal by a first local oscillation signal corresponding to a selected channel to generate a first baseband signal in a normal mode, and multiplying the first radio signal by a first local oscillation signal corresponding to a channel that is a target of search to generate a first baseband signal in a channel search mode, a second mixer circuit multiplying a second radio signal by a second local oscillation signal corresponding to the selected channel to generate a second baseband signal in the normal mode and the channel search mode, and a combining circuit combining a demodulation signal of the first baseband signal and a demodulation signal of the second baseband signal for output in the normal mode, and to output a demodulation signal of the second baseband signal in the channel search mode.

Abstract: In order to ensure recording quality while suppressing the adverse effects due to performance variations among apparatuses and disc radial positions on an optical disc, an optical disc apparatus according to the present invention performs, at the time of data recording, the steps of: acquiring a jitter value and ? value from a reproduced signal based on laser light reflected from the optical disc in relation to a disc radial position; learning a ? value when the acquired jitter value is a minimum as a target ? value; and, if a jitter value acquired thereafter is larger than the minimum jitter value by a preset reference value or above, correcting recording power based on the magnitude relation and the difference between the ? value associated with the acquired jitter value and the target ? value or performing trial record processing.

Abstract: An optical disc device and recording power control method that can ensure the recording quality of data recorded on an optical disc are suggested. When recording data on an optical disc, data recorded on the optical disc is reproduced periodically; a ? value, an index of recording quality of the data on the optical disc, is obtained based on a waveform of the reproduced data; a correction factor of recording power is calculated based on the obtained ? value, and the recording power is corrected according to the correction factor; at the same time, a recording area of the optical disc is divided into a plurality of zones and the correction factor for each zone is managed; and the recording power is corrected according to the correction factor of the zone where data is to be recorded next on the optical disc.

Abstract: A reception circuit receives a digital modulated high frequency signal and is equipped with a plurality of reception systems for receiving the same reception frequency. At least two reception systems share a voltage controlled oscillator of a frequency converting portion that performs frequency conversion of a signal based on the digital modulated high frequency signal, a reference signal oscillator, and a PLL circuit that generates a control voltage based on an output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator and a reference signal delivered from the reference signal oscillator and controls the voltage controlled oscillator based on the control voltage. The frequency converting portion delivers an intermediate frequency signal. The reception circuit includes an intermediate frequency variable gain amplifier that receives a signal based on the intermediate frequency signal.

Abstract: A ratio of an erase current and a peak current when starting recording is defined as K=iER/iPK (S1), and iER11 is set equal to K×iPK1, and an ideal value iER11 of an erase current that should be increased according to a temperature change is determined (S2). A value obtained by subtracting a current iBT at a bottom level emission intensity when starting recording from a current at an erase level emission intensity after the temperature rises is defined as iER1. By measuring this iER1, an ideal value iER11 of the erase current is subtracted from iER1, and the resultant current is defined as iBT11 (S3). This iBT11 is set as an adjustment value of the bottom current, and a value obtained by adding this adjustment value to a bottom current when starting recording is set as a bottom current after change.

Abstract: An optical disk device that has a tilt correction unit for performing tilt correction to incline the optical axis of laser light based on a tilt between the recording layer of an optical disk and the optical axis of said laser light. The tilt is detected when the optical disk is activated. The optical disk device has a memory for storing a difference in temperature in accordance with the amount of the detected tilt. The difference in temperature is utilized for updating the tilt. The optical disk device engages said tilt correction unit to update said tilt, when a difference in temperature between activation of said optical disk and writing/reading information onto/from said optical disk is detected and when the detected difference in temperature has exceeded the stored difference in temperature corresponding to the amount of the detected tilt.

Abstract: A bi-phase mark reproduction apparatus which reduces an error rate of demodulated data by half and improves demodulation ability of ATIP and an optical disk drive device are provided. The bi-phase mark reproduction apparatus includes a data conversion unit which takes out a synchronous code portion, a data portion and an error detection code portion from a bi-phase mark input signal by means of a data separating signal and demodulates data of the data portion and the error detection code portion. The data conversion unit includes a pattern retrieval unit which detects a predetermined error pattern contained in the data portion and a conversion table which decodes the error pattern in accordance with a replacement rule based on bi-phase mark modulation.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus, which decreases probability of impossibility of correcting an error in reading, is provided, where the error results from deviation of a writing-resuming position in resumption of writing. When an amount of data in a buffer becomes not more than a given amount of data, a buffer-underrun-detecting-circuit judges that the data are in a buffer-underrun-condition. According to the judgement, a writing-interrupting-and-resuming-circuit detects an end position of the last pit for writing, and the position is stored in a time-information-memory, and the optical disk apparatus becomes in a pause condition of writing. When the buffer-underrun-condition is avoided, the optical disk apparatus releases the pause condition of writing, and reads the position of interruption of writing from the time-information-memory, and then synchronizes data written on an optical disk and the data for writing.

Abstract: A ratio of an erase current and a peak current when starting recording is defined as K=iER/iPK (S1), and iER11 is set equal to K×iPK1, and an ideal value iER11 of an erase current that should be increased according to a temperature change is determined (S2). A value obtained by subtracting a current iBT at a bottom level emission intensity when starting recording from a current at an erase level emission intensity after the temperature rises is defined as iER1. By measuring this iER1, an ideal value iER11 of the erase current is subtracted from iER1, and the resultant current is defined as iBT11 (S3). This iBT11 is set as an adjustment value of the bottom current, and a value obtained by adding this adjustment value to a bottom current when starting recording is set as a bottom current after change.

Abstract: A scroll compressor comprises a fixed scroll member and a revolving scroll member that engage with each other with their centrifugal walls, wherein the revolving scroll member is supported to revolve with respect to the fixed scroll member, but to avoid self-rotation thereof. The spiral-starting portion of the centrifugal wall comprises non-stepped portions formed along curves of &bgr;1-&bgr;1′ and &bgr;2-&bgr;2′ respectively, and a stepped portion formed along a curve &bgr;1′-&bgr;2′ that provides a thickness increase area encompassed by its upper-side curved surface and its lower-side curved surface. The discharge port is located on the end board of the fixed scroll member to partly overlap with the thickness increase area by partly hollowing the lower side of the stepped portion with the prescribed height.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus comprising a reproduced signal detector which digitizes a reproduced signal from an optical disk, a broadband synchronizing clock signal generator for generating a synchronizing clock signal for use in reproducing data, a signal processor for processing signals, and a disk rotation controller for controlling the optical disk by switching control modes according to the reproducing position of the disk, that is, performing CAV control using the constant rotating velocity which is the same as the current rotating velocity in a range where the synchronizing clock signal generator allows a reproduced signal to be subjected to pull-in-synchronization, and performing CLV control so that the linear velocity is constant to minimize the pull-in-enable changes of number of revolutions in a range exceeding the pull-in-synchronization range, by which arrangement the amount of change of number of spindle motor revolutions when the reproducing position of the optical pickup changes is minimized, th