Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a positive electrode having a positive electrode active substance layer, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active substance layer, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains a sulfonylimide salt and a nonaqueous solvent containing a fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester represented by a general formula. The fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester content of the nonaqueous solvent is 80 vol % or greater and the sulfonylimide salt content is 2.4 mol or greater with respect to 1 L of the nonaqueous solvent. (In the formula, R1 and R2 are any one of H, F, and CH3-xFx (where x is 1, 2 or 3), and can be the same or different. R3 is a C1-C3 alkyl group and can contain F.

Abstract: The solar cell (1) of the present invention is provided with an n-side electrode (14), a p-side electrode (15), and a photoelectric conversion unit (20) having a first main surface (20a) and a second main surface (20b). The first main surface (20a) includes an n-type surface (20an) and a p-type surface (20ap). The photoelectric conversion unit (20) has a semiconductor substrate (10) and a semiconductor layer (12n). The semiconductor substrate (10) has first and second main surfaces (10b, 10a). The semiconductor layer (12n) is arranged on a portion of the first main surface (10b). The semiconductor layer (12n) constitutes either the n-type surface (20an) or the p-type surface (20ap). The semiconductor layer (12n) includes a relatively thick portion (12n1) and a relative thin portion (12n2). The n-side electrode (14) or the p-side electrode (15) is arranged on at least the relatively thin portion (12n2) of the semiconductor layer (12n).

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell comprising a photoelectric conversion unit on which textures are formed, and an electrode that includes a plurality of conductive particles. The average size of the textures is adjusted so that the diameter of an inscribed circle in a space surrounded by the ridgelines of a plurality of textures that are adjacent to each other in the textures and a virtual line that connects the vertices of the adjacent textures is smaller than the average particle size of the conductive particles.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solar cell may include forming a textured structure including multiple convex parts by etching a crystalline silicon substrate with etching liquid and forming an amorphous silicon layer on the crystalline silicon substrate with the textured structure formed thereon, by chemical vapor deposition or sputtering. An alkaline solution including at least one of a solution of sodium hydroxide and a solution of potassium hydroxide, additive including at least one of 4-propylbenzoic acid, 4-t-butylbenzoic acid, 4-n-butylbenzoic acid, 4-pentylbenzoic acid, 4-butoxybenzonic acid, 4-n-octylbenzenesulfonic acid, caprylic acid, and lauric acid may be added to the etching liquid. The textured structure may a chamfered section between main sloped surfaces of the convex parts, and a sharp trough part which is sandwiched by adjacent multiple convex parts.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell comprising a photoelectric conversion unit on which textures are formed, and an electrode that includes a plurality of conductive particles. The average size of the textures is adjusted so that the diameter of an inscribed circle in a space surrounded by the ridgelines of a plurality of textures that are adjacent to each other in the textures and a virtual line that connects the vertices of the adjacent textures is smaller than the average particle size of the conductive particles.

Abstract: A solar cell has a texture and is equipped with an electrode formed on the texture and including flakes in addition to conductive particulates, wherein an average value of the longest axis diameters of the flakes is larger than an average value of the distances between the vertices of the texture.

Abstract: A solar cell is provided with a semiconductor substrate upon which a textured structure that includes multiple convex parts is formed. The textured structure has chamfered sections between main sloped surfaces of the convex parts, and sharp trough parts, which are sandwiched by adjacent multiple convex parts.

Abstract: A solar cell has a plurality of texture elements adjacent to each other, wherein the texture elements include a first texture element having a vertex, the curvature radius of which is larger than the curvature radius of the valley between adjacent texture elements.

Abstract: A manufacturing includes forming an insulating layer covering a portion of a first semiconductor layer on a semiconductor substrate, removing a portion of the first semiconductor layer which is not covered with the insulating layer with an etchant to expose a potion of the first main surface, and cleaning the first main surface using a cleaning liquid containing hydrofluoric acid. An etching rate by the etchant to etch the first semiconductor layer is higher than an etching rate by the etchant to etch a first surface layer of the insulating layer, the first surface layer being on the side opposite to the first semiconductor layer. An etching rate by the cleaning liquid to etch a second surface layer of the insulating layer, the second surface layer being on the first semiconductor layer side, is lower than an etching rate by the cleaning liquid to etch the first surface layer.

Abstract: The solar cell (1) of the present invention is provided with an n-side electrode (14), a p-side electrode (15), and a photoelectric conversion unit (20) having a first main surface (20a) and a second main surface (20b). The first main surface (20a) includes an n-type surface (20an) and a p-type surface (20ap). The photoelectric conversion unit (20) has a semiconductor substrate (10) and a semiconductor layer (12n). The semiconductor substrate (10) has first and second main surfaces (10b, 10a). The semiconductor layer (12n) is arranged on a portion of the first main surface (10b). The semiconductor layer (12n) constitutes either the n-type surface (20an) or the p-type surface (20ap). The semiconductor layer (12n) includes a relatively thick portion (12n1) and a relative thin portion (12n2). The n-side electrode (14) or the p-side electrode (15) is arranged on at least the relatively thin portion (12n2) of the semiconductor layer (12n).

Abstract: An organic semiconductor material comprising an amine unit having a secondary or tertiary amine structure and a thiophene unit having a thiophene ring structure and preferably the amine unit has the following structure: wherein R1, R2, and R3 independently represent hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted ether group, or an optionally substituted aryl group and may be same or different from each other.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprises a plurality of stacked layers of polymeric materials soluble in an organic solvent. As a polymeric material forming a lower layer, a polymeric material is selected having a molecular weight greater than the molecular weight of a polymeric material of a layer to be formed on the lower layer. As an organic solvent for dissolving the polymeric material forming the lower layer, an organic solvent is selected having a dielectric constant greater than the dielectric constant of an organic solvent for dissolving the polymeric material forming an upper layer. With a light emitting layer being the lower layer and an electron transport layer being the upper layer, it is preferable that the electron transport layer includes a polymeric material having hole blocking property.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor material comprising an amine unit having a secondary or tertiary amine structure and a thiophene unit having a thiophene ring structure and preferably the amine unit has the following structure: wherein R1, R2, and R3 independently represent hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted ether group, or an optionally substituted aryl group and may be same or different from each other.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprising a light emitting layer disposed between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light emitting layer contains a light emitting material, and a host polymer having a first unit interacting with the light emitting material so that energy can be transferred to the light emitting material, and a second unit having a conjugated or non-conjugated structure.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprising a pair of electrodes, and a first organic layer and a second organic layer disposed between electrodes, the first organic layer and the second organic layer being formed by coating a solution, the second organic layer being formed on the first organic layer, wherein the first organic layer contains a polymer having carrier transporting property or light emitting property, and a low-molecular crosslinking agent having a functional group, and the low-molecular corsslinking agent is crosslinked in the first organic layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprises a plurality of stacked layers of polymeric materials soluble in an organic solvent. As a polymeric material forming a lower layer, a polymeric material is selected having a molecular weight greater than the molecular weight of a polymeric material of a layer to be formed on the lower layer. As an organic solvent for dissolving the polymeric material forming the lower layer, an organic solvent is selected having a dielectric constant greater than the dielectric constant of an organic solvent for dissolving the polymeric material forming an upper layer. With a light emitting layer being the lower layer and an electron transport layer being the upper layer, it is preferable that the electron transport layer includes a polymeric material having hole blocking property.