Abstract: A semiconductor element chiefly serving as an anti fuse and a manufacturing method thereof, the anti fuse storing data by causing a transition from a high resistance state to a low resistance state by a current supplied when a voltage is imposed. The element has a three-layer electrode structure composed of an upper electrode, amorphous silicon and a silicon insulation film thereby to improve the stability and reproducibility of the programming voltage and current.

Abstract: An electronic timepiece comprising a fundamental frequency oscillator, a plurality of frequency divider stages, a timekeeping mechanism and display, includes circuitry for resetting and setting selective stages of the divider and thereby adding or subtracting timing pulses which are delivered to the timekeeping mechanism. A non-volatile memory stores data which terminates whether a divider stage is to be set or reset. Additionally, a plurality of circuit elements are selectively inserted to modify the circuit of the oscillator and to provide frequency adjustment. External contacts are provided for the inputting of data to memory and for measuring timing rate against an external standard.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display driving circuit arrangement that is formed entirely of elements that can be monolithically integrated in a circuit chip and that adjusts the effective voltage of the drive signals applied to the liquid crystal display cells in response to variations in external conditions is provided. A sensing circuit is adapted to produce a signal representative of a change in an external condition and in response thereto produce a sensing signal representative thereof. A pulse control circuit is adapted to detect the condition signal and in response thereto produce a control signal representative of a variation in effective voltage to be applied to the display cells. A driving circuit is coupled to a liquid crystal display for applying drive signals produced by display control circuit having a variable effective voltage.