Abstract: In a lead mounting method of mounting, onto a principal surface of a printed board, a lead to be connected to a terminal, a flat lead is prepared which lead has a mounted part to be disposed on the principal surface of the printed board and a connected part to be connected to the terminal. The flat lead is bent into an L shape so that the mounted part and the connected part are perpendicular to each other to obtain an L-shaped lead. The mounted part of the L-shaped lead is connected and fixed onto the principal surface of the printed board by soldering.

Abstract: In a lead mounting method of mounting, onto a principal surface of a printed board, a lead to be connected to a terminal, a flat lead is prepared which lead has a mounted part to be disposed on the principal surface of the printed board and a connected part to be connected to the terminal. The flat lead is bent into an L shape so that the mounted part and the connected part are perpendicular to each other to obtain an L-shaped lead. The mounted part of the L-shaped lead is connected and fixed onto the principal surface of the printed board by soldering.

Abstract: In a lead mounting method of mounting, onto a principal surface of a printed board, a lead to be connected to a terminal, a flat lead is prepared which lead has a mounted part to be disposed on the principal surface of the printed board and a connected part to be connected to the terminal. The flat lead is bent into an L shape so that the mounted part and the connected part are perpendicular to each other to obtain an L-shaped lead. The mounted part of the L-shaped lead is connected and fixed onto the principal surface of the printed board by soldering.

Abstract: The present invention provides pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives represented by the formula (1) wherein R1 represents lower alkyl or the like; one of R2 and R3 represents hydrogen and the other represents phenyl having lower alkoxy or the like, and R4 is hydrogen, carboxyl, lower alkoxy-carbonyl or the like. The derivatives of the invention have pharmacological effects such as analgesic action, inhibitory effect on nitrogen monoxide synthetase and the like and are useful as analgesics. The derivatives of the invention are also useful as therapeutic or prophylactic agents for septicemia, endotoxin shock, chronic articular rheumatism, etc.

Abstract: The present invention provides a naphthyridine derivative represented by the formula (1) wherein A is lower alkylene; R1 is H or an electron pair “-”; R2 is optionally substituted phenyl; when R1 is an electron pair “-”, R3 is a group represented by (wherein R4 and R5 each represent lower alkyl, etc.); when R1 is H, R3 is a group —S—R6 (wherein R6 is lower alkyl, etc.); and R7 is H or lower alkyl; and also provides an analgesic composition containing the above derivative as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The invention provides amide derivatives which are useful as analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobial drugs, hypoglycemic agents, hypolipidemic agents, antihypertensive agents, anti-cancer agents, etc., the derivatives being represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein ring A represents a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pyridine ring or a furan ring; R.sup.4 represents a heterocyclic group selected from the group consisting of a lower alkyl-substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl group, an optionally substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4-yl group, a pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl group substituted at the 6-position and a purin-6-yl group substituted at the 2-position; and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention provides pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives which are useful as potent analgesics and represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is lower alkenyl, hydroxy(lower)alkyl, (lower)alkylthio(lower)alkyl, (lower)alkanoyloxy(lower)alkyl, (lower)alkoxy(lower)alkyl, furyl or thienyl, R.sup.2 is pyridyl, 1-oxide-pyridyl, lower alkyl-substituted pyrazinyl, lower alkyl-substituted pyrimidinyl, or phenyl which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and halogen, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or halogen, and A is a single bond or lower alkylene.

Abstract: A phosphonic diester derivative represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a cycloalkyl group; a phenyl group which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkyl group, a halogen atom, a halogen-substituted lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyl group, a nitro group, a benzoyl group, a cyano group, an N-lower alkylcarbamoyl group, an N-phenyl-lower alkylcarbamoyl group, an N-(halogen-substituted phenyl)carbamoyl group and an N,N-di-lower alkylcarbamoyl group; a 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl group having a halogen-substituted lower alkyl group as a substituent; a thiazolyl group; a pyridyl group which may be substituted by a halogen atom; a benzothiazol-2-yl group having 1 to 2 lower alkoxy groups on the phenyl ring; or a 4,5-dihydrothieno[3,2-e]benzothiazol-2-yl group; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a phenyl lower alkyl group; R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention provides an analgesic composition containing as an active ingredient a specific pyrimidine derivative represented by one of the follwing formulas (1) to (3): ##STR1## wherein the substituents are as defined herein. This composition exhibits potent analgesic activity and is effective for alleviating various types of pain such as postoperative pain.

Abstract: The invention provides a pyrazolo?1,5-a!pyrimidine derivative of the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, Q, A and n are defined in the description; and R.sup.2 is naphthyl, cycloalkyl, furyl, thienyl, optionally halogen-substituted pyridyl, optionally halogen-substituted phenoxy, or phenyl which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, nitro, halogen-substituted lower alkyl, halogen-substituted lower alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl, phenyl(lower)alkoxy, amino, cyano, lower alkanoyloxy, phenyl and di(lower)alkoxyphos-phoryl(lower)alkyl. This derivative is useful as a potent analgesic.

Abstract: The invention provides a phosphonic diester derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein the variables are as defined in the specification. The derivative of the invention has excellent hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activities and little side effects and hence is useful as therapeutic and prophylactic agents for hyperlipidemic diseases and diabetes and as a therapeutic agent for cataract.

Abstract: An adaptive maximum likelihood sequence estimator includes a channel estimator and a Viterbi algorithm processor for estimating the maximum likelihood transmission symbol sequences. The algorithm processor includes a branch metric computer in which common components are found from regularity in computations of coded alphabets of the transmission symbols and are used for all branch metric computation to reduce the total amount of the operations. Such effective computations are implemented by either of hardware and software in accordance with the constitution of the system of the adaptive maximum likelihood sequence estimator.

Abstract: The invention provides a phosphonic diester derivative of the general formula ##STR1## The phosphonic diester derivative of the invention has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, for instance, and is of value as an antidiabetic or anti-hyperlipidemic agent.

Abstract: An equalizer including a channel estimator allowing a Viterbi algorithm processor to estimate transmitted symbols accurately, so that the impulse response of a transmission channel may not deviate from the correct one. The equalizer outputs an transmitted symbol sequence estimate having the largest path metric by correcting the channel impulse response by parameter coefficients of the LMS (Least Mean Square) or RLS (Recursive Least Square) algorithm, by compensating for phase fluctuations due to the frequency offset and phase jitter of received signals, or by using a sequence included in an intermediate portion of a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) frame format.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treating hyperlipidemia containing, as the active ingredient, at least one carboxamide compounds represented by the formula (1) which possess excellent activities in lowering serum lipid, as well as having low toxicity with high safety.Said carboxamide compounds represented by the formula (1) are known compounds developed by the present inventors, but the pharmacological activities for treating hyperlipidemia have not been found yet.

Abstract: An infrared detecting apparatus which includes an infrared filter which intercepts visible light and transmits infrared rays having at least two infrared detecting elements for receiving infrared rays transmitted through the filter and converting the received infrared rays into an electric signal and an electronic circuit which amplifies the difference signal supplied from the infrared detecting elements so that the relative positional relationship between the infrared detecting elements and the infrared filter which allows for the solid angle extending from an arbitrary point on the infrared filter to the peripheral edge of the infrared detecting element's receiving surface to be not greater or less than a specific range.

Abstract: An LPC analyser calculates LPC coefficients using signals bandlimited to half the sampling frequency of the LPC coefficients to be calculated. Thef calculated LPC coefficients are continuous in time scale and free from aliasing distortion. A bandlimiting circuit suitable for use in the LPC analyser is also disclosed.

Abstract: A digital speech interpolation (DSI) system serves multiple PCM channels by multiplexing them to a single PCM signal, detecting the presence of speech on individual channels according to an adaptive power threshold, removing silent portions of the channel signals, and recombining them into a signal with fewer channels. A central echo canceler is provided between the DSI transmitter and the multiplexer, thus eliminating the need for a separate echo protection device at each terminal. The central echo canceler provides information to the speech detector enabling the speech dectector to avoid updating the adaptive power threshold when center clipping or double-talk occurs, thus preventing erratic speech detection performance.

Abstract: In a delta-sigma modulator for an A/D converter for modulating an analog input signal to produce a modulated signal of a digital form, a first integrator produces a first integral signal indicative of an integral of the difference between the analog input signal and feedback signal, a first delay element delays the first integral signal by one sampling period, a second integrator produces a second integral signal indicative of an integral of the difference between the output of the first delay element and the feedback signal, a first quantizer produces a two-level signal "1" or "0" depending on whether or not the second integral signal is greater than a predetermined reference, and a second quantizer produces a two-level signal "1" or "0" depending on whether or not the first integral signal is greater than a predetermined reference. An output digital signal is produced in accordance with the outputs of the first and the second quantizers.