Abstract: A 3,3?,4,4?-tetraalkyl cyclohexylbenzene represented by the general formula (1): in which R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which may be easily converted into a 3,3?,4,4?-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid and a 3,3?,4,4?-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride thereof, which are starting materials for a polyimide, via a 3,3?,4,4?-tetraalkylbiphenyl; and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: In an actuator control method and an actuator control device, time optimal control is used, and a switching time at which an acceleration output is switched to a deceleration output, and an end time of the deceleration output are calculated using a maximum acceleration and a maximum deceleration at the time of a maximum output of a control force. A control force of an actuator is set as a maximum acceleration output from a calculation time to the switching time, the control force of the actuator is set as a maximum deceleration output from the switching time to the end time, output of the control force is ended at the end time, and the switching time and the end time are repeatedly calculated, and updated for each preset time. The control output is reduced along with decrease of residual energy, which is a sum of remaining work and kinetic energy of a control system.

Abstract: A method for producing a multisubstituted biphenyl compound is represented by the following formula (2), including a step of coupling a substituted benzene compound represented by the following formula (1) in the presence of a solid catalyst with gold immobilized onto a support.

Abstract: A roll forming device, for roll forming for the purpose of manufacturing shaped steel the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the longitudinal direction, is equipped with: first die rolls having an annular ridge part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; second die rolls having an annular groove part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; and a drive device for the first die rolls and the second die rolls. A gap is provided at the side surfaces of the annular ridge part of the first die rolls, across the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, such that the gap with respect to the side surfaces of the annual groove parts of the second die rolls widens inward in the radial direction.

Abstract: A thermoacoustic heating device capable of effectively utilizing streaming, and including a prime mover in a first pipeline that forms a loop line, and a heating device in a second pipeline that forms another loop line. The first and second pipelines are connected to each other via a branch pipeline. A branch pipeline on the prime mover side and the second pipeline on the heating device side are positioned adjacent to each other, and a low-temperature side heat exchanger of the heating device is integrally formed with or held in contact with the branch pipeline on the prime mover side.

Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1): in which R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1, and the corresponding anhydride.

Abstract: A free-piston type stirling engine 1 includes a power piston 30 which partitions the inside of a case 2 into a work space 80 and a bounce space 90, a displacer 40, a communication hole 32 provided in the power piston 30, a displacer rod 41 extending from the displacer 40 and passing through the communication hole 32, a first displacer supporting spring 50 elastically supporting the displacer rod 41 at its proximal end, and a second displacer supporting spring 60 elastically supporting the displacer rod 41 at its distal end. The power piston 30 and the displacer 40 reciprocate along a central axis X of the case 2 with a phase difference therebetween by expansion and compression of a working gas in the work space 80, and bias forces of the first displacer supporting spring 50 and the second displacer supporting spring 60 restrict tilting of the displacer 40 and the displacer rod 41 with respect to the central axis X.

Abstract: A gear shifting method and device of a multistage transmission in which gear shift of a main transmission and an auxiliary transmission is mechanically operated by operation of one shift lever The device is provided with: a cam mechanism that has a select operation output member and a shift operation output member, which separate, into shift operation and select operation for each direction, operation by operation of one shift lever that moves along at least one H-shaped shift pattern, a first cam groove that operates by the select operation, and operates a shift mechanism for the auxiliary transmission that shifts a shift fork for the auxiliary transmission, and a second cam groove that operates a select mechanism that selects a target shift fork from among a plurality of shift forks for the main transmission; and a shift mechanism for the main transmission that operates by the shift operation, and shifts the shift fork for the main transmission selected by the select operation.

Abstract: A positive-negative-positive-positive-positive zoom lens changes magnification by moving each of a first group to a fourth group so as to alter the interval between each group. The third group comprises first and second lens components, at least one of which has an aspheric surface, and the first lens component is a positive-negative-positive cemented lens in sequence from the object side. The zoom lens satisfies the conditional expressions, 7<?2t/?2w<10, 5<?3t/?3w<12, 0.7<(?2t/?2w)/(?3t/?3w)<1.65) (where: ?2t is the lateral magnification of the second group at the telephoto end; ?2w is the lateral magnification of the second group at the wide end; ?3t is the lateral magnification of the third group at the telephoto end; and ?3w is the lateral magnification of the third group at the wide end).

Abstract: A method for producing a multisubstituted biphenyl compound is represented by the following formula (2), including a step of coupling a substituted benzene compound represented by the following formula (1) in the presence of a solid catalyst with gold immobilized onto a support.

Abstract: A roll forming device, for roll forming for the purpose of manufacturing shaped steel the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the longitudinal direction, is equipped with: first die rolls having an annular ridge part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; second die rolls having an annular groove part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; and a drive device for the first die rolls and the second die rolls. A gap is provided at the side surfaces of the annular ridge part of the first die rolls, across the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, such that the gap with respect to the side surfaces of the annual groove parts of the second die rolls widens inward in the radial direction.

Abstract: A coasting control device capable of avoiding coasting control during running on road having a small coefficient of friction between a tire and a road surface (“low ? roads”) includes a low ? road running recognition unit which recognizes that a vehicle is running on a low ? road and a unit for prohibiting coasting control during low ? road running when the low ? road running recognition unit recognizes that the vehicle is running on a low ? road.

Abstract: Disclosed is a zoom lens that forms an optical image of an object on a light receiving surface of an imaging element converting the optical image to an electrical signal, having the diagonal length of 2Ymax, is constituted by a positive first group, a negative second group, a negative third group, an aperture, and a rear group having positive power as a whole, in order from an object side, and satisfies a conditional expression 1.5<frw/Ymax<2.1 (frw denotes the combined focal length of the rear group on a wide end, and Ymax denotes the maximum image height).

Abstract: Planetary friction gear continuously variable transmission including an input shaft; a carrier; a planetary friction gear having a tapered roller at an inclined rotating shaft; an input-side support section, formed by notching a portion of an outer periphery of a carrier bottom section, rotatably supports an input side of the shaft; a sun roller provided on a same line as the shaft; a ring roller which is rotated by contacting a roller of the gear; an output shaft spaced from the ring roller; a loading section having a rolling body which presses the ring roller and the output shaft in an axial direction when a torque differential arises; and a transmission ring which contacts the tapered roller and allows the gear to spin.

Abstract: A large aperture zoom optical system and an image pickup apparatus have a five-lens-group arrangement of positive-negative-positive-negative-positive refractive powers. At the time of zooming, the fifth lens group is fixed, and at least the second lens group, the third lens group and the fourth lens group are moved. The third lens group for use in focusing is composed of a single lens element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fastener stringer where at least one surface of each of the fastener elements is colored. A plurality of fine fixing spaces is disposed on at least one surface of the fastener element which is colored. Accordingly, when a slide fastener is colored through an inkjet method, ink droplets ejected to the fastener element may be received by a plurality of fixing spaces and stably fixed onto a surface of the element. Consequently, a desired pattern or color can be continuously given to a fastener tape or the fastener element, and the contour of the pattern or color can be formed clearly and neatly.

Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1): in which R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1, and the corresponding anhydride.

Abstract: A fastener tape includes a tape main body portion and an element attachment portion in which a core thread is knitted. The tape main body portion includes a first tape main body portion region at the element attachment portion and a second tape main body portion region. A wale interval between a wale of the element attachment portion adjacent to the first tape main body portion region and a wale constituting the first tape main body portion region is narrower than that of the second tape main body portion region. Therefore, while the flexibility of the second tape main body portion region is ensured, a tape strength and an abrasion resistance are improved, and further, when a fastener element is formed, this prevents resin leakage through knitted loops of the element attachment portion.

Abstract: In an actuator control method and an actuator control device, time optimal control is used, and a switching time at which an acceleration output is switched to a deceleration output, and an end time of the deceleration output are calculated using a maximum acceleration and a maximum deceleration at the time of a maximum output of a control force. A control force of an actuator is set as a maximum acceleration output from a calculation time to the switching time, the control force of the actuator is set as a maximum deceleration output from the switching time to the end time, output of the control force is ended at the end time, and the switching time and the end time are repeatedly calculated, and updated for each preset time. The control output is reduced along with decrease of residual energy, which is a sum of remaining work and kinetic energy of a control system.

Abstract: A method of press-forming a tubular part having a cross section of an irregular shape crushes a steel tube between an upper die and a lower die in order to form a V-shaped cross section. When the curvature radius of a tip of the upper die is defined as R1, the curvature radius of a bottom portion of the lower die corresponding to the tip of the upper die is defined as R2, and the wall thickness of the steel tube is defined as t; R1, R2, and t satisfy R1+2t=R2 and 1.5t?R1?3t.