Abstract: Described herein are surface treatment methods for removing one or more surface defect layers from polycrystalline films, polycrystalline films that are free of one or more defect surface layers, and use of the films in solar cells. In certain embodiments, the method is conducted by means of an adhesive tape or mechanical polishing. As described herein, solar cells containing the surface treated perovskite films show enhanced efficiency and stability.

Abstract: A novel toilet seat structure, including a supporting base, a toilet seat, fixing blocks and two first buffered-descent modules; the toilet seat includes a child seat that has a child seat body and a first decorative lid; a rear end of the child seat body is provided with a shaft portion including first shaft sleeves and a sliding groove; the first decorative lid is detachably fitted with an opening part of the sliding groove; two ends of the supporting base are provided with second shaft sleeves respectively; a fixing block is embedded inside and being limited from rotating circumferentially in each second shaft sleeve; each first buffered-descent module is embedded inside the shaft portion through the sliding groove, and then passes through a corresponding first shaft sleeve and is then connected to a corresponding fixing block.

Abstract: A quick assembly and disassembly structure of a toilet seat base, including a supporting base, base boards, lid bodies, and axial hole portions and connecting portions on the supporting base; each connecting portion is provided with a sliding groove; each base board is slidable back and forth within a corresponding sliding groove and non-movable vertically within the corresponding sliding groove; one end of each lid body is pivotally connected with a corresponding connecting portion; a bottom surface of each lid body is provided with positioning ribs; a top surface of each connecting portion is provided with positioning holes; the positioning holes of each connecting portion are in communication to a corresponding sliding groove. When each lid body is closed, the positioning ribs pass through the positioning holes and fit with the positioning grooves, so that each base board and a corresponding sliding groove are fixed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for synchronization between a WTRU and a gNB are disclosed. The WTRU may receive a multiple beam synchronization signal from the gNB during synchronization. For each beam received by the WTRU, of the multiple beam synchronization signal, the WTRU may compare a received energy of the beam against a first threshold. A multiple beam synchronization signal may include a first and second synchronization signal (SS). If one or more beams of the multiple beam synchronization signal meets or exceeds the first threshold, the WTRU may report an indication of pre-synchronization to the gNB. This pre-synchronization may indicate to the gNB that a WTRU exists in an area of a particular beam of the WTRU. In this way, a gNB may target the WTRU using transmissions directed towards the WTRU.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a model training method; and the model training method includes: by a host process, acquiring training data, and dividing the training data for a training node cluster employing a master-workers architecture to obtain multiple pieces of sub-training data; wherein the training node cluster comprises a master node and multiple worker nodes; wherein the host process runs in a non-trusted execution environment, and the training node cluster runs in a trusted execution environment; by the host process, encrypting each piece of sub-training data, and storing the encrypted sub-training data in a shared memory of the host process; and controlling the master node and each of the worker nodes to acquire corresponding encrypted sub-training data from the shared memory in accordance with corresponding data storage addresses, respectively, and train a preset model by using corresponding respective decrypted sub-training data, respectively, to obtain a trained model.

Abstract: A WTRU may select sidelink unicast or groupcast to transmit data. If the WTRU selects sidelink unicast, the WTRU may select to use HARQ ACK/NACK feedback for the transmission. If the WTRU selects sidelink groupcast, either HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK may be selected depending upon one or more factors. The WTRU may select HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK depending upon one or more of: a number of WTRUs to receive the data; a condition of a channel associated with transmission; or a quality of service associated with transmission. The WTRU may select a first or second PSFCH format for feedback based upon one or more factors. The WTRU may select a first or second PSFCH format based upon one or more of: the selected sidelink unicast or groupcast; the selected HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK feedback; or a quality of service associated with the transmission.

Abstract: A reusable protective clothing includes a one-piece protective suit which includes integrated top and trousers attached with gloves and shoe covers, and a protective headpiece having a face shield. A front side of the protective headpiece is provided with a full-vision goggle with 180-degree field of view, the full-vision goggle is integrated with the face shield, a back side of the protective headpiece is provided with a protective hood made of a material of the one-piece protective suit, the protective hood is integrated with the top, the front side of the protective headpiece is provided with an air vent for a mouth and a nose configured according to facial features of a wearer, and an outer side of the protective headpiece is provided with ear-shaped hooks. The protective clothing is designed according to application environment and medical requirements to prevent exposure to pathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: A method for transmitting system information on a PBCH is described herein. A transmission/reception point (TRP) may generate a concatenated master information block (MIB) transport block that includes information bits associated with system bandwidth information, timing information, system frame number (SFN), a beam sweeping configuration, and a control resource set (CORESET). The TRP may then attach at least 16 cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits to the concatenated MIB and then prioritize the concatenated MIB and the at least 16 CRC bits based on content. The TRP may then perform channel coding of the prioritized concatenated MIB and the at least 16 CRC bits to produce coded bits using at least one polar encoder with a coding rate that is less than 1/3, perform rate matching via repetition on the coded bits, and then transmit the rate matched, coded bits on the PBCH of a radio frame.

Abstract: A WTRU may include a memory and a processor. The processor may be configured to receive beam grouping information from a gNB or transmission and reception point (TRP). The beam grouping information may indicate a group of beams that the WTRU may report using group-based reporting. The group-based reporting may be a reduced level of reporting compared to a beam-based reporting. The group-based report may include measurement information for a representative beam. The representative beam may be one of the beams in the group or represents an average of the beams in the group. Alternatively, the representative beam may be a beam that has a maximum measurement value compared to other beams in the group. The group-based report may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) for the representative beam and a differential RSRP for each additional beamin the beam group.

Abstract: A method for fabricating semiconductor devices is disclosed. The method includes forming a gate trench over a semiconductor channel, the gate trench being surrounded by gate spacers. The method includes sequentially depositing a work function metal, a glue metal, and an electrode metal in the gate trench. The method includes etching respective portions of the electrode metal and the glue metal to form a gate electrode above a metal gate structure. The metal gate structure includes a remaining portion of the work function metal and the gate electrode includes a remaining portion of the electrode metal. The gate electrode has an upper surface extending away from a top surface of the metal gate structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for demodulating a NR-PBCH signal. The method may comprise receiving a primary SS and an SSS. The received SSS signal may be used as a reference signal to detect demodulation reference signals of the NR-PBCH. These demodulation reference signals may be interleaved with data on the NR-PBCH. In one method, the NR-PBCH DMRS are associated with an SSB index in an effort to improve randomization in the synchronization process. The NR-PBCH payload may be demodulated using the PSS and/or SSS and the DMRS. In one embodiment, the NR-PBCH DMRS may mapped to DMRS REs on a frequency first and time second mapping basis.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a video content preview interactive method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium. A video-playing interface is displayed, a progress bar component is provided in the video-playing interface, and the progress bar component is used for displaying a playing progress of a target video played in the video-playing interface; a target caption corresponding to a target timestamp of the target video is displayed in response to a moving instruction for the progress bar component, where the moving operation indicates the target timestamp of the target video, and the target caption indicates video content of the target video at the target timestamp.

Abstract: A positive electrode and a secondary battery including the same are provided. The positive electrode includes a current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on the current collector, wherein the positive active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube, wherein the multi-walled carbon nanotube has an average length of 1-2 ?m and has a length standard deviation of 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A supported metallocene catalyst includes a carrier and a metallocene component. The carrier includes an inorganic oxide particle and an alkyl aluminoxane material. The inorganic oxide particle includes at least one inorganic oxide compound selected from the group consisting of an oxide of Group 3A and an oxide of Group 4A. The alkyl aluminoxane material includes an alkyl aluminoxane compound and an alkyl aluminum compound that is present in amount ranging from greater than 0.01 wt % to less than 14 wt % base on 100 wt % of the alkyl aluminoxane material. The metallocene component is supported on the carrier, and includes one of a metallocene compound containing a metal from Group 3B, a metallocene compound containing a metal from Group 4B, and a combination thereof. A method for preparing the supported metallocene catalyst and a method for preparing polyolefin using the supported metallocene catalyst are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-precision vehicle velocity calculation method. The method includes: calculating a tire slip rate at the current moment, determining whether the slip rate is smaller than a threshold value, if so, continuing to correct a tire radius and acceleration; establishing a relational expression for tire angular acceleration, an acceleration measured value, an acceleration offset and a tire radius at the current moment; building a system prediction model; building a measurement system model; substituting the system prediction model and the measurement system model into a Kalman filter prediction model, to acquire a corrected value of the tire radius at the current moment and a corrected value of the acceleration offset at the current moment; and calculating a vehicle velocity at the current moment based on the corrected value of the tire radius at the current moment and the corrected value of the acceleration offset at the current moment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing sidelink communications in a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) technologies is described herein. A WTRU receives downlink control information (DCI) on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) from a gNodeB (gNB), wherein the DCI is associated with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The a determination is made as to whether the DCI is for an LTE or NR technology sidelink transmission. On a condition that the DCI is for NR technology, the WTRU determines which transmit modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table to apply based on the masking of at least some of the bits in the CRC. Then the WTRU transmits sidelink data on resources indicated by the DCI using the determined MCS table. The WTRU may also receive HARQ feedback on resources indicated by the DCI for HARQ feedback.

Abstract: A WTRU may select sidelink unicast or groupcast to transmit data. If the WTRU selects sidelink unicast, the WTRU may select to use HARQ ACK/NACK feedback for the transmission. If the WTRU selects sidelink groupcast, either HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK may be selected depending upon one or more factors. The WTRU may select HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK depending upon one or more of: a number of WTRUs to receive the data; a condition of a channel associated with transmission; or a quality of service associated with transmission. The WTRU may select a first or second PSFCH format for feedback based upon one or more factors. The WTRU may select a first or second PSFCH format based upon one or more of: the selected sidelink unicast or groupcast; the selected HARQ NACK or HARQ ACK/NACK feedback; or a quality of service associated with the transmission.

Abstract: A rotary joint includes a shaft having a first end, a second end, and a cavity. The rotary joint includes a first waveguide section having a first proximal end and a first distal end. The first proximal end of the first waveguide section is positioned within the cavity and secured to the inner surface of the shaft. The rotary joint includes a second waveguide section that includes a second proximal end and a second distal end. The second proximal end of the second waveguide section is positioned within the cavity of the shaft and unsecured to the inner surface of the shaft to form a radial gap between an outer surface of the second proximal end and a laterally adjacent portion of the inner surface of the shaft. The shaft and the first waveguide section are configured to rotate about the rotational axis and relative to the second waveguide section.