Abstract: A device is configured to index file system names and paths of a single chain of backed-up snapshots. The device is configured to obtain a first snapshot of the file system. Further, the device is configured to scan the first snapshot of the file system to obtain a first scan of the nodes and the tree structure at a first time point. The device is further configured to insert the first scan into a database. Then the device is configured to index the nodes in the database.

Abstract: A method for data deduplication and compression in untrusted storage system is provided for storing large amount of data more efficiently and in a secure manner and by maintaining the integrity of the data. Such data deduplication and compression in untrusted storage system is achieved by utilizing by a system comprising a set of trusted servers, which are configured to trust each other and to share common encryption keys.

Abstract: An apparatus stores received data blocks as deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus is configured to: maintain a plurality of containers, where a reference to a container is unique within the apparatus and each container includes one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment, the segment metadata including a segment identifier and a segment reference, where the segment identifier is unique within the container and the segment reference is unique within the apparatus; and maintain a plurality of deduplicated data blocks storing received data blocks, where each deduplicated data block includes a plurality of identified container references, where a container reference identifier is unique within the deduplicated data block, and an ordered list of one or more segment indicators.

Abstract: A device is configured to index file system names and paths of a single chain of backed-up snapshots. The device is configured to obtain a first snapshot of the file system. Further, the device is configured to scan the first snapshot of the file system to obtain a first scan of the nodes and the tree structure at a first time point. The device is further configured to insert the first scan into a database. Then the device is configured to index the nodes in the database.

Abstract: A method for data deduplication and compression in untrusted storage system is provided for storing large amount of data more efficiently and in a secure manner and by maintaining the integrity of the data. Such data deduplication and compression in untrusted storage system is achieved by utilizing by a system comprising a set of trusted servers, which are configured to trust each other and to share common encryption keys.

Abstract: An apparatus stores received data blocks as deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus is configured to: maintain a plurality of containers, where a reference to a container is unique within the apparatus and each container includes one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment, the segment metadata including a segment identifier and a segment reference, where the segment identifier is unique within the container and the segment reference is unique within the apparatus; and maintain a plurality of deduplicated data blocks storing received data blocks, where each deduplicated data block includes a plurality of identified container references, where a container reference identifier is unique within the deduplicated data block, and an ordered list of one or more segment indicators.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus includes a repository storing one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment. The apparatus further includes a database storing a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing said data segments. The apparatus is configured to maintain, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus is configured to associate a deduplicated data block in the database with the block backup file in which a copy of the deduplicated data block is stored.

Abstract: A system for compressing an input data stream to create a compressed output data stream is provided. The system comprises a memory storing a hash table comprising hash entries each comprising a hash value of an associated subset of following data items of an input data stream and a pointer to a memory location of the associated subset. A processor coupled to the memory executes operations while instructing an SIMD engine to execute concurrently one or more of the operations for consecutive subsets: calculate the hash value for each subset, search the hash table for a match of each calculated hash value and update the hash table according to the match result. The processor then updates the compressed output data stream according to the match result and a comparison result depending on the match result and operations for the plurality of associated subsets to create the compressed output data stream.

Abstract: A system for segmenting an input data stream using vector processing, comprising a processor adapted to repeat the following steps throughout an input data stream to create a segmented data stream consisting a plurality of segments: apply a rolling sequence over a sequence of consecutive data items of an input data stream, the rolling sequence includes a subset of consecutive data items of the sequence, calculate concurrently a plurality of partial hash values each by one of a plurality of processing pipelines of the processor, each for a respective one of a plurality of partial rolling sequences each including evenly spaced data items of the subset, determine compliance of each of the plurality of partial hash values with one or more respective partial segmentation criteria and designate the sequence as a variable size segment when at least some of the partial hash values comply with the respective partial segmentation criteria.

Abstract: A system for segmenting an input data stream, comprising a processor adapted to split an input data stream to a plurality of data sub-streams such that each of the plurality of data sub-streams has an overlapping portion with a consecutive data sub-stream of the plurality of data sub-streams, create concurrently a plurality of segmented data sub-streams by concurrently segmenting the plurality of data sub-streams each in one of a plurality of processing pipelines of the processor and join the plurality of segmented data sub-streams to create a segmented data stream by synchronizing a sequencing of each of the plurality of segmented data sub-streams according to one or more overlapping segments in the overlapping portion of each two consecutive data sub-streams of the plurality of data sub-streams.

Abstract: A system for compressing an input data stream to create a compressed output data stream, comprising a memory for storing a hash table comprising hash entries each comprising a hash value of an associated subset of following data items of an input data stream and a pointer to a memory location of the associated subset. A processor coupled to the memory executes the following operations while instructing a SIMD engine to execute concurrently one or more of the operations for consecutive subsets: calculate the hash value for each subset, search the hash table for a match of each calculated hash value and update the hash table according to the match result. The processor then updates the compressed output data stream according to the match result and a comparison result depending on the match result and operations for the plurality of associated subsets to create the compressed output data stream.

Abstract: A system for segmenting an input data stream, comprising a processor adapted to split an input data stream to a plurality of data sub-streams such that each of the plurality of data sub-streams has an overlapping portion with a consecutive data sub-stream of the plurality of data sub-streams, create concurrently a plurality of segmented data sub-streams by concurrently segmenting the plurality of data sub-streams each in one of a plurality of processing pipelines of the processor and join the plurality of segmented data sub-streams to create a segmented data stream by synchronizing a sequencing of each of the plurality of segmented data sub-streams according to one or more overlapping segments in the overlapping portion of each two consecutive data sub-streams of the plurality of data sub-streams.

Abstract: A system for segmenting an input data stream using vector processing, comprising a processor adapted to repeat the following steps throughout an input data stream to create a segmented data stream consisting a plurality of segments: apply a rolling sequence over a sequence of consecutive data items of an input data stream, the rolling sequence includes a subset of consecutive data items of the sequence, calculate concurrently a plurality of partial hash values each by one of a plurality of processing pipelines of the processor, each for a respective one of a plurality of partial rolling sequences each including evenly spaced data items of the subset, determine compliance of each of the plurality of partial hash values with one or more respective partial segmentation criteria and designate the sequence as a variable size segment when at least some of the partial hash values comply with the respective partial segmentation criteria.

Abstract: A composite of graphene oxide and PTZ that may further entrap a redox enzyme. This composite can be used for detecting the substrate of the redox enzyme in a sample or for producing an acid byproduct of the enzymatic reaction. Furthermore, provided herein is a kit which includes a composite of graphene oxide and PTZ entrapping a redox enzyme and means for connecting the entrapping composite to a source of electricity.