Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of forming the same are provided. The method includes forming a bottom electrode layer over a substrate. A magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) layers are formed over the bottom electrode layer. A top electrode layer is formed over the MTJ layers. The top electrode layer is patterned. After patterning the top electrode layer, one or more process cycles are performed on the MTJ layers and the bottom electrode layer. A patterned top electrode layer, patterned MTJ layers and a patterned bottom electrode layer form MTJ structures. Each of the one or more process cycles includes performing an etching process on the MTJ layers and the bottom electrode layer for a first duration and performing a magnetic treatment on the MTJ layers and the bottom electrode layer for a second duration.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a system used in a semiconductor device manufacturing process. More specifically, embodiments provided herein generally include apparatus and methods for synchronizing and controlling the delivery of an RF bias signal and a pulsed voltage waveform to one or more electrodes within a plasma processing chamber. The apparatus and methods disclosed herein can be useful to at least minimize or eliminate a microloading effect created while processing small dimension features that have differing densities across various regions of a substrate. The plasma processing methods and apparatus described herein are configured to improve the control of various characteristics of the generated plasma and control an ion energy distribution (IED) of the plasma generated ions that interact with a surface of a substrate during plasma processing.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided and includes a fixed assembly, a movable assembly, a driving assembly and a stopping assembly. The fixed assembly has a main axis. The movable assembly is configured to connect an optical element, and the movable assembly is movable relative to the fixed assembly. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable assembly to move relative to the fixed assembly. The stopping assembly is configured to limit the movement of the movable assembly relative to the fixed assembly within a range of motion.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a first device and a second device. The first device includes: a first gate structure formed over an active region and a first air spacer disposed adjacent to the first gate structure. The second device includes: a second gate structure formed over an isolation structure and a second air spacer disposed adjacent to the second gate structure. The first air spacer and the second air spacer have different sizes.

Abstract: An image sensor structure including a substrate, a first pixel structure, a second pixel structure, a dielectric layer, and a conductive layer stack is provided. The first pixel structure includes a first light sensing device. The second pixel structure includes a second light sensing device. The conductive layer stack includes conductive layers. The conductive layer stack has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is located directly above the first light sensing device and passes through the conductive layers. The second opening is located directly above the second light sensing device and passes through the conductive layers. The second minimum width of the second opening is smaller than the first minimum width of the first opening. The luminous flux of the second pixel structure is different from the luminous flux of the first pixel structure.

Abstract: A magnetic multi-pole propulsion array system is applied to at least one external cathode and includes a plurality of magnetic multi-pole thrusters connected adjacent to each other. Each magnetic multi-pole thruster includes a propellant provider, a discharge chamber, an anode and a plurality of magnetic components. The propellant provider outputs propellant. The discharge chamber is connected with the propellant provider to accommodate the propellant. The anode is disposed inside the discharge chamber to generate an electric field. The plurality of magnetic components is respectively disposed on several sides of the discharge chamber. One of the several sides of the discharge chamber of the magnetic multi-pole thruster is applied for one side of a discharge chamber of another magnetic multi-pole thruster.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for forming metallization layers that include a ruthenium metal liner and a cobalt metal fill. The method includes depositing a first dielectric on a substrate having a gate structure and source/drain (S/D) structures, forming an opening in the first dielectric to expose the S/D structures, and depositing a ruthenium metal on bottom and sidewall surfaces of the opening. The method further includes depositing a cobalt metal on the ruthenium metal to fill the opening, reflowing the cobalt metal, and planarizing the cobalt and ruthenium metals to form S/D conductive structures with a top surface coplanar with a top surface of the first dielectric.

Abstract: A circuit for in-memory multiply-and-accumulate functions includes a plurality of NAND blocks. A NAND block includes an array of NAND strings, including B columns and S rows, and L levels of memory cells. W word lines are coupled to (B*S) memory cells in respective levels in the L levels. A source line is coupled to the (B*S) NAND strings in the block. String select line drivers supply voltages to connect NAND strings on multiple string select lines to corresponding bit lines simultaneously. Word line drivers are coupled to apply word line voltages to a word line or word lines in a selected level. A plurality of bit line drivers apply input data to the B bit lines simultaneously. A current sensing circuit is coupled to the source line.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a software upgrade system, which is applicable to at least one autonomous mobile robot installed with software in a data distribution service domain. The at least one autonomous mobile robot publishes a version information about the software to the version synchronization topic and receives other version information from the version synchronization topic. Also, the at least one autonomous mobile robot subscribes to a version synchronization topic, and takes the software of the at least one autonomous mobile robot itself as the latest version by a software update procedure to upload to a software update topic, or downloads the latest version of the software from the software update topic and installs it. The present disclosure provides a software upgrade method and a non-transitory recording medium.

Abstract: A receiving circuit of a deserializer is provided. The receiving circuit of the deserializer receives an input signal and includes: a signal receiving terminal for receiving the input signal; a link equalizer circuit (LEQ) having a first input terminal coupled to the signal receiving terminal; and an out-of-band signaling (OOBS) circuit having a second input terminal coupled to the signal receiving terminal; a first resistor coupled between the signal receiving terminal and a first reference voltage; and a second resistor coupled between the signal receiving terminal and a second reference voltage; and a buffer circuit having a third input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the third input terminal receives a voltage, and the output terminal is coupled to the LEQ or the OOBS circuit. The first input terminal of the LEQ and the second input terminal of the OOBS circuit are not electrically coupled, and the voltage is adjustable.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes a control unit and a memory including computer program code. The apparatus is capable of applying a first signal having a first value and a second signal having a second value to an electronic component and receiving a first feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of determining a first parameter associated with the first feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of applying a third signal having a third value and the second signal to the electronic component and receiving a second feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of determining a second parameter associated with the second feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of applying a fourth signal having a fourth value and the second signal to the electronic component if the first parameter is different from the second parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a pre-driver circuit and a driving device. The pre-driver circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a resistive component. The first transistor has a first terminal coupled to a first voltage, a second terminal for outputting a pre-driving signal, and a control terminal for receiving a first control signal. The second transistor has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first transistor, a second terminal coupled to a second voltage, and a control terminal for receiving the first control signal. The resistive component has a first terminal coupled to the first terminal of the second transistor, and a second terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second transistor. One of the first transistor and the second transistor is a P-type transistor, and the other is an N-type transistor.

Abstract: A transparent polyimide film, prepared from a copolymerized polyamide acid according to a chemical cyclization method, is provided. The copolymerized polyamide acid requires at least a semi-aromatic polyamide acid, and the semi-aromatic polyamide acid is formed by reacting cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) and 2,2?-bis(trifluoromethyl)diaminodiphenyl (TFMB). The molar number of dianhydrides of the semi-aromatic polyamide acid is more than 20% of the total molar number of anhydrides of the copolymerized polyamide acid, so that the transparent polyimide film has a light transmittance greater than 80%, a chroma b* less than 5, and a CTE less than 35 ppm/° C.

Abstract: A receiving circuit of a deserializer is provided. The receiving circuit of the deserializer receives an input signal and includes: a signal receiving terminal for receiving the input signal; a link equalizer circuit (LEQ) having a first input terminal coupled to the signal receiving terminal; and an out-of-band signaling (OOBS) circuit having a second input terminal coupled to the signal receiving terminal; a first resistor coupled between the signal receiving terminal and a first reference voltage; and a second resistor coupled between the signal receiving terminal and a second reference voltage; and a buffer circuit having a third input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the third input terminal receives a voltage, and the output terminal is coupled to the LEQ or the OOBS circuit. The first input terminal of the LEQ and the second input terminal of the OOBS circuit are not electrically coupled, and the voltage is adjustable.

Abstract: A transparent polyimide film manufacturing method includes following steps: producing a polyimide film having a tensile modulus of elasticity greater than 5.4 GPa ((N/m2)×109), a light transmittance greater than 85%, and a chromaticity b* less than 2; providing an ether-free dianhydride and a diamine to form an ether-free polyamic acid; reacting the ether-free polyamic acid with an aromatic cyclic dianhydride to form a copolymerized polyamic acid; and chemically cyclizing the copolymerized polyamic acid to form a transparent polyimide film.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes a control unit and a memory including computer program code. The apparatus is capable of applying a first signal having a first value and a second signal having a second value to an electronic component and receiving a first feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of determining a first parameter associated with the first feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of applying a third signal having a third value and the second signal to the electronic component and receiving a second feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of determining a second parameter associated with the second feedback signal. The apparatus is capable of applying a fourth signal having a fourth value and the second signal to the electronic component if the first parameter is different from the second parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a polyimide film. The method includes: providing a polyamic acid copolymer including at least a semi-aromatic polyamic acid obtained by reacting cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic (CBDA) with an aromatic cyclic diamine; and adding dehydrating agent and a pyridine catalyst having an ortho substituent into the polyamic acid copolymer to carry out a chemical imidization reaction of the polyamic acid copolymer to prepare a polyimide film.

Abstract: A transparent polyimide film, prepared from a copolymerized polyamide acid according to a chemical cyclization method, is provided. The copolymerized polyamide acid requires at least a semi-aromatic polyamide acid, and the semi-aromatic polyamide acid is formed by reacting cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) and 2,2?-bis(trifluoromethyl)diaminodiphenyl (TFMB). The molar number of dianhydrides of the semi-aromatic polyamide acid is more than 20% of the total molar number of anhydrides of the copolymerized polyamide acid, so that the transparent polyimide film has a light transmittance greater than 80%, a chroma b* less than 5, and a CTE less than 35 ppm/° C.

Abstract: A transparent polyimide film manufacturing method includes following steps: producing a polyimide film having a tensile modulus of elasticity greater than 5.4 GPa ((N/m2)×109), a light transmittance greater than 85%, and a chromaticity b* less than 2; providing an ether-free dianhydride and a diamine to form an ether-free polyamic acid; reacting the ether-free polyamic acid with an aromatic cyclic dianhydride to form a copolymerized polyamic acid; and chemically cyclizing the copolymerized polyamic acid to form a transparent polyimide film.

Abstract: A machine learning method is used for improving accuracy of an automated optical inspection (AOI) device. The method includes obtaining an image of a component to be inspected, processing the image to generate digital image information, establishing a machine learning model according to the digital image information, inputting the digital image information into the machine learning model for determination, verifying accuracy of a result of determination by the machine learning model, adjusting and optimizing the machine learning model according to the result of determination of the accuracy of the machine learning model, and improving the machine learning model until the machine learning model reaches a predetermined accuracy.