Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to screening methods, compositions, and kits for detecting for the presence or absence of one or more target analytes, e.g. biomolecules, in a sample. In particular, the present invention relates to a method that utilizes non-nucleic acid reporter markers as biochemical barcodes for detecting multiple protein structures or other target analytes in a solution.

Abstract: A method for functionalizing substrates such as magnetic beads and glass slides is provided. The method involves providing substrate surfaces with activated polyacrylic acid (PAA) and attaching one or more desired capture probes. Substrates prepared by the method are particularly useful in ultrasensitive detection assays as they exhibit very low specific binding and high binding efficiency relative to conventional substrates.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of detecting one or more specific binding analytes, such as nucleic acids and proteins, in the presence of a neutral or anionic polysaccharide, through light scattering techniques, where a change in light scattering caused by the formation of nanoparticle label complexes within the penetration depth of the evanescent wave of a wave guide signals the presence of the analyte.

Abstract: A method and kit for the label-free detection of global gene expression using nanoparticle probes in an array assay format is described. The method avoids the problems associated with fluorescent labeling and target amplification.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample that comprises nucleic acid molecules of higher biological complexity than that of amplified nucleic acid molecules. In particular, the present invention provides methods and probes for detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in a sample that comprises nucleic acid molecules of higher biological complexity than that of amplified nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: Methods and DNA microarray devices for detecting or measuring genetic aberrations or changes in genomic DNA using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) techniques and gene-expression assays are provided.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate for immobilizing a biomolecule and substrates produced by the method are disclosed. The method includes contacting at least a portion of a substrate with a reducing agent such as a hydride. Treatment with an appropriate reducing agent substantially eliminates autofluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: A method for producing a DNA microarray for biological assays comprising a plurality of biosites located on a solid substrate. Each biosite having at least one set of networked oligonucleotides of medium to long lengths attached to the substrate by predominantly non-covalent means. The oligonucleotide strands are chemically presynthesized, exhibit no predetermined spatial orientation on the substrate surface, and have three-dimensional freedom of movement when in a hybridization solution. The oligonucleotides are chemically unmodified having a length of about 30 bases or longer. Preferably, the oligonucleotides are from about 45 bases to 85 bases, but some embodiments may include very long oligonucleotides of over 100 bases.

Abstract: Fluorescence-based assay methods for detecting biological analytes in a sample. The fluorescence background in these methods is significantly lower than in conventional assay methods. Also provided are methods of attaching nucleic acids to a metallic or metalloid surface.

Abstract: Fluorescence-based assay methods for detecting biological analytes in a sample. The fluorescence background in these methods is significantly lower than in conventional assay methods. Also provided are methods of attaching nucleic acids to a metallic or metalloid surface.

Abstract: Fluorescence-based assay methods for detecting biological analytes in a sample. The fluorescence background in these methods is significantly lower than in conventional assay methods. Also provided are methods of attaching nucleic acids to a metallic or metalloid surface.

Abstract: The invention comprises a multi-color, comparative hybridization assay method using an array of nucleic acid target elements attached to a solid support for the simultaneous detection of both gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities in a tissue sample. The method of the invention employs a comparative hybridization of a tissue mRNA or cDNA sample labeled in a first fluorescent color, a tissue chromosomal DNA sample labeled in a second fluorescent color, and at least one reference nucleic acid labeled in a third fluorescent color, to the array. The fluorescent color presence and intensity at each of at least two target elements are detected and the fluorescent ratios (i) of the first and third colors and (ii) the second and third colors determined. Gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities are thus simultaneously detected.

Abstract: The invention comprises a multi-color, comparative hybridization assay method using an array of nucleic acid target elements attached to a solid support for the simultaneous detection of both gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities in a tissue sample. The method of the invention employs a comparative hybridization of a tissue mRNA or cDNA sample labeled in a first fluorescent color, a tissue chromosomal DNA sample labeled in a second fluorescent color, and at least one reference nucleic acid labeled in a third fluorescent color, to the array. The fluorescent color presence and intensity at each of at least two target elements are detected and the fluorescent ratios (i) of the first and third colors and (ii) the second and third colors determined. Gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities are thus simultaneously detected.