Abstract: A method for detecting a target molecule in a sample includes providing a capture species immobilized on a fixed surface; exposing the immobilized capture species to the sample to bind the target molecule; exposing the bound target molecule to a reporter complex to bind the reporter complex to the bound target molecule; and imaging the fixed surface to count the number of the reporter complexes or the number of an imageable product derived from each reporter complex. In an aspect, the signal of the bound target molecule can be amplified to provide an amplified signal that is then exposed to the reporter complex.

Abstract: A message management method is performed at a computing device, the method including: storing received messages into a plurality of cache queues according to priorities of the received messages; extracting messages from the plurality of cache queues, and storing the extracted messages into a uniform cache queue, wherein the uniform cache queue includes multiple entries, each entry corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of cache queues; scheduling the stored messages in the uniform cache queue to a plurality of outputting scheduling queues according to their respective priorities; and transmitting the stored messages from the scheduling queues to respective terminals by using a transmit channel corresponding to the scheduling queues.

Abstract: A message management method is performed at a computing device, the method including: storing received messages into a plurality of cache queues according to priorities of the received messages; extracting messages from the plurality of cache queues, and storing the extracted messages into a uniform cache queue, wherein the uniform cache queue includes multiple entries, each entry corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of cache queues; scheduling the stored messages in the uniform cache queue to a plurality of outputting scheduling queues according to their respective priorities ; and transmitting the stored messages from the scheduling queues to respective terminals by using a transmit channel corresponding to the scheduling queues .

Abstract: A compact, high gain 8-element circular smart antenna is able to scan a beam azimuthally through 360°. The 8-element array is placed on a ground skirt and connected to an 8-channel beamforning board via a transfer plate. Each channel has two T/R switches, one band pass filer, one power amplifier, two low noise amplifiers, one phase shifter, and one attenuator. The 8-channel-signal is combined through power splitters/combiners and then sent to a connected radio. An FPGA chip controls the digital phase shifters, attenuators and switches for signal searching, beamforming and tracking. The smart antenna can be operated as a compact switched beam system or with an additional processor as an adaptive array system. The smart antenna is capable of tracking mobile targets, directionally communicating with desired users, suppressing interference and jamming, and enabling long range communications with high throughput and reliable connection because of its high antenna gain.