Abstract: An optical system is provided. The optical system is used for disposing on an electronic device. The optical system includes a movable portion, a fixed portion, a first driving assembly, and a support module. The movable portion is used for connecting to an optical module. The fixed portion is affixed on the electronic device, and the movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The first driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The movable portion is movably connected to the fixed portion through the support module.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a wafer, measuring a surface topography of the wafer; calculating a topographical variation based on the surface topography measurement performing a single-zone alignment compensation when the topographical variation is less than a predetermined value or performing a multi-zone alignment compensation when the topographical variation is greater than the predetermined value; and performing a wafer alignment according to the single-zone alignment compensation or the multi-zone alignment compensation.

Abstract: A method of building a characteristic model includes: acquiring raw electrical data from a measurement system outside one or more processing units; acquiring operational state-related data from an information collector inside the one or more processing units; performing a data annealing process on the raw electrical data and the operational state-related data to obtain and purified electrical data and purified operational state-related data; and performing a machine learning (ML)-based process to build the characteristic model based on the purified electrical data and the purified operational state-related data.

Abstract: An optical system affixed to an electronic apparatus is provided, including a first optical module, a second optical module, and a third optical module. The first optical module is configured to adjust the moving direction of a first light from a first moving direction to a second moving direction, wherein the first moving direction is not parallel to the second moving direction. The second optical module is configured to receive the first light moving in the second moving direction. The first light reaches the third optical module via the first optical module and the second optical module in sequence. The third optical module includes a first photoelectric converter configured to transform the first light into a first image signal.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a first movable portion, a fixed portion, a first driving assembly, and a first guiding assembly. The first movable portion is used for connecting to a first optical element driving mechanism. The first optical element driving mechanism has a main axis that extends in a first direction. The first movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The first driving assembly is used for driving the first movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The first guiding assembly is used for guiding the movement of the fixed portion relative to the fixed portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic device, including the following steps, is provided. A first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer are provided. The first dielectric layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the second dielectric layer has a third surface and a fourth surface opposite to each other. A first unit is formed on the first surface or the second surface of the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are combined to form a substrate structure. The second surface of the first dielectric layer faces the third surface of the second dielectric layer. A dielectric loss of the first unit is less than a dielectric loss of the first dielectric layer. The method of manufacturing the electronic device of the embodiment of the disclosure can reduce the dielectric loss by using the unit.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism is disposed on an electronic apparatus. The optical element driving mechanism includes a first movable portion, a fixed portion, a first driving assembly, a circuit assembly, and a first position sensing assembly. The first movable portion is used for connecting to a first optical element. The first optical element is used for corresponding to light. The first movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The first driving assembly is used for driving the first movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The circuit assembly is used for electrically connected to the electronic apparatus. The first position sensing assembly is used for detecting the movement of the first movable portion relative to the fixed portion.

Abstract: An optical system is provided. The optical system includes an immovable part, a second movable part, a second drive mechanism, and a second circuit mechanism. The second movable part is used for connecting to a second optical element. The second movable part is movable relative to the immovable part. The second drive mechanism is used for driving the second movable part to move relative to the immovable part. The second circuit mechanism is electrically connected to the second drive mechanism.

Abstract: A haptic feedback system is provided, including a sensing unit, a haptic feedback module, and a circuit assembly. The sensing unit is configured to detect contact with an object. The haptic feedback module is configured to transfer the contact force to the sensing unit. The circuit assembly is electrically connected to the sensing unit and the haptic feedback module.

Abstract: An optical system is provided, including a movable part, a fixed part, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a control unit, wherein an optical element is disposed on the movable part. The first and second sensors detect the movement of the movable part relative to the fixed part in a first dimension and a second dimension, and thus they respectively generate a first sensing value and a second sensing value. The control unit generates an error value according to the first sensing value and an error curve, and then calibrates the second sensing value according to the error value.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a carrier, a base, and a first driving assembly. The carrier holds an optical element with an optical axis. The carrier is movably connected to the base. The first driving assembly drives the carrier to move relative to the base. The first driving assembly includes a driving coil disposed on the carrier, and the direction of the winding axis of the driving coil is different from the direction of the optical axis. The carrier has an abutting surface, which faces and is in direct contact with the driving coil. The maximum size of the abutting surface is greater than the maximum size of the driving coil in the direction of the optical axis.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a first movable portion, a fixed portion, a first driving assembly, and a first guiding assembly. The first movable portion is used for connecting to a first optical element driving mechanism. The first optical element driving mechanism has a main axis that extends in a first direction. The first movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The first driving assembly is used for driving the first movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The first guiding assembly is used for guiding the movement of the fixed portion relative to the fixed portion.

Abstract: An optical element drive mechanism is provided. The optical element drive mechanism includes an immovable part, a first movable part, a first drive assembly, and a guidance assembly. The first movable part is movable relative to the immovable part. The first movable part is connected to a first optical element. The first drive assembly drives the first movable part to move relative to the immovable part. The guidance assembly guides the movement of the first movable part in the first dimension.

Abstract: An optical system is provided. The optical system includes an immovable part, a second movable part, a second drive mechanism, and a second circuit mechanism. The second movable part is used for connecting to a second optical element. The second movable part is movable relative to the immovable part. The second drive mechanism is used for driving the second movable part to move relative to the immovable part. The second circuit mechanism is electrically connected to the second drive mechanism.

Abstract: An optical system, disposed on an electrical device, including a movable portion, a connected portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is connected to an optical module. The connected portion connects the movable portion to the electrical device. The driving assembly drives the movable portion to move relative to the electrical device.

Abstract: An optical system is provided, including a movable part, a fixed part, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a control unit, wherein an optical element is disposed on the movable part. The first and second sensors detect the movement of the movable part relative to the fixed part in a first dimension and a second dimension, and thus they respectively generate a first sensing value and a second sensing value. The control unit generates an error value according to the first sensing value and an error curve, and then calibrates the second sensing value according to the error value.

Abstract: An optical system includes an optical module with a main axis is provided. The optical module includes a fixed portion, a movable portion, a driving mechanism, and a supporting assembly. The movable portion is connected to an optical element and is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving mechanism drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The supporting assembly is connected to the movable portion and the fixed portion. When viewed along a direction that is parallel with the main axis, the fixing portion is a polygonal structure with a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first side is parallel with the third side, the second side is parallel with the fourth side, and the first side is not parallel with the second side.

Abstract: An optical system includes an optical module with a main axis is provided. The optical module includes a fixed portion, a movable portion, and a driving mechanism. The movable portion is connected to an optical element and is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving mechanism drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. When viewed along a direction that is parallel with the main axis, the fixed portion is a polygonal structure with a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first side is parallel with the third side, the second side is parallel with the fourth side, and the first side is not parallel with the second side.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion, a fixed portion and a sensing assembly. The movable portion is connected with an optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The sensing assembly senses whether the movable portion is in a first position relative to the fixed portion.

Abstract: An optical element driving system is provided. The optical element driving system includes an optical element driving mechanism and a control assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting to an optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixed portion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides a driving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly. The driving assembly includes a first driving element, and the material of the first driving element includes shape memory alloy.