Abstract: A unitary water treatment system for filtering and purifying untreated water is disclosed that has a filtration compartment, a transfer compartment, and a purification compartment. The untreated water flows into the filtration compartment, then into the transfer compartment, and then into the purification compartment. A fill valve is provided at the inlet of the water treatment system; a transfer valve is provided between the transfer and purification compartments; and a drain valve is provide at the exit of the purification compartment. A UV lamp is placed in the center of the purification compartment to expose water trapped in the purification compartment to light in a desired frequency range to kill bacteria and viruses.

Abstract: An adjustable connecting rod system includes a reliable, rapidly responsive mechanism for varying effective connecting rod length to vary the compression ratio of the engine. The mechanism may employ the momentum of connecting rod components during operation of the engine to provide actuation force to vary connecting rod length. Connecting rod length is preferably controlled by manipulation of fluid-actuated locking members. In a preferred embodiment, hydraulic pressure is applied through the use of engine oil or other hydraulic fluids. The connecting rod preferably employs one or more movable compression members such as roller members or other mechanical components that may be shifted from one position to another with relatively little friction in order to vary the effective length of the connecting rod. The movable compression members may engage surfaces of both the crankpin bearing retainer and the connecting rod body, loaded in compression to transmit forces therebetween.

Abstract: An adjustable connecting rod system includes a reliable, rapidly responsive mechanism for varying effective connecting rod length to vary the compression ratio of the engine. The mechanism may employ the momentum of connecting rod components during operation of the engine to provide actuation force to vary connecting rod length. Connecting rod length is preferably controlled by manipulation of fluid-actuated locking members. In a preferred embodiment, hydraulic pressure is applied through the use of engine oil or other hydraulic fluids. The connecting rod preferably employs one or more movable compression members such as roller members or other mechanical components that may be shifted from one position to another with relatively little friction in order to vary the effective length of the connecting rod. The movable compression members may engage surfaces of both the crankpin bearing retainer and the connecting rod body, loaded in compression to transmit forces therebetween.

Abstract: A method of monitoring exhaust gas flow through an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of generating a flow efficiency value (KE), comparing the flow efficiency value to a reference efficiency value, and if the reference efficiency value is exceed by a predetermined amount, then setting a flow fault indicator flag. In one aspect of the invention, the flow efficiency value is generated as a ratio of the magnitude of the exhaust gas flow restriction, and the mass flux through the engine. The magnitude of the exhaust gas flow restriction is represented by the pressure drop across the exhaust system, and the mass flux through the engine is determined as a function of the mass airflow rate and exhaust gas density. The resulting flow efficiency value (KE) is a non-dimensional parameter that characterizes the level of restriction in the exhaust system independent of the engine operating conditions.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine has a small volume fuel rail and a large volume fuel rail. The engine's control unit selects between the two rails. The small volume rail is used for engine start and the large volume rail is used as soon as operating rail pressure has been attained in both rails.