Abstract: An apparatus includes a shaft, configured for insertion into a body of a subject, and an expandable element coupled to a distal end of the shaft. The expandable element includes multiple electrodes arranged in a hexagonal grid when the expandable element is expanded. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a bipolar signal sensed by a pair of electrodes at a location in a heart of a patient. One or more electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are received, sensed by body-surface electrodes attached to the patient. Two or more successive QRS complexes are identified in the bipolar signal. One or more activations are detected in the bipolar signal, which occur within a window-of-interest that begins at least a given time with respect to the identified QRS complexes. The detected activations are checked whether they are late potentials, by verifying whether (i) the activations do not coincide with a predefined event observed in the ECG signals, and (ii) the activations are repeatable in the successive QRS complexes. In response to deciding that at least one of the detected activations is a late potential, the latest of the at least one of the late potentials is visualized to a user.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a bipolar signal sensed by a pair of electrodes at a location in a heart of a patient. One or more electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are received, sensed by body-surface electrodes attached to the patient. Two or more successive QRS complexes are identified in the bipolar signal. One or more activations are detected in the bipolar signal, which occur within a window-of-interest that begins at least a given time with respect to the identified QRS complexes. The detected activations are checked whether they are late potentials, by verifying whether (i) the activations do not coincide with a predefined event observed in the ECG signals, and (ii) the activations are repeatable in the successive QRS complexes. In response to deciding that at least one of the detected activations is a late potential, the latest of the at least one of the late potentials is visualized to a user.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a plurality of data points including electrical activation (EA) values measured at respective positions in at least a portion of a surface of a cardiac chamber of a heart of a patient. Using a predefined EA value criterion, the EA values in a given region of the cardiac surface are classified into multiple distinct EA wave-fronts, and multiple layers of EA values are calculated for the given region, wherein each EA layer includes the EA values found to belong to a respective and contiguous EA wave-front. The multiple EA layers are overlayed on a graphical representation of the surface. The graphical representation with the multiple overlaid EA layers is displayed to a user, with a graphical indication distinguishing between the multiple EA layers.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining multiple local activation times (LATs) at different respective measurement locations on an anatomical surface of a heart. The method further includes computing respective directions of electrical propagation at one or more sampling locations on the anatomical surface, by, for each sampling location, selecting a respective subset of the measurement locations for the sampling location, constructing a set of vectors, each of at least some of the vectors including, for a different respective measurement location in the subset, three position values derived from respective position coordinates of the measurement location and an LAT value derived from the LAT at the measurement location, and computing the direction of electrical propagation at the sampling location based on a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of a 4×4 covariance matrix for the set of vectors. The method further includes indicating the directions of electrical propagation on a display.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a bipolar signal sensed by a pair of electrodes at a location in a heart of a patient. One or more electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are received, sensed by body-surface electrodes attached to the patient. Two or more successive QRS complexes are identified in the bipolar signal. One or more activations are detected in the bipolar signal, which occur within a window-of-interest that begins at least a given time with respect to the identified QRS complexes. The detected activations are checked whether they are late potentials, by verifying whether (i) the activations do not coincide with a predefined event observed in the ECG signals, and (ii) the activations are repeatable in the successive QRS complexes. In response to deciding that at least one of the detected activations is a late potential, the latest of the at least one of the late potentials is visualized to a user.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a shaft, configured for insertion into a body of a subject, and an expandable element coupled to a distal end of the shaft. The expandable element includes multiple electrodes arranged in a hexagonal grid when the expandable element is expanded. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A method, including receiving sets of signals during multiple cardiac cycles, each set indicating, for a probe inserted into a cardiac chamber, a 3D location of a distal end of the probe, electrical potentials measured at the location, and respective times during a given cycle when the potentials were measured. The received measurements and the respective times are compared to a first template for a sinus rhythm cycle and a second template for a non-sinus rhythm cycle so as to identify a sequence of cycles including consecutive first, second, and third cycles wherein the first and second cycles match the first template and the third cycle matches the second template. A physical map is generated based on the locations. Based on the received locations and corresponding potentials, an electroanatomic map including the local activation times for the non-sinus rhythm cycle overlaid on the physical map is rendered to a display.

Abstract: A method, including receiving sets of signals during multiple cardiac cycles, each set indicating, for a probe inserted into a cardiac chamber, a 3D location of a distal end of the probe, electrical potentials measured at the location, and respective times during a given cycle when the potentials were measured. The received measurements and the respective times are compared to a first template for a sinus rhythm cycle and a second template for a non-sinus rhythm cycle so as to identify a sequence of cycles including consecutive first, second, and third cycles wherein the first and second cycles match the first template and the third cycle matches the second template. A physical map is generated based on the locations. Based on the received locations and corresponding potentials, an electroanatomic map including the local activation times for the non-sinus rhythm cycle overlaid on the physical map is rendered to a display.

Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising: performing a first scan of an organ using a set of electrodes in a catheter that are currently active; deactivating one or more of the electrodes in the set based on data that is collected as a result of the first scan; tuning the set by at least one of (i) deactivating one or more electrodes in the set that remain active after the deactivating, and (ii) activating one or more electrodes in the catheter that are inactive; performing a second scan of the organ using electrodes in the set that are currently active after the tuning is performed, and generating a map of the organ based on data collected as a result of the second scan; and outputting the map of the organ for presentation to a user.

Abstract: A system comprises a display and a processor. The processor is configured to display on the display in a graphical user interface (GUI), while a plurality of electrogram signals are acquired from a heart, a plurality of widgets corresponding to different respective electroanatomical maps generated from the electrogram signals, each of the electroanatomical maps being associated with a respective set of suitability criteria such that any one of the electrogram signals is used to generate the map only if the signal satisfies the set of suitability criteria. The processor is further configured to display in the GUI, in response to a user selecting any one of the widgets, a status of a most recently acquired one of the electrogram signals with respect to at least one criterion in the set of suitability criteria associated with the electroanatomical map to which the selected widget corresponds. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a medical system including electrodes configured for application to a body of a subject and configured to output signals in response to electrical activity of a heart of the subject, a display, and a processor configured to store a set of templates corresponding to different types of arrhythmia of the heart, apply the templates to the signals so as to associate one or more different temporal sections of the signals with respective ones of the types of arrhythmia, and render to the display a user interface screen including at least a part of the signals and graphical identifiers identifying the different temporal sections of at least the part of the signals with the respective ones of the types of arrhythmia with which they are associated.

Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising: performing a first scan of an organ using a set of electrodes in a catheter that are currently active; deactivating one or more of the electrodes in the set based on data that is collected as a result of the first scan; tuning the set by at least one of (i) deactivating one or more electrodes in the set that remain active after the deactivating, and (ii) activating one or more electrodes in the catheter that are inactive; performing a second scan of the organ using electrodes in the set that are currently active after the tuning is performed, and generating a map of the organ based on data collected as a result of the second scan; and outputting the map of the organ for presentation to a user.