Abstract: A first request is sent from a station to an access point. The station receives a first response from the access point that includes a first sequence number, and stores the first sequence number. The station sends a second request to the access point and sets a waiting period for receiving a response from the access point. The station receives a second response from the access point and a third response from a second access point during the waiting period. The second response includes a second sequence number and the third response includes a third sequence number. The station determines that the second response is a legitimate response by comparing the second and third sequence numbers to the first sequence number.

Abstract: A first request is sent from a station to an access point. The station receives a first response from the access point that includes a first sequence number, and stores the first sequence number. The station sends a second request to the access point and sets a waiting period for receiving a response from the access point. The station receives a second response from the access point and a third response from a second access point during the waiting period. The second response includes a second sequence number and the third response includes a third sequence number. The station determines that the second response is a legitimate response by comparing the second and third sequence numbers to the first sequence number.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and machine-readable and executable instructions are provided for preventing an input/output blocking attack to a wireless access point. Prevention can include instructions to receive a first comeback request from a querying station and to transmit a first portion of a response in a first comeback response frame including an indication of a comeback delay. Prevention can include instructions to receive a second comeback request from the querying station and transmit a second portion of the response in a second comeback response frame in response to the second comeback request complying with the comeback delay. Prevention can include instructions to drop the second comeback request from the querying station in response to the second comeback request not complying with the comeback delay.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and machine-readable and executable instructions are provided for preventing a memory attack to a wireless access point (AP). Preventing a memory attack to a wireless access point can include receiving, with a wireless AP, a generic advertisement service (GAS) initial request from a querying station and transmitting, with the wireless AP, a GAS initial response to the querying station without querying an advertisement server based on the GAS initial request.

Abstract: A server interconnection system includes three switches each having n downlink ports and an uplink port, wherein n is an integer equal to or larger than 2; and m servers each having at least two network interface cards respectively connected to downlink ports of different switches, wherein m=3p/2, p is an even number equal to or larger than 2 but equal to or less than n, wherein every three servers form a group. A first server connects to a downlink port of a first switch and a downlink port of a second switch via two network interface cards. A second server connects to a downlink port of the first switch and a downlink port of a third switch via two network interface cards. A third server connects to a downlink port of the second switch and a downlink port of the third switch via two network interface cards.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an addressing method, an addressing apparatus, a fabric manager, a switch, and a data routing method for data center networks. The addressing apparatus includes a tree creating unit for, sequentially with each of switches as a root, creating a tree containing all hosts by means of network topology discovery function, to obtain a plurality of trees; a tree selecting unit for selecting a tree having a minimum height among the created plurality of trees; and an address assigning unit for assigning addresses to each of switches and each of hosts in a network with respect to each selected tree having a minimum height. The present disclosure is adaptable to various topologies employed by the data center. The present disclosure can achieve aggregation of locator addresses so that a forwarding table can be shortened, and can achieve load balance of the network.

Abstract: A server interconnection system includes three switches each having n downlink ports and an uplink port, wherein n is an integer equal to or larger than 2; and m servers each having at least two network interface cards respectively connected to downlink ports of different switches, wherein m=3p/2, p is an even number equal to or larger than 2 but equal to or less than n, wherein every three servers form a group. A first server connects to a downlink port of a first switch and a downlink port of a second switch via two network interface cards. A second server connects to a downlink port of the first switch and a downlink port of a third switch via two network interface cards. A third server connects to a downlink port of the second switch and a downlink port of the third switch via two network interface cards.

Abstract: A lead frame sheet made of an electrically conductive material has lead frames integrally formed on it. Spacing members also are formed from the sheet. A first one of the spacing members is proximal to a first longitudinal edge of the sheet and a second one of the spacing members is proximal to a second longitudinal edge of the sheet. The spacing members extend from an underside surface of the sheet and, in use, space the underside surface from a planar support such as a surface of a heating block.

Abstract: The invention provides a server, a method and a system for providing node information for P2P network. A server in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network comprises: a location information storage unit which stores coordinate information indicating a coordinate of each data node in the P2P network in a coordinate system that is created based on communication delays among data nodes in the P2P network; and a node information providing unit which, upon receipt of a request for information on data nodes having a first data item, selects one or more data nodes from data nodes having the first data item based on the coordinate information, and provides information indicating the selected one or more data nodes.

Abstract: There are disclosed a network interference evaluating method, a dynamic channel assignment method and apparatus used in wireless networks.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an addressing method, an addressing apparatus, a fabric manager, a switch, and a data routing method for data center networks. The addressing apparatus includes a tree creating unit for, sequentially with each of switches as a root, creating a tree containing all hosts by means of network topology discovery function, to obtain a plurality of trees; a tree selecting unit for selecting a tree having a minimum height among the created plurality of trees; and an address assigning unit for assigning addresses to each of switches and each of hosts in a network with respect to each selected tree having a minimum height. The present disclosure is adaptable to various topologies employed by the data center. The present disclosure can achieve aggregation of locator addresses so that a forwarding table can be shortened, and can achieve load balance of the network.

Abstract: The invention provides a server, a method and a system for providing node information for P2P network. A server in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network comprises: a location information storage unit which stores coordinate information indicating a coordinate of each data node in the P2P network in a coordinate system that is created based on communication delays among data nodes in the P2P network; and a node information providing unit which, upon receipt of a request for information on data nodes having a first data item, selects one or more data nodes from data nodes having the first data item based on the coordinate information, and provides information indicating the selected one or more data nodes.

Abstract: A data node apparatus, a peer information acquisition method and a system are provided. An apparatus that serves as a data node in peer-to-peer (P2P) data exchange, comprising: a data node application unit that issues a peer list request and carries out data exchange with peers; and a list processing unit that intercepts an original peer list provided by an indexing server in response to the peer list request, issues a peer location request to an information server and receives peer location information provided by the information server in response to the peer location request, performs a processing on the original peer list based on the peer location information to derive a processed peer list, and provides the processed peer list to the data node application unit.

Abstract: An indexing server of a P2P network and a method therefor are provided. The indexing server comprises: a metadata storage unit, which stores one or more entries, each of which is associated with a data file and includes a plurality of information items each indicating a node offering the data file and a location of the node; and a node information managing unit, which monitors the metadata storage unit to identify an entry stored in the metadata storage unit in which the number of information items exceeds a threshold, and transfers a portion of the information items included in the identified entry to another server, the transferred portion including as many as possible such information items that indicate nodes whose locations are close to each other.

Abstract: Methods, devices and system for access point facilitated fast handoff are provided. Each access point (AP) in a wireless local area network is provided with a primary interface and a secondary interface wherein the primary interface performs normal communication with user terminals and broadcasts standard beacon frames on its working channel, and the secondary interface broadcasts extended beacon frames on working channels of neighbor APs sequentially. The extended beacon frame includes at least information of BSSID, SSID, working channel and the like of the primary interface of the corresponding AP. The user terminal may receive the standard beacons from the serving AP it is communicating with and the extended beacons from the neighbor APs, and according to the two kinds of beacons, the terminal may calculate the signal quality with the primary interface of the serving AP and the signal qualities with the neighbor APs at the current position.

Abstract: A lead frame sheet made of an electrically conductive material has lead frames integrally formed on it. Spacing members also are formed from the sheet. A first one of the spacing members is proximal to a first longitudinal edge of the sheet and a second one of the spacing members is proximal to a second longitudinal edge of the sheet. The spacing members extend from an underside surface of the sheet and, in use, space the underside surface from a planar support such as a surface of a heating block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for requesting for location information of resources on a P2P network, user node and server for the same, which allow a user to get network resources quickly. The popular files and the unpopular files are managed separately. The metadata of popular files are stored a plurality of SN based on respective areas, while the metadata of the unpopular files are stored and queried in a centralized manner. A function of redirecting a request message is added into the SN so as to inform the user the existence of a SN-R. Meanwhile, in order to improve query efficiency and avoid repeatedly redirecting of the message, a server routing table is provided for the user node which can indicate which files need to be download and which server should be requested to provide the files.

Abstract: A method used for radio measurement in a communication network is provided. The communication network comprises multiple basic service sets controlled by a core network controller. The method comprises the steps of: the core network controller issuing a measurement request to a communication node working on a service channel; the communication node switching to a non-service channel based on the measurement request; the communication node broadcasting a measurement beacon in the non-service channel and returning to the service channel immediately after the broadcasting; a node in the non-service channel receiving the measurement beacon; and based on the measurement beacon, calculating the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the communication node to the node in the non-service channel.

Abstract: There are disclosed a network interference evaluating method, a dynamic channel assignment method and apparatus used in wireless networks.

Abstract: A method for inspecting objects such as semiconductor wafers. A staging platform and an optical platform are arranged so that the object may be staged and its surface scanned by optical equipment situated on the optical platform. During the scanning process, the surface is illuminated with light of a plurality of wavelengths, each strobed at a predetermined rate so that multiple images may be collected using time and frequency multiplexing. The multiple images are stored in a database for analysis, which includes processing selected ones of the multiple images according to one or more algorithms. The defect-detection algorithms used for each object are determined by referenced to a predetermined or calculated defect detection protocol, then a defect mask is created for each pixel in the images that is suspected to be defective. The defect mask is then compared to threshold parameters to determine which if any of the suspected defects should be reported.