Abstract: A hardmask composition and a method of forming patterns using the hardmask composition, the composition including a polymer including a moiety derived from a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a solvent:

Abstract: A light-emitting device, a method of manufacturing the light-emitting device, and a method of operating the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device includes a first conductive layer comprising gold, an interlayer disposed on a surface of the first conductive layer, the interlayer comprises an inorganic salt, and a plurality of light-emitting group represented by Formula 1 chemically bonded to the surface of the first conductive layer. Formula 1 *—A3—(A1)m1—(A2)m2 A detailed description of Formula 1 is the same as described in this specification.

Abstract: A component mounting apparatus includes an eccentric cam installed to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise with respect to a holder of a mounting head, and a follower connected to a suction bit and contacting a surface of the eccentric cam. Rotating the eccentric cam by a predetermined degree moves the follower which, in turn, moves the suction bit up and down. The shape of the surface of the eccentric cam is designed such that the upward-movement speed of the suction bit is different from the downward-movement speed of the suction bit due to the rotation of the eccentric cam. The shape of the surface of the eccentric cam is such that the suction bit moves slowly downward and then rapidly upward when the eccentric cam rotates in one direction, and moves rapidly downward and then slowly upward when the eccentric cam rotates in the other direction.