Abstract: According to one embodiment, an intelligent reflecting surface includes a plurality of patch areas including a plurality of square patch electrodes, an electrode shape formed by the patch electrode, a first connection electrode, a second connection electrode, a third connection electrode, and a fourth connection electrode included in each of the plurality of patch areas has rotational symmetry having a point inside each of the plurality of patch areas as a center of rotation, and a first patch area, a second patch, a third patch area, and a fourth patch area have an intersection of the first patch area, the second patch area, the third patch area, and the fourth patch area as a whole as a center of rotation.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an intelligent reflecting surface includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a first dielectric layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate includes a first base, a plurality of first patch electrodes, a plurality of second patch electrodes, which are provided between the first base and the plurality of first patch electrodes, and a second dielectric layer provided between the plurality of first patch electrodes and the plurality of second patch electrodes, the first dielectric layer has a first dielectric constant, and the second dielectric layer has a second dielectric constant.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an intelligent reflecting surface includes a first substrate including a plurality of patch electrodes spaced apart and arranged in a matrix along each of an X-axis and a Y-axis orthogonal to each other, a second substrate including a common electrode opposed to the plurality of patch electrodes in a direction parallel to a Z-axis orthogonal to each of the X-axis and the Y-axis, and a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate and opposed to the plurality of patch electrodes. Each of the patch electrodes includes a first aperture.

Abstract: An identification apparatus keeps the conditions for imaging uniform among successive identifications, and requires a user to perform only a series of simple maneuvers. The apparatus comprises a guide member, a light source, and an imaging unit. The guide member includes a pattern or structure for a user to position his/her finger thereon or to approach his/her specific finger region thereto. A contact member is located in the guide member where a fingertip is positioned. An optical opening is formed at a position coincident with where a finger to be imaged should be placed. The light source radiates near-infrared light through the portion of the finger to be imaged. The imaging means acquires an image of the finger, and the apparatus compares the image to previously registered images. The apparatus may also include dual light sources power saving functionality, and means for limiting the interference of external light sources.

Abstract: A device is provided for a detecting external force applied to piezoelectric piece. A crystal piece is cantilever-supported in a container. Excitation electrodes are formed on an upper face and lower face, respectively. A movable electrode, connected via a lead-out electrode to the excitation electrode, is formed on the lower face side at a front end of the crystal piece. A fixed electrode is provided on a bottom portion of the container to face this movable electrode. The excitation electrode on the upper face side and the fixed electrode are connected to an oscillation circuit. When the crystal piece bends in response to an applied external force, capacitance between the movable electrode and fixed electrode, changes. This capacitance change results in a corresponding change in oscillation frequency of the crystal piece.

Abstract: Piezoelectric vibrating devices are disclosed that lack base through-holes and that can be manufactured on a wafer scale. Also disclosed are methods for making same. An exemplary piezoelectric device has a package base having first and second opposing main surfaces. On the second (outer) first main surface is formed a pair of external electrodes. The first (inner) main surface defines a first recess and a peripheral first bonding surface. A pair of connecting electrodes are provided for connecting to the respective external electrodes via respective edge surfaces of the package base that extend between the first and second main surfaces. A piezoelectric vibrating piece is mounted in and contained within the package base. The vibrating piece includes a pair of excitation electrodes electrically connected to respective connecting electrodes. A package lid comprises first and second main surfaces, of which the second (inner) main surface defines a second recess that is larger than the first recess.

Abstract: An exemplary piezoelectric vibrating device includes a piezoelectric vibrating piece that vibrates when electrically energized. A first package plate has a main recess in which the piezoelectric vibrating piece is placed, and a peripheral surface surrounding the recess. A second package plate is bonded to the peripheral surface of the first package plate in airtight manner. A band of adhesive bonds the first package plate to the second package plate. The adhesive band surrounds the peripheral surface. Between the adhesive and the main recess is a band of metal film. The band of metal film prevents gas, generated from the adhesive, from flowing into the recess. The band of metal film surrounds the peripheral surface and is disposed inboard of the band of adhesive.

Abstract: An identification apparatus keeps the conditions for imaging uniform among successive identifications, and requires a user to perform only a series of simple maneuvers. The apparatus comprises a guide member, a light source, and an imaging unit. The guide member includes a pattern or structure for a user to position his/her finger thereon or to approach his/her specific finger region thereto. A contact member is located in the guide member where a fingertip is positioned. An optical opening is formed at a position coincident with where a finger to be imaged should be placed. The light source radiates near-infrared light through the portion of the finger to be imaged. The imaging means acquires an image of the finger, and the apparatus compares the image to previously registered images. The apparatus may also include dual light sources power saving functionality, and means for limiting the interference of external light sources.

Abstract: An identification apparatus keeps the conditions for imaging uniform among successive identifications, and requires a user to perform only a series of simple maneuvers. The apparatus comprises a guide member, a light source, and an imaging unit. The guide member includes a pattern or structure for a user to position his/her finger thereon or to approach his/her specific finger region thereto. A contact member is located in the guide member where a fingertip is positioned. An optical opening is formed at a position coincident with where a finger to be imaged should be placed. The light source radiates near-infrared light through the portion of the finger to be imaged. The imaging means acquires an image of the finger, and the apparatus compares the image to previously registered images. The apparatus may also include dual light sources power saving functionality, and means for limiting the interference of external light sources.

Abstract: To provide a piezoelectric device prevented from overflowing of sealing materials. The piezoelectric device (100) stores a piezoelectric vibrating piece (30) having a pair of excitation electrodes. The piezoelectric device comprises: a package lid (10), including a first bonding surface (M1) formed in periphery of the package lid in a circumferential pattern and a lid recess (10); a package base (30), including a second bonding surface (M2), a base recess surrounded by a second bonding surface that is higher than the second bonding surface, and a pair of seats that is protruding from the base recess, situated for mounting the piezoelectric piece; a piezoelectric piece mounted onto the pair of seats; and a non electric conductive sealing material (48) disposed peripherally in relative to the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface in a circumferential pattern, thus the adhesive bonding the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface.

Abstract: A tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece (20) is comprised of a base portion (23) comprising a piezoelectric material, a pair of vibrating arms (21) extends parallel from the base portion with a first thickness, a excitation electrode film (33, 34) formed on the vibrating arms, a pair of tuning portions (28) formed at the distal ends of the vibrating arms (21) with a second thickness which is less than the first thickness; and a metal film (18) formed on at least one surface of the tuning portion.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for manufacturing quartz-crystal devices. In an exemplary method three wafers are prepared. One is a quartz-crystal wafer defining multiple quartz-crystal pieces; a second is a wafer defining multiple package bases; and a third is a wafer defining multiple lids for the package bases. Each quartz-crystal piece has a respective excitation portion that vibrates when electrically energized and a respective frame portion surrounding the excitation portion. The quartz-crystal wafer has main surfaces that are lapped and polished to mirror-finish them. The base wafer defines multiple package bases each having a floor surface, a bonding surface surrounding the floor surface, and a lower main surface. The lid wafer defines multiple lids each having a ceiling surface, a bonding surface surrounding the ceiling surface, and a upper main surface. The quartz-crystal wafer is sandwiched between the base and lid wafers.

Abstract: Surface-mounted piezoelectric devices are disclosed, of which an exemplary device includes a tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece having a base portion and a pair of vibrating arms extending from the base portion. The device includes a package defined by a wall. The package includes a cavity accommodating the tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece and at least one columnar body situated between the vibrating arms in the cavity.

Abstract: An identification apparatus keeps the conditions for imaging uniform among successive identifications, and requires a user to perform only a series of simple maneuvers. The apparatus comprises a guide member, a light source, and an imaging unit. The guide member includes a pattern or structure for a user to position his/her finger thereon or to approach his/her specific finger region thereto. A contact member is located in the guide member where a fingertip is positioned. An optical opening is formed at a position coincident with where a finger to be imaged should be placed. The light source radiates near-infrared light through the portion of the finger to be imaged. The imaging means acquires an image of the finger, and the apparatus compares the image to previously registered images. The apparatus may also include dual light sources power saving functionality, and means for limiting the interference of external light sources.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device includes a rectangular base plate having a first face where a pair of mounting terminals are formed, a second face opposite to the first face, where a bonding face is formed in a circumference, and a pair of connecting electrodes formed in the bonding face; a rectangular piezoelectric vibrating piece having a pair of excitation electrodes and lead electrodes extracted from a pair of the excitation electrodes, so that the lead electrode is fixed to the connecting electrode using a conductive adhesive; a lid plate that covers the piezoelectric vibrating piece; and a ring-shaped encapsulating material arranged in a ring shape between the bonding face and the lid plate to encapsulate the base plate and the lid plate. The connecting electrode is formed in a comb-tooth shape as seen from a normal direction of the second face to increase a lateral length of the connecting electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a crystal resonator including: a first plate having a first face and a second face opposite to the first face; a second plate having a third face and a fourth face opposite to the third face; a bonding material arranged in a ring shape between the second face of the first plate and the third face of the second plate to bond the first and second plates; a first trench portion, where the bonding material intrudes along a ring shape of the bonding material, on at least one of the second or third face; and a second trench portion formed side by side with the first trench portion in an inner side of the ring shape of the bonding material on at least one of the second face or the third face.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for manufacturing tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating devices. In an exemplary method a metal film is formed on both surfaces of a piezoelectric wafer, followed by application of photoresist. A first metal-film-etching step etches the metal film after removal of the photoresist layer outside the profile outline of the devices. A first piezoelectric-etching step etches the wafer surface but not through to the rear surface; thus, outside the profile outline the metal film is removed. A second metal-film-etching step etches the metal film after removal of the photoresist layer from first groove regions. A second piezoelectric-etching step etches outside the profile outline and the groove regions through to the rear surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides the piezoelectric devices in which the bonding condition of devices can be easily observed. The piezoelectric device (100) comprises: a piezoelectric vibrating piece that vibrates when electrically energized; a first plate (110) and a second plate (120) fabricated by transparent materials; and a sealing material (150a) formed in between the first plate and second plate and in periphery of the first plate and second plate, the sealing material having a slit (151b) within the predetermined width (WX, WZ) of the sealing material.

Abstract: A device is provided for a detecting external force applied to piezoelectric piece. A crystal piece is cantilever-supported in a container. Excitation electrodes are formed on an upper face and lower face, respectively. A movable electrode, connected via a lead-out electrode to the excitation electrode, is formed on the lower face side at a front end of the crystal piece. A fixed electrode is provided on a bottom portion of the container to face this movable electrode. The excitation electrode on the upper face side and the fixed electrode are connected to an oscillation circuit. When the crystal piece bends in response to an applied external force, capacitance between the movable electrode and fixed electrode, changes. This capacitance change results in a corresponding change in oscillation frequency of the crystal piece.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing piezoelectric devices by using a base wafer having through-holes manufactured in precise size. In the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device comprises: a step of: forming an anticorrosive film (S121) on a first surface and on a second surface opposing the first surface of the base wafer made of a glass or a piezoelectric material; after forming a photoresist on the anticorrosive film and exposing, metal-etching the anticorrosive film (S121, S122) corresponding to the through-hole; after the metal-etching step, applying an etching solution onto the glass or the piezoelectric material and wet-etching (S123) the first surface and the second surface of the base wafer until before completely cutting through the glass or the piezoelectric material; and applying an abrasive from the second surface with the anticorrosive film remaining in place on the second surface, by sand-blasting method (S124).