Abstract: A vehicle includes a controller configured to switch between a constant speed traveling mode in which a vehicle speed is held constant and an inertial traveling mode in which a prime mover is stopped or in an idling state, and a clutch apparatus configured to connect and disconnect power transmission between the prime mover and an output target, and the controller controls the clutch apparatus and decreases a clutch capacity so as to transit to the inertial traveling mode when detected that the vehicle is traveling on a downhill road during the constant speed traveling mode, and the controller controls the clutch apparatus and increases the clutch capacity so as to transit to the constant speed traveling mode when detected that the vehicle traveling on the downhill road has terminated.

Abstract: A clutch control device includes a clutch apparatus configured to connect and disconnect power transmission between an engine and a gearbox, a clutch actuator configured to output a driving force to actuate the clutch apparatus, and an ECU configured to drive the clutch actuator, and the ECU performs engine stalling avoiding control which decreases a clutch capacity when a reduction speed of an engine rotational speed becomes a predetermined threshold or more and the engine rotational speed becomes a predetermined engine stalling determination value or less.

Abstract: As viewed from a side, an output shaft is disposed rearward of a crankshaft, and an odd-numbered stage shaft and an even-numbered stage shaft are disposed rearward of the crankshaft. Moreover, the odd-numbered stage shaft is provided on a side opposite to the even-numbered stage shaft relative to a line connecting the crankshaft and the output shaft, and a shift drum is disposed on a side opposite to the output shaft relative to a line connecting the odd-numbered stage shaft and the even-numbered stage shaft. This structure reduces dimensions of the power unit for the saddled vehicle.

Abstract: A saddle-ride type vehicle control apparatus includes: an acquiring unit that acquires information indicating a posture of an occupant of a saddle-ride type vehicle; a determining unit that determines a level of intervention in driving of the saddle-ride type vehicle based on the posture of the occupant indicated by the information acquired by the acquiring unit; and an intervening unit that intervenes in the driving of the saddle-ride type vehicle based on a condition of the saddle-ride type vehicle and the level of intervention determined by the determining unit.

Abstract: An output apparatus includes: an identifying unit that identifies a direction in which an occupant of a first vehicle is looking; a receiving unit that receives, from a second vehicle positioned in the direction identified by the identifying unit, information indicating whether or not the first vehicle is recognized by the second vehicle; and an output unit that outputs alert information to at least one alerting device among alerting devices attached to the first vehicle and the occupant of the first vehicle if the first vehicle is not recognized by the second vehicle.

Abstract: An output apparatus includes: an identifying unit that identifies a direction in which an occupant of a first vehicle is looking; a receiving unit that receives, from a second vehicle positioned in the direction identified by the identifying unit, information indicating whether or not the first vehicle is recognized by the second vehicle; and an output unit that outputs alert information to at least one alerting device among alerting devices attached to the first vehicle and the occupant of the first vehicle if the first vehicle is not recognized by the second vehicle.

Abstract: As viewed from a side, an output shaft is disposed rearward of a crankshaft, and an odd-numbered stage shaft and an even-numbered stage shaft are disposed rearward of the crankshaft. Moreover, the odd-numbered stage shaft is provided on a side opposite to the even-numbered stage shaft relative to a line connecting the crankshaft and the output shaft, and a shift drum is disposed on a side opposite to the output shaft relative to a line connecting the odd-numbered stage shaft and the even-numbered stage shaft. This structure reduces dimensions of the power unit for the saddled vehicle.

Abstract: A saddle-ride type vehicle control apparatus includes: an acquiring unit that acquires information indicating a posture of an occupant of a saddle-ride type vehicle; a determining unit that determines a level of intervention in driving of the saddle-ride type vehicle based on the posture of the occupant indicated by the information acquired by the acquiring unit; and an intervening unit that intervenes in the driving of the saddle-ride type vehicle based on a condition of the saddle-ride type vehicle and the level of intervention determined by the determining unit.

Abstract: A synchronizer-mechanism-equipped transmission capable of moving tips of sleeve teeth and ring teeth away from butting each other by moving a synchronizer sleeve with biasing means even if the tips of the sleeve teeth and ring teeth are in contact when actuator driving stops. When sleeve teeth of a synchronizer sleeve that moves during gear shifting are located at a first synchronization position where the sleeve teeth begin to come into contact with ring teeth, a pressing member of a detent mechanism is in contact with a pre-gear-shifting detent recessed portion of a star cam.

Abstract: A cylindrical shift drum is rotatable around a third rotational axis. The cylindrical shift drum includes at least one lead groove in an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical shift drum. A shift fork shaft extending in parallel to the third rotational axis is disposed opposite to the outer circumferential surface. At least one shift fork includes a main portion slidably supported by the shift fork shaft and a pin portion rotatably supported by the main body portion. The main body portion includes a fork portion to be engaged with at least one shifter gear. The pin portion is inserted in one of the at least one lead groove. The cylindrical shift drum is to be rotated to guide the pin portion along the one of the at least one lead groove to move the at least one shift fork to shift the at least one shifter gear.

Abstract: In a multiple plate clutch having a main spring which is provided between a clutch center fixed in an axial direction and a pressure plate displaceable in the axial direction and presses plural clutch plates in a clutch engagement direction, and a lifter plate for lifting the pressure plate in a clutch release direction, a sub spring for urging the pressure plate in the clutch engagement direction through the lifter plate is provided between the clutch center and the lifter plate, and the lifter plate is lifted by a predetermined amount or more to cut off the urging force of the sub spring to the pressure plate.

Abstract: A twin-clutch transmission that can always effectively reduce gear shift shock and a collision sound even under the existence of variation attributed to component tolerance and change over the ages attributed to wear. A twin-clutch transmission calculates a rotational speed difference (|Na?Nb|) between an odd-stage main shaft rotational speed (Na) and an even-stage main shaft rotational speed (Nb) and learns synchronization start gear shift drive displacement (?s) detected by a gear shift drive displacement detecting unit at the timing at which the rotational speed difference (|Na?Nb|) reaches a predetermined synchronization start determination rotational speed difference (Ds) from gear shift start. The twin-clutch transmission controls an actuator on the basis of the learned synchronization start gear shift drive displacement (?s).

Abstract: A clutch actuator structure provided for an internal combustion engine and a hydraulic clutch mechanism for transmitting a rotational driving force of a crankshaft of said engine includes a clutch actuator for controlling an oil pressure for engaging and disengaging the hydraulic clutch mechanism. The clutch actuator structure ensures that noises generated at the times of operation of the clutch actuator for actuating a hydraulic clutch are prevented from being transmitted to the exterior. The clutch actuator structure includes an oil sump part for reserving oil provided in the periphery of a clutch actuator. The clutch actuator is disposed in the oil sump part.

Abstract: A shift drum angle detecting device for a transmission includes shift forks, a shift drum, a first sensor shaft, a first angle sensor, a speed increasing mechanism, and a second angle sensor. The first angle sensor is to detect a rotational angle of the first sensor shaft to output a first output value based on the rotational angle. The speed increasing mechanism includes a speed increasing drive member, a speed increasing driven member, and a second sensor shaft. The second angle sensor is provided to the second sensor shaft to detect a rotational angle of the second sensor shaft and to output a second output value based on the rotational angle. A rotational angle of the shift drum is to be detected based on the first output value output from the first angle sensor and the second output value output from the second angle sensor.

Abstract: In a multiple plate clutch having a main spring which is provided between a clutch center fixed in an axial direction and a pressure plate displaceable in the axial direction and presses plural clutch plates in a clutch engagement direction, and a lifter plate for lifting the pressure plate in a clutch release direction, a sub spring for urging the pressure plate in the clutch engagement direction through the lifter plate is provided between the clutch center and the lifter plate, and the lifter plate is lifted by a predetermined amount or more to cut off the urging force of the sub spring to the pressure plate.

Abstract: In a multiple plate clutch having a main spring which is provided between a clutch center fixed in an axial direction and a pressure plate displaceable in the axial direction and presses plural clutch plates in a clutch engagement direction, and a lifter plate for lifting the pressure plate in a clutch release direction, a sub spring for urging the pressure plate in the clutch engagement direction through the lifter plate is provided between the clutch center and the lifter plate, and the lifter plate is lifted by a predetermined amount or more to cut off the urging force of the sub spring to the pressure plate.

Abstract: A synchronizer-mechanism-equipped transmission capable of moving tips of sleeve teeth and ring teeth away from butting each other by moving a synchronizer sleeve with biasing means even if the tips of the sleeve teeth and ring teeth are in contact when actuator driving stops. When sleeve teeth of a synchronizer sleeve that moves during gear shifting are located at a first synchronization position where the sleeve teeth begin to come into contact with ring teeth, a pressing member of a detent mechanism is in contact with a pre-gear-shifting detent recessed portion of a star cam.

Abstract: A twin-clutch transmission that can always effectively reduce gear shift shock and a collision sound even under the existence of variation attributed to component tolerance and change over the ages attributed to wear. A twin-clutch transmission calculates a rotational speed difference (|Na?Nb|) between an odd-stage main shaft rotational speed (Na) and an even-stage main shaft rotational speed (Nb) and learns synchronization start gear shift drive displacement (?s) detected by a gear shift drive displacement detecting unit at the timing at which the rotational speed difference (|Na?Nb|) reaches a predetermined synchronization start determination rotational speed difference (Ds) from gear shift start. The twin-clutch transmission controls an actuator on the basis of the learned synchronization start gear shift drive displacement (?s).

Abstract: A cylindrical shift drum is rotatable around a third rotational axis. The cylindrical shift drum includes at least one lead groove in an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical shift drum. A shift fork shaft extending in parallel to the third rotational axis is disposed opposite to the outer circumferential surface. At least one shift fork includes a main portion slidably supported by the shift fork shaft and a pin portion rotatably supported by the main body portion. The main body portion includes a fork portion to be engaged with at least one shifter gear. The pin portion is inserted in one of the at least one lead groove. The cylindrical shift drum is to be rotated to guide the pin portion along the one of the at least one lead groove to move the at least one shift fork to shift the at least one shifter gear.

Abstract: A shift drum angle detecting device for a transmission includes shift forks, a shift drum, a first sensor shaft, a first angle sensor, a speed increasing mechanism, and a second angle sensor. The first angle sensor is to detect a rotational angle of the first sensor shaft to output a first output value based on the rotational angle. The speed increasing mechanism includes a speed increasing drive member, a speed increasing driven member, and a second sensor shaft. The second angle sensor is provided to the second sensor shaft to detect a rotational angle of the second sensor shaft and to output a second output value based on the rotational angle. A rotational angle of the shift drum is to be detected based on the first output value output from the first angle sensor and the second output value output from the second angle sensor.