Abstract: A silica particle includes: a quaternary ammonium salt, in which the following expressions are satisfied, 0.90?FBEFORE/FAFTER?1.10, and 5?FSINTERING/FBEFORE?20, in which FBEFORE represents a maximum frequency value of a pore diameter of 2 nm or less in the silica particles before washing, which is obtained from a pore distribution curve in a nitrogen gas adsorption method, FAFTER represents a maximum frequency value of the pore diameter of 2 nm or less in the silica particles after washing, which is obtained from the pore distribution curve in the nitrogen gas adsorption method, and FSINTERING represents a maximum frequency value of the pore diameter of 2 nm or less in the silica particles before washing and after sintering at 600° C., which is obtained from the pore distribution curve in the nitrogen gas adsorption method.

Abstract: An igniter controls a current flowing in a coil unit for supplying a high voltage to a spark plug for use in an internal combustion engine. The igniter includes: a pyrogenic power element, a metal block, a lead frame, and a controller. The lead frame electrically connects the metal block and the coil unit to each other. The controller controls the operation of the power element. The power element is fixed directly to the metal block by soldering at a surface of the power element on one side, and is electrically connected to the controller at a surface of the power element on the other side. With this configuration, heat generated during the operation of the power element is transferred smoothly in a moment to the metal block. As a result, temperature increase at the power element is suppressed during the operation of the power element.

Abstract: A node and coupling capacity selecting portion 4 extracts nodes (NDI) which simultaneously change from a net list (NTL) of a circuit diagram based on an input pattern (IP) and extracts a coupling capacity (CCI) not less than a designated value, and determines a node whose coupling capacity should be considered from the extraction result, and creats and holds information (ND/CC) of the judged nodes and the coupling capacities thereof. Then, simulation of the selected nodes including the coupling capacities thereof is conducted so that the result of the simulation is displayed in a waveform to thereby enable an efficient and highly precise crosstalk verification.

Abstract: A simulator includes a timing simulation section executing timing simulation for a logic circuit of an electronic component, a time management section extracting logical operation time at an output terminal of the electronic component from a result of the simulation, a transmission line simulation section executing simulation of a transmission line connected to the output terminal from the logical operation time extracted by the time management section, and a simulation result processing section combining the result of the simulation by the timing simulation section and a result of the transmission line simulation by the transmission line simulation section.

Abstract: A piezoelectric acoustic transducer that can be reliably and easily connected with an external conductor without detracting from the vibration characteristics of the piezoelectric acoustic transducing element is provided. A first case member is provided with an acoustic hole continuous with an internal space. A piezoelectric acoustic transducing element is constituted by mounting a piezoelectric element on one surface of a diaphragm and is housed inside the case partitioning the internal space into two portions. Ends of terminal members are connected to the piezoelectric element inside the case, their middle portions are held between the first case member and the second case member and the portions that are beyond the middle portions are led out to the outside of the case to constitute spring pieces, which are folded upward and back over the one surface of the second case member.