Abstract: A positioning terminal is provided and identifies, as appropriate, a satellite to be excluded, thereby improving positioning accuracy. A processor acquires a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an angle of elevation for each satellite. The processor next identifies a satellite for which the SNR is less than a shielding SNR mask as a multipath satellite and selects the satellite to be excluded. The processor next generates positioning terminal positioning data using a positioning signal from satellites other than the satellite to be excluded. The processor next uses reference station positioning data and positioning terminal positioning data of the selected satellite to execute an RTK calculation.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a large on-state current and high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a first insulator, a first oxide over the first insulator, a second oxide over the first oxide, a third oxide and a fourth oxide over the second oxide, a first conductor over the third oxide, a second conductor over the fourth oxide, a fifth oxide over the second oxide, a second insulator over the fifth oxide, and a third conductor over the second insulator. The fifth oxide is in contact with a top surface of the second oxide, a side surface of the first conductor, a side surface of the second conductor, a side surface of the third oxide, and a side surface of the fourth oxide. The second oxide contains In, an element M, and Zn. The first oxide and the fifth oxide each contain at least one of constituent elements included in the second oxide. The third oxide and the fourth oxide each contain the element M.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution containing a compound represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: A positive electrode active material in which a capacity decrease caused by charge and discharge cycles is suppressed is provided. Alternatively, a positive electrode active material having a crystal structure that is unlikely to be broken by repeated charging and discharging is provided. The positive electrode active material contains titanium, nickel, aluminum, magnesium, and fluorine, and includes a region where titanium is unevenly distributed, a region where nickel is unevenly distributed, and a region where magnesium is unevenly distributed in a projection on its surface. Aluminum is preferably unevenly distributed in a surface portion, not in the projection, of the positive electrode active material.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a transistor and an insulator placed so as to surround the transistor; the insulator has a barrier property against hydrogen; the transistor includes an oxide and a conductor; the conductor includes nitrogen and a metal; the conductor has a physical property of extracting hydrogen; the conductor includes a region having a hydrogen concentration higher than or equal to 2.0×1019 atoms/cm3 and lower than or equal to 1.0×1021 atoms/cm3; and at least part of hydrogen atoms included in the region is bonded to a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: There are provided a carbodiimide compound excellent in storage stability, and performance as a crosslinking agent, and a method for producing the same, and a resin composition excellent in the film forming properties and solvent resistance of a coating made at low temperature. A polycarbodiimide compound derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate compound having at least one primary isocyanate group, the polycarbodiimide compound having a structure in which all ends are capped with an organic compound having a functional group that reacts with an isocyanate group, carbodiimide group concentration A (%) and weight average molecular weight Mw satisfying the following formula (1), and a resin composition comprising the carbodiimide compound and an aqueous resin having a predetermined acid value at a predetermined ratio. (A/Mw)×1000?0.55??(1).

Abstract: There are provided a carbodiimide compound excellent in storage stability, and performance as a crosslinking agent, and a method for producing the same, and a resin composition excellent in the film forming properties and solvent resistance of a coating made at low temperature. A polycarbodiimide compound derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate compound having at least one primary isocyanate group, the polycarbodiimide compound having a structure in which all ends are capped with an organic compound having a functional group that reacts with an isocyanate group, carbodiimide group concentration A (%) and weight average molecular weight Mw satisfying the following formula (1), and a resin composition comprising the carbodiimide compound and an aqueous resin having a predetermined acid value at a predetermined ratio. (A/Mw)×1000?0.

Abstract: An information reader includes a reader main unit and a case. The case houses therein an inner pad serving as an electrostatic capacity type of switch used by an operator to enable an information reading unit to read information. The inner pad is assembled within the case to be directed toward a touch detection region of the case. A switch unit, which is separated from the reader main unit, is provided with a touch electrode pad to which electrical charge is applied in response to an operator's touch operation, a wiring line one of whose both ends is electrically connected to the touch electrode pad, and a transmission pad to which the other end is electrically connected. The transmission pad is assembled with the case on the outer surface thereof.

Abstract: An information reader includes a reader main unit and a case. The case houses therein an inner pad serving as an electrostatic capacity type of switch used by an operator to enable an information reading unit to read information. The inner pad is assembled within the case to be directed toward a touch detection region of the case. A switch unit, which is separated from the reader main unit, is provided with a touch electrode pad to which electrical charge is applied in response to an operator's touch operation, a wiring line one of whose both ends is electrically connected to the touch electrode pad, and a transmission pad to which the other end is electrically connected. The transmission pad is assembled with the case on the outer surface thereof.

Abstract: There are provided a resin additive with which the generation of an isocyanate gas during the production of a master batch or a resin composition can be effectively suppressed when a carbodiimide compound is used as an additive for improving the hydrolysis resistance of a resin, a master batch using the above resin additive, and a method for producing the same, and a resin composition using the above resin additive, and a method for producing the same. A resin additive comprising a carbodiimide compound (A) and a surfactant (B), and a master batch and a resin composition comprising the above resin additive and a resin (D), and methods for producing these.

Abstract: To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO3±? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a polyester resin composition, including the step of mixing a polyester resin (A), an aromatic carbodiimide (B) and an aliphatic polycarbodiimide (C) at a temperature not lower than a melting temperature of the polyester resin, in which the polyester resin (A) and the aromatic carbodiimide (B) are mixed in the presence of the aliphatic polycarbodiimide (C).

Abstract: The present invention provides an ester-based resin composition having a hydrolysis resistance which is free from significant increase in melt viscosity and solution viscosity. The ester-based resin composition of the present invention includes an ester-based resin, an aliphatic polycarbodiimide other than a xylylene-based aliphatic polycarbodiimide, and a xylylene-based polycarbodiimide, in which a mass ratio of the aliphatic polycarbodiimide other than a xylylene-based aliphatic polycarbodiimide to the xylylene-based polycarbodiimide [(aliphatic polycarbodiimide other than xylylene-based aliphatic polycarbodiimide)/(xylylene-based polycarbodiimide)] is from 0.1 to 10.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin composition including a polyester resin (A), an aromatic carbodiimide (B) and an aliphatic polycarbodiimide (C), the polyester resin (A) being a polyester resin (a-1) produced from an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid and a dialkyl ester thereof, or an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid anhydride, and an aliphatic polyol, a polyester resin (a-2) produced from an aromatic polycarboxylic acid and a dialkyl ester thereof, or an aromatic polycarboxylic acid anhydride, and an aliphatic polyol, a polyester resin (a-3) produced from 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid, polyethylene terephthalate (a-4), or a polyester resin (a-5) constituted of a copolymer of the polyester resins (a-1) and (a-2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a polyester resin composition, including the step of mixing a polyester resin (A), an aromatic carbodiimide (B) and an aliphatic polycarbodiimide (C) at a temperature not lower than a melting temperature of the polyester resin, in which the polyester resin (A) and the aromatic carbodiimide (B) are mixed in the presence of the aliphatic polycarbodiimide (C).

Abstract: To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO3±? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

Abstract: To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO3±? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

Abstract: Provided is a back sheet for a solar battery which holds an excellent gas barriering property and which is excellent in a weatherability and a light shielding property. It is a back sheet for a solar battery comprising a light shielding colored layer and a weather resistant polyester base resin layer and comprising a gas barriering layer containing a weather resistant coating layer and an inorganic thin film layer provided between the above layers, wherein the weather resistant coating layer comprises at least one selected from (a) a cross-linked product of polycaprolactonepolyol and/or polycarbonatepolyol, (b) a cross-linked product of modified polyvinyl alcohol and (c) an acryl base copolymer having at least one group selected from the group consisting of a UV ray stabilizing group, a UV ray absorbing group and a cycloalkyl group.

Abstract: Provided is a back sheet for a solar battery which holds an excellent gas barriering property and which is excellent in a weatherability and a light shielding property. It is a back sheet for a solar battery comprising a light shielding polyolefin base resin colored layer and a weather resistant polyester base resin layer and comprising a gas barriering layer containing a weather resistant coating layer and an inorganic thin film layer provided between the above layers, wherein the weather resistant coating layer comprises at least one selected from (a) a cross-linked product of polycaprolactonepolyol and/or polycarbonatepolyol, (b) a cross-linked product of modified polyvinyl alcohol and (c) an acryl base copolymer having at least one group selected from the group consisting of a UV ray stabilizing group, a UV ray absorbing group and a cycloalkyl group.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a novel active clay having superior decolorizing performance to the conventional active clays and a decolorizing agent comprising the active clay for animal and plant fats and oils or for mineral oils. [Means for Solution] The active clay has a porous volume of 0.40 to 0.60 cm3/g with porous sizes of 1.7 to 100 nm as measured by the nitrogen adsorption method, a porous volume ratio (B/A) of the porous volume (A) with porous sizes of 1.7 to 11.5 nm and the porous volume (B) with porous sizes of not smaller than 11.5 nm but not larger than 100 nm in a range of 0.75 to 1.5, and an amount of solid acid of Ho??3.0 in a range of 0.15 to 0.40 mmols/g.