Abstract: The fuel reservoir for a fuel cell is a fuel reservoir detachably connected with a fuel cell main body, and it is equipped with a fuel-storing vessel of a tube type for storing a liquid fuel and a fuel discharge part; the fuel discharge part is provided with a valve for sealing communication between the inside and the outside of the above fuel-storing vessel. The valve assumes a structure in which a slit is formed in an elastic material and a structure in which a valve member is pressed by a resilient body, and is opened by inserting a fuel-supplying member.

Abstract: A carbon heating element having an arbitrary specific resistance and an arbitrary shape which are arbitrary necessary as a heating element, and a method of producing the same. The carbon heating element is obtained by uniformly dispersing one or at least two metal or metalloid compounds into a composition having shapability and showing a high yield of a carbon residue after firing, shaping the dispersed material-containing mixture thus obtained, and firing the shaped material under a nonoxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: In order to provide a fuel reservoir for a small sized fuel cell which is suitably used as an electric power source for portable electronic appliances such as cellular phones, note type personal computers and PDA, assumed is a structure in which a fuel reservoir for a fuel cell detachably connected with a fuel cell main body is equipped with a fuel-storing vessel for storing a liquid fuel, a fuel discharge part and a follower which seals the liquid fuel and moves as the liquid fuel is consumed and into which a follower auxiliary member is inserted at a rear end of the liquid fuel, wherein the follower auxiliary member has no fluidity and is insoluble in the liquid fuel, and it has a cross-sectional area of 50% or more based on a cross-sectional area of the fuel-storing vessel in a diameter direction.

Abstract: A fixing heater is provided that employs, as a heating element, a material having small heat capacity and excellent wear resistance. A metal or semi-metal compound that can act as an electrical conduction inhibiting material is mixed into a carbon-containing resin such as a furan resin, chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, etc., and a pattern of a heating element is formed on a substrate, by screen printing, and then is sintered at temperature of about 1000° C. to obtain a fixing heater including amorphous carbon and having NTC characteristics.

Abstract: An electrode for an electron gun and an electron gun using same are provided which make use of stable carbon material having small work function and which permit orientation control to be achieved and which can be manufactured at a low cost. An electrode for an electron gun uses carbon electrode(s) formed from amorphous carbon and carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and molded in linear shape. The carbon electrode is obtained by mixing a resin composition such as chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, furan resin, etc., which forms non-graphitizing carbon after carbonizing, with a carbon powder such as carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and, after extrusion, molding and carbonizing the molding obtained.

Abstract: The fuel reservoir for a fuel cell is a fuel reservoir detachably connected with a fuel cell main body, and it is equipped with a fuel-storing vessel of a tube type for storing a liquid fuel and a fuel discharge part; the fuel discharge part is provided with a valve for sealing communication between the inside and the outside of the above fuel-storing vessel; and a follower which seals the liquid fuel and moves as the liquid fuel is consumed is disposed in the rear end part of the liquid fuel stored. The valve assumes a structure in which a slit is formed in an elastic material and a structure in which a valve member is pressed by a resilient body.

Abstract: A fuel cell is equipped with a fuel cell main body, a liquid fuel-storing tank for storing a liquid fuel and a fuel-supplying member which has a penetrating structure and is connected with the liquid fuel-storing tank and which supplies the liquid fuel to the liquid fuel main body, wherein the liquid fuel-storing tank is provided with a liquid fuel reservoir comprising a cylindrical fuel-storing vessel for storing the liquid fuel, a fuel discharge part provided at a lower part of the fuel-storing vessel and having a fuel discharge valve and a follower which is disposed at a rear end of the liquid fuel stored in the fuel-storing vessel and which moves as the liquid fuel is consumed, a housing box member which encompasses at least a part of the liquid fuel reservoir via a space part in the periphery of the liquid fuel reservoir and whose rear end part is closed and pressurized gas which is filled in the space part.

Abstract: The invention provides at a relatively low cost a carbon substrate that is formed from an opaque material and that has an extremely flat surface so that optical measurements can be made on the substrate. Graphite powder with a particle size of 10 ?m or less is mixed in a thermosetting resin such as a furan resin, and the mixture is molded into a sheet and calcined at 1400° C. in an inert atmosphere to produce a carbon substrate whose surface is then ground flat.

Abstract: In order to provide a small-sized fuel cell suitably used as an electric power source for portable electronic appliances such as cellular phones, note type personal computers and PDA, assumed is a structure in which connected are plural unit cells each of which is formed by constructing an electrolyte layer on a fuel electrode body and constructing an air electrode layer on the electrolyte layer and in which a fuel supplying member connected with a fuel storing tank for storing a liquid fuel and having a penetrating structure or the fuel electrode body is connected with the respective unit cells to supply the liquid fuel, wherein a liquid fuel occlusion body comprising a porous body and/or a fiber bundle having capillary force is accommodated in the liquid fuel storing tank.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicle lamp that is designed to reliably remove snow, etc. adhering to a lens. A carbon-based heating element is mounted within a lamp body so that the heat rays radiated from the heating element irradiate a rear surface of the lens.

Abstract: The invention provides a substrate suitable for cell culture observation and a method of observation using the same. Crystalline carbon such as a graphite powder is mixed into a thermosetting resin such as a furan resin, and the mixture is molded in the shape of a sheet and carbonized to produce a carbon substrate; then, a cell is made to adhere to the carbon substrate, and the cell is caused to proliferate on the carbon substrate and observed using a microscope.

Abstract: A fuel container includes a container body having a fuel discharge port and an interior spacing. A body of liquid fuel is filled in the interior spacing of the container body. Follower units are provided in the container body, in contact with at least a part of an end of the body of the liquid fuel. Solid follower auxiliary members are interposed between the follower units and the body of liquid fuel to be optically detectable.

Abstract: A carbonaceous porous material having excellent mechanical strength is obtained by mixing a resin, that can be used as starting material for amorphous carbon, uniformly with carbon powder and an organic substance with a carbon residue rate of 0˜5% and, after molding the mixture in an arbitrary shape, carbonizing the mixture at temperature of 500° C. or higher.

Abstract: A liquid fuel is contained in a fuel container, and the liquid fuel is discharged from a fuel outlet. Further, a water is contained in a water containing pipe provided in the fuel container, and the water is discharged from a water outlet to the outside. Air taken into the fuel container through a dustproof filter attached to a rear lid portion of the fuel container is discharged to the outside from an oxygen source outlet through an oxygen source pipe. The fuel outlet, oxygen source outlet and water outlet are provided in a front outer surface of the front lid portion.

Abstract: The invention provides at a relatively low cost a carbon substrate that is formed from an opaque material and that has an extremely flat surface so that optical measurements can be made on the substrate. Graphite powder with a particle size of 10 ?m or less is mixed in a thermosetting resin such as a furan resin, and the mixture is molded into a sheet and calcined at 1400° C. in an inert atmosphere to produce a carbon substrate whose surface is then ground flat.

Abstract: An electrode for an electron gun and an electron gun using same are provided which make use of stable carbon material having small work function and which permit orientation control to be achieved and which can be manufactured at a low cost. An electrode for an electron gun uses carbon electrode(s) formed from amorphous carbon and carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and molded in linear shape. The carbon electrode is obtained by mixing a resin composition such as chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, furan resin, etc., which forms non-graphitizing carbon after carbonizing, with a carbon powder such as carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and, after extrusion, molding and carbonizing the molding obtained.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing diamond is provided that can form a thin film of synthetic diamond even on an amorphous substrate such as a glass substrate. Electrodes, each formed from a composite carbon material comprising amorphous carbon and carbon powder uniformly dispersed therein, are placed in a hydrogen atmosphere, and a spark is produced between the electrodes, causing the carbon to sublime and deposit on a silicon substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell characterized in that a base material comprises a carbonaceous porous body having electrical conductivity in a part or the whole part and that a unit cell in which the respective layers of electrode/electrolyte/electrode are formed on the surface of the base material assumes a structure in which the base material is impregnated with liquid fuel (for example: methanol solution) and the surface of the electrode formed on the outside surface of the base material is exposed to air. The carbonaceous porous body having an electrical conductivity is allowed to have jointly functions as an electrode•collector, an impregnating medium for liquid fuel and oxidizing agent gas and a cell supporter, whereby a separator can be unneeded, and therefore a fuel cell which can reduce a size of a fuel cell system and which can exhibit a high output is provided by making use of the above unneeded space as a field for convecting and diffusing oxidizing agent gas or the liquid fuel.

Abstract: An electrode for an electron gun and an electron gun using same are provided which make use of stable carbon material having small work function and which permit orientation control to be achieved and which can be manufactured at a low cost. An electrode for an electron gun uses carbon electrode(s) formed from amorphous carbon and carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and molded in linear shape. The carbon electrode is obtained by mixing a resin composition such as chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, furan resin, etc., which forms non-graphitizing carbon after carbonizing, with a carbon powder such as carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and, after extrusion, molding and carbonizing the molding obtained.

Abstract: A carbon microrod that holds a fine object by chemically adsorbing the object on the surface to make a dynamic measurement possible. An organic substance that leaves, after firing, glassy carbon that hardly becomes graphite, such as a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, is mixed with a fine graphite powder having an average particle size of 1 ?m, and the mixture is extrusion molded with a die having a diameter of 50 ?m; the molded article is fired to give a carbon microrod comprising glassy carbon and crystalline carbon.