Abstract: A modulator includes an integrator, an input chopping switch, and output chopping switch, and a control circuit. The integrator has a differential amplifier, a first switch and a series circuit. The first switch is connected between input and output terminals of the differential amplifier. The series circuit is connected between the input and output terminals of the differential amplifier. The series circuit has a second switch, an input capacitance chopping switch, an integration capacitor and an output capacitance chopping switch. The control circuit controls the input chopping switch and the output chopping switch to execute chopping being at a chopping frequency identical to the input capacitance chopping switch and the output capacitance chopping switch. The chopping frequency of the input and output capacitance chopping switches is lower than a switching frequency of the first switch.

Abstract: Shears configured with blade pieces having pin holes, at least one of which is polygonal, along basal ends of the blade pieces, and a pin-hole swivel pin, and provided with grooves on either of opposing inner-side faces of the blade pieces. When the shears are in a predetermined open/close state, the grooves lead from the pin holes to the blade pieces' exterior. The pin is constituted by a columnar pin shank ending in cap portions. Rotatable, the pin shank interiorly contacts the polygonal pin hole's sides. The cap portion along the at least one blade piece having the polygonal pin hole has an opening interconnecting a gap between the pin hole and the pin shank with the cap portion's outer side. The grooves, the pin-hole/pin-shank gap, and the opening secure washing-fluid or air channels for cleaning out the pin holes, and realize a light, jiggle-free operational feel.

Abstract: Shears configured with blade pieces having pin holes, at least one of which is polygonal, along basal ends of the blade pieces, and a pin-hole swivel pin, and provided with grooves on either of opposing inner-side faces of the blade pieces. When the shears are in a predetermined open/close state, the grooves lead from the pin holes to the blade pieces' exterior. The pin is constituted by a columnar pin shank ending in cap portions. Rotatable, the pin shank interiorly contacts the polygonal pin hole's sides. The cap portion along the at least one blade piece having the polygonal pin hole has an opening interconnecting a gap between the pin hole and the pin shank with the cap portion's outer side. The grooves, the pin-hole/pin-shank gap, and the opening secure washing-fluid or air channels for cleaning out the pin holes, and realize a light, jiggle-free operational feel.

Abstract: A hand-operated tool lock mechanism secures a pair of grips in a closed locked state. The mechanism includes: a holding recess at the end of one grip; an engaging recess at the end of the other grip; a ring component removably and rotatably disposed in the holding recess, which engages with the engaging recess placing the grips in the closed state; and a catch for removably and rotatably inserting the ring component in the holding recess. The holding recess and the catch hold the ring component oriented away from the other grip when the ring component is disengaged from the engaging recess. When the hand-operated tool is used, the releasing of the ring component from the locked state causes the ring component to be held between the holding recess and the catch in an orientation in which the ring component does not contact the other grip.

Abstract: A hand-operated tool lock mechanism secures a pair of grips in a closed locked state. The mechanism includes: a holding recess at the end of one grip; an engaging recess at the end of the other grip; a ring component removably and rotatably disposed in the holding recess, which engages with the engaging recess placing the grips in the closed state; and a catch for removably and rotatably inserting the ring component in the holding recess. The holding recess and the catch hold the ring component oriented away from the other grip when the ring component is disengaged from the engaging recess. When the hand-operated tool is used, the releasing of the ring component from the locked state causes the ring component to be held between the holding recess and the catch in an orientation in which the ring component does not contact the other grip.

Abstract: An electric trimming device (100) achieves mechanical advantages by use of a rotational assembly (600) creating an offset rotation used to move a movable blade (350) in a back and forth series of movements. Thus, traditional rotational movement from an electric motor is efficiently translated into a reciprocating scissor type movement. A moveable blade (350) defines a longitudinal void (360) the void used to retain a sliding pin (616) with a scissor blade bearing (618) rotating around the sliding pin. The sliding pin is attached to outer portions a radial rotational plate (610) with an inner portion of the plate attached to an axle of a motor. To achieve a smooth planar movement of the moveable blade the radial rotational plate spins in and out of a guide assembly (700).

Abstract: Various scissor embodiments feature channel voids or passages defined within the inside surfaces of scissor blades or shaft sections. The channel voids or passages allow foreign matter to be self-expelled by the movement of the scissor blades. Disclosed blades or shafts are pivotally connected by a new connection assembly that expels foreign matter during the normal use of the scissors. Disclosed embodiments include scissors comprising: a pair of blades (1A, 1B) overlapping each other; and a shaft (3) inserted through a shaft support hole (2) in the blades (1A, 1B) and having a tip (4) that is bucked to allow the blades (1A, 1B) to pivot in an abutting state, a passage communicating with the outside to allow inflow and outflow of water, etc. is formed between abutting faces (5) of both blades (1A, 1B) and between the shaft (3) and the shaft support holes (2).

Abstract: A high sensitive and stable blood leak detector suitable for use with artificial kidneys. The detector has an optical portion comprising a measurement cell through which dialysis solution under test passes, an alternately energized pair of light-emitting diodes positioned on one side of the cell, and a photo sensitive detector positioned at the opposite side of the cell and close thereto. One light-emitting diode emits radiation at longer wavelengths, and the other at shorter wavelengths. Both the diodes are adjusted to produce photo detecting signals at the same level when no blood exists in the cell. The photo detecting signals at the photosensitive detector are detected and analyzed to give signals deflected in one direction in proportion to the degree of blood leak when it has occurred. When bubbles are detected, they give signals in the opposite direction, based on the fact that blood absorbs light mainly at shorter wavelengths while bubbles scatter light mainly at longer wavelengths.