Abstract: A roller for electrophotography that has a low electric resistance value and that is still further reduced in contaminating property of other member is provided. The roller includes an electro-conductive mandrel and a surface layer having an electro-conductive foam. The electro-conductive foam includes a vulcanized product of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a hydrin rubber. The vulcanized product has a matrix-domain structure having a sea phase and an island phase, contains ethylene oxide of 8.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on a total amount of the vulcanized product, and has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 750 ?s<T2<930 ?s.

Abstract: There is provided a composite structure, comprising a base member(s) made of metallic material, and a reinforcement member(s) made of fiber reinforced plastic including reinforcement fibers which are aligned in a uni-direction, wherein at least one slit is formed on the reinforcement member(s) so as to extend in an orientation direction of the reinforcement fibers.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reproduce vehicle behavioral frequencies during a vehicle test that are close to those on a road. Vehicle restraining devices 1 restrain a vehicle 3 provided on a chassis dynamometer 2 and are each provided with a first attachment member 4, a support post unit 5, a second attachment member 6 and a buffer unit 7. The first attachment members 4 are attached to right and left front end portions and rear end portions of the vehicle 3. The second attachment members 6 are attached to the support post units 5. The buffer units 7 are provided between the first attachment members 4 and the second attachment members 6. Further, the buffer units 7 are filled with air and can be compressed freely.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reproduce vehicle behavioral frequencies during a vehicle test that are close to those on a road. Vehicle restraining devices 1 restrain a vehicle 3 provided on a chassis dynamometer 2 and are each provided with a first attachment member 4, a support post unit 5, a second attachment member 6 and a buffer unit 7. The first attachment members 4 are attached to right and left front end portions and rear end portions of the vehicle 3. The second attachment members 6 are attached to the support post units 5. The buffer units 7 are provided between the first attachment members 4 and the second attachment members 6. Further, the buffer units 7 are filled with air and can be compressed freely.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography that has a low electric resistance value and that is still further reduced in contaminating property of other member is provided. The roller includes an electro-conductive mandrel and a surface layer having an electro-conductive foam. The electro-conductive foam includes a vulcanized product of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a hydrin rubber. The vulcanized product has a matrix-domain structure having a sea phase and an island phase, contains ethylene oxide of 8.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on a total amount of the vulcanized product, and has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 750 ?s<T2<930 ?s.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography that has a low electric resistance value and that is still further reduced in contaminating property of other member is provided. The roller includes an electro-conductive mandrel and a surface layer having an electro-conductive foam. The electro-conductive foam includes a vulcanized product of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a hydrin rubber. The vulcanized product has a matrix-domain structure having a sea phase and an island phase, contains ethylene oxide of 8.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on a total amount of the vulcanized product, and has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 750 ?s<T2<930 ?s.

Abstract: An engine testing apparatus is provided with a memory portion for storing a control command value obtained when the rotation speed of a dynamometer is changed by the control command value in accordance with the change of the engine rotation speed in a real vehicle in a period in which the engine behavior in a real vehicle is reproduced without connecting the dynamometer to an engine under test. The engine testing apparatus is provided with an output portion that supplies the control command value stored in the memory portion to the dynamometer with reference to an engine output signal showing the start of the reproducing period.

Abstract: Provided is a dynamometer system dynamo control device that can accurately reproduce a no-load state. The dynamo control device includes controllers that are designed, using a H-infinity control or a ?-design method, such that, for a generalized plant that outputs observation output and a controlled variable from external input and from control input, the response from the input until the variable is shortened. The generalized plant includes a dynamic characteristics model wherein the characteristics of a dynamometer system are identified such that the angular acceleration is output from the external input and the control input. The controlled variable is the difference between the angular acceleration calculated for an engine alone on the basis of the external input and the angular acceleration calculated by the dynamic characteristics model.

Abstract: There is provided a composite structure, comprising a base member(s) made of metallic material, and a reinforcement member(s) made of fiber reinforced plastic including reinforcement fibers which are aligned in a uni-direction, wherein at least one slit is formed on the reinforcement member(s) so as to extend in an orientation direction of the reinforcement fibers.

Abstract: Provided is a testing system which is able to reproduce road surfaces in different states between both right and left tires. A testing system is provided with: a tire speed calculation unit which calculates virtual left and right tire speed values; a vehicle speed calculation unit which calculates a virtual vehicle speed value; a vehicle drive torque calculation unit which calculates left and right vehicle drive torque values; a differential torque calculation unit which calculates left and right differential torque values; and a speed control device which outputs a torque current command signal such that a deviation between a speed command value and a value detected by an encoder is eliminated. The tire speed calculation unit calculates the tire speed value on the basis of the differential torque values and the vehicle drive torque values.

Abstract: Provided is a dynamometer system dynamo control device that can accurately reproduce a no-load state. The dynamo control device includes controllers that are designed, using a H-infinity control or a ?-design method, such that, for a generalized plant that outputs observation output and a controlled variable from external input and from control input, the response from the input until the variable is shortened. The generalized plant includes a dynamic characteristics model wherein the characteristics of a dynamometer system are identified such that the angular acceleration is output from the external input and the control input. The controlled variable is the difference between the angular acceleration calculated for an engine alone on the basis of the external input and the angular acceleration calculated by the dynamic characteristics model.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography that has a low electric resistance value and that is still further reduced in contaminating property of other member is provided. The roller includes an electro-conductive mandrel and a surface layer having an electro-conductive foam. The electro-conductive foam includes a vulcanized product of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a hydrin rubber. The vulcanized product has a matrix-domain structure having a sea phase and an island phase, contains ethylene oxide of 8.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on a total amount of the vulcanized product, and has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 750 ?s<T2<930 ?s.

Abstract: Provided is an engine bench system capable of performing a racing test with good precision. A test body is separated into an engine main body and intermediate coupling body for connecting a crankshaft and an output shaft of the dynamometer. The engine bench system is provided with: a shaft torque sensor for detecting torsional torque; a shaft torque command generation apparatus for calculating a dynamo-side shaft torque command value by summing an engine-side shaft torque command value, and a torque value proportional to the moment of inertia of the intermediate coupling body; and a shaft torque controller for generating a torque control signal on the basis of the dynamo-side shaft torque command value and the output value of the shaft torque sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a testing system which is able to reproduce road surfaces in different states between both right and left tires. A testing system is provided with: a tire speed calculation unit which calculates virtual left and right tire speed values; a vehicle speed calculation unit which calculates a virtual vehicle speed value; a vehicle drive torque calculation unit which calculates left and right vehicle drive torque values; a differential torque calculation unit which calculates left and right differential torque values; and a speed control device which outputs a torque current command signal such that a deviation between a speed command value and a value detected by an encoder is eliminated. The tire speed calculation unit calculates the tire speed value on the basis of the differential torque values and the vehicle drive torque values.

Abstract: Provided is an engine bench system capable of performing a racing test with good precision. A test body is separated into an engine main body and intermediate coupling body for connecting a crankshaft and an output shaft of the dynamometer. The engine bench system is provided with: a shaft torque sensor for detecting torsional torque; a shaft torque command generation apparatus for calculating a dynamo-side shaft torque command value by summing an engine-side shaft torque command value, and a torque value proportional to the moment of inertia of the intermediate coupling body; and a shaft torque controller for generating a torque control signal on the basis of the dynamo-side shaft torque command value and the output value of the shaft torque sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a testing system for a drivetrain, the testing system capable of simulating the slip behavior of a tire. A testing system is provided with: tire speed calculation units; a vehicle speed calculation unit; vehicle driving torque calculation units which calculate vehicle driving torque values; and speed control devices which output command signals such that the deviations between command values and output values from encoders are eliminated, respectively. The tire speed calculation units calculate the tire speed values on the basis of tire driving torque values obtained by subtracting the vehicle driving torque values from output values from shaft torque meters, respectively, and the vehicle speed calculation unit calculates the vehicle speed value on the basis of the vehicle driving torque values.

Abstract: Provided is a test system capable of stable torque control. A test system is provided with: an excitation torque command calculation unit which calculates an excitation torque command value; a shaft torque command calculation unit which defines a value obtained by adding up a base torque command value and the excitation torque command value as a torque command value; a controller which determines a first control input value such that a shaft torque detection value becomes the shaft torque command value; a feedforward input calculation unit which defines a value obtained by removing components equal to or less than a predetermined frequency from the shaft torque command value as a second control input value; and an addition unit which defines a value obtained by adding up the first and second control input values as a torque current command value.

Abstract: Provided is a testing system for a drivetrain, the testing system capable of simulating the slip behavior of a tire. A testing system is provided with: tire speed calculation units; a vehicle speed calculation unit; vehicle driving torque calculation units which calculate vehicle driving torque values; and speed control devices which output command signals such that the deviations between command values and output values from encoders are eliminated, respectively. The tire speed calculation units calculate the tire speed values on the basis of tire driving torque values obtained by subtracting the vehicle driving torque values from output values from shaft torque meters, respectively, and the vehicle speed calculation unit calculates the vehicle speed value on the basis of the vehicle driving torque values.

Abstract: Provided is a test system capable of stable torque control. A test system is provided with: an excitation torque command calculation unit which calculates an excitation torque command value; a shaft torque command calculation unit which defines a value obtained by adding up a base torque command value and the excitation torque command value as a torque command value; a controller which determines a first control input value such that a shaft torque detection value becomes the shaft torque command value; a feedforward input calculation unit which defines a value obtained by removing components equal to or less than a predetermined frequency from the shaft torque command value as a second control input value; and an addition unit which defines a value obtained by adding up the first and second control input values as a torque current command value.

Abstract: An engine testing apparatus is provided with a memory portion for storing a control command value obtained when the rotation speed of a dynamometer is changed by the control command value in accordance with the change of the engine rotation speed in a real vehicle in a period in which the engine behavior in a real vehicle is reproduced without connecting the dynamometer to an engine under test. The engine testing apparatus is provided with an output portion that supplies the control command value stored in the memory portion to the dynamometer with reference to an engine output signal showing the start of the reproducing period.