Abstract: An endoscope system includes a processor and displays a distribution image of living substance feature amounts obtained from an imaged image of a living tissue. The processor calculates the living substance feature amount in the living tissue, for example, an amount of hemoglobin and oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin using components of color image data of the living tissue illuminated with at least two lights, generates the feature amount distribution image illustrating a distribution of the living substance feature amounts, and controls display of the feature amount distribution image in order to display the generated feature amount distribution image so as to be superimposed on the image of the living tissue.

Abstract: An analysis device includes a wavelength selection unit that alternatively extracts first special light and second special light from light emitted from the light source device, an image sensor that includes a RGB color filter, and a signal processing unit. In this configuration, the first special light includes light in a first wavelength region and the second special light includes light in a second wavelength region that is different from the first wavelength region. The signal processing unit calculates an indicator that indicates a feature amount of biological tissue based on a pixel signal that corresponds to the light in the first wavelength region and a pixel signal that corresponds to the light in the second wavelength region, and generates a color captured image based on a pixel signal that corresponds to light that passes through the RGB color filter.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: a light source apparatus; an endoscope having an imaging unit that includes an image sensor configured to generate color image data imaging biological tissue illuminated by light emitter by the light source apparatus; and a processor that has a first parameter generation unit configured to generate a first parameter that has sensitivity to a first feature amount of the biological tissue but does not have sensitivity to light scattering by the biological tissue based on the color image data, and a first feature amount acquisition unit configured to acquire the first feature amount based on the first parameter.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes a processor and displays a distribution image of living substance feature amounts obtained from an imaged image of a living tissue. The processor calculates the living substance feature amount in the living tissue, for example, an amount of hemoglobin and oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin using components of color image data of the living tissue illuminated with at least two lights, generates the feature amount distribution image illustrating a distribution of the living substance feature amounts, and controls display of the feature amount distribution image in order to display the generated feature amount distribution image so as to be superimposed on the image of the living tissue.

Abstract: An analysis device includes a wavelength selection unit that alternatively extracts first special light and second special light from light emitted from the light source device, an image sensor that includes a RGB color filter, and a signal processing unit. In this configuration, the first special light includes light in a first wavelength region and the second special light includes light in a second wavelength region that is different from the first wavelength region. The signal processing unit calculates an indicator that indicates a feature amount of biological tissue based on a pixel signal that corresponds to the light in the first wavelength region and a pixel signal that corresponds to the light in the second wavelength region, and generates a color captured image based on a pixel signal that corresponds to light that passes through the RGB color filter.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: a light source apparatus; an endoscope having an imaging unit that includes an image sensor configured to generate color image data imaging biological tissue illuminated by light emitter by the light source apparatus; and a processor that has a first parameter generation unit configured to generate a first parameter that has sensitivity to a first feature amount of the biological tissue but does not have sensitivity to light scattering by the biological tissue based on the color image data, and a first feature amount acquisition unit configured to acquire the first feature amount based on the first parameter.

Abstract: A diagnostic system comprises a spectral image shooting means that shoots a spectral image within a predetermined wavelength range in a body cavity and obtains spectral image data, an image processing means that obtains the spectral image data and calculates an indicator indicating an area having a high possibility of a diseased portion from the spectral image data, and a monitor on which the indicator is displayed, and wherein the image processing means calculates, as the indicator, a ratio between an accumulated value of intensity values of all spectral images in the predetermined wavelength range and an intensity value of spectral images in a particular wavelength band, for each coordinate in the spectral image.

Abstract: An electronic endo scope system includes a light source that emits light including at least a visible light band, an optical filter that has a transmittance peak at a particular wavelength within a continuous wavelength band including at least the visible light band and that has a transmittance distribution which is based on the transmittance peak within an entire of the continuous wavelength band except the transmittance peak, an optical filter switching unit that inserts and retracts the optical filter into and out of an illumination optical path of the light source, a color solid state image pick-up device that receives reflected light from a subject illuminated with illumination light which has passed, or not passed, through the optical filter, and an image generating unit that generates a color image displayable on a monitor by processing an imaging signal output by the solid state image pick-up device.

Abstract: A diagnostic system comprises a spectral image shooting means that shoots a spectral image within a predetermined wavelength range in a body cavity and obtains spectral image data, an image processing means that obtains the spectral image data and calculates an indicator indicating an area having a high possibility of a diseased portion from the spectral image data, and a monitor on which the indicator is displayed, and wherein the image processing means calculates, as the indicator, a ratio between an accumulated value of intensity values of all spectral images in the predetermined wavelength range and an intensity value of spectral images in a particular wavelength band, for each coordinate in the spectral image.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes an entrance face that is optically coupleable with a device for transmitting a light beam through the optical fiber. The entrance face includes a core region and a cladding region surrounding the core region. The cladding region is at least partially covered with a coating, which is made of metal, for example. That is, the coating is formed over a whole area of the cladding region or the coating is formed on an area of the cladding region defined in a vicinity of the core region. The coating has a mirror surface to increase the reflectivity thereof and enhances the reflectivity of the entrance face.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a light source that emits a light beam and an optical fiber having a core and a cladding. The optical fiber has a light entrance face having a core region and a cladding region. The light beam emitted by the light source is converged by a converging lens on the core region and is transmitted through the optical fiber. The entrance face is configured to generate a light intensity distribution in light reflected by the light entrance face depending on a position where the light beam is incident on the entrance face, a converging lens arranged between the light source and the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a light source that emits a light beam and an optical fiber having a core and a cladding. The optical fiber has a light entrance face having a core region and a cladding region. The light beam emitted by the light source is converged by a converging lens on the core region and is transmitted through the optical fiber. The entrance face is configured to generate a light intensity distribution in light reflected by the light entrance face depending on a position where the light beam is incident on the entrance face, a converging lens arranged between the light source and the optical fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a spectacle lens. The entire range of available vertex power of a spectacle lens is divided into a plurality of sections, and a plurality of types of semifinished lens blanks that are different in base curve are prepared for each of the sections. On the basis of required vertex power, choices of lens blanks are narrowed down. The plurality of types of the semifinished lens blanks can be selected for a specific vertex power. A customer selects one type of the semifinished lens blank based on weightings of optical performance and outward appearance. Further, a back surface of the selected semifinished lens blank is processed to form a finished lens according to a required specification for the spectacle lens.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes an entrance face that is optically coupleable with a device for transmitting a light beam through the optical fiber. The entrance face includes a core region and a cladding region surrounding the core region. The cladding region is at least partially covered with a coating, which is made of metal, for example. That is, the coating is formed over a whole area of the cladding region or the coating is formed on an area of the cladding region defined in a vicinity of the core region. The coating has a mirror surface to increase the reflectivity thereof and enhances the reflectivity of the entrance face.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single-vision astigmatic-power spectacle lens having cylindrical power to correct astigmatism of an eye. The spectacle lens has front and back surfaces, one of which is a rotationally-asymmetrical aspherical surface. The rotationally-asymmetrical aspherical surface has a first rotationally-asymmetrical component to add said cylindrical power for correcting astigmatism of an eye and a second rotationally-asymmetrical component to correct the aberrations in the directions between first and second principal meridians caused by adding the cylindrical power. That is, when the sag z(h, &thgr;) is expressed as a function of the angle &thgr; while fixing the distance h from the center, a curve of the function has a larger gradient in close to the local maximum and a smaller gradient in close to the local minimum as compared with the curve interpolated by the sine curve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a spectacle lens. The entire range of available vertex power of a spectacle lens is divided into a plurality of sections, and at least one type of semifinished lens blank whose front surface is finished is prepared for each of the sections. On the basis of required specification, one type of the semifinished lens blank is selected. Further, an aspherical shape design for processing the back surface of the selected semifinished lens blank is determined according to the required specification. The aspherical shape of the back surface is optimized such that average power errors or astigmatisms of the finished lenses having different vertex powers within the same section are approximately balanced. Finally the back surface is processed based on the determined aspherical shape.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single-vision astigmatic-power spectacle lens having cylindrical power to correct astigmatism of an eye. The spectacle lens has front and back surfaces, one of which is a rotationally-asymmetrical aspherical surface. The rotationally-asymmetrical aspherical surface has a first rotationally-asymmetrical component to add said cylindrical power for correcting astigmatism of an eye and a second rotationally-asymmetrical component to correct the aberrations in the directions between first and second principal meridians caused by adding the cylindrical power. That is, when the sag z(h, &thgr;) is expressed as a function of the angle &thgr; while fixing the distance h from the center, a curve of the function has a larger gradient in close to the local maximum and a smaller gradient in close to the local minimum as compared with the curve interpolated by the sine curve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a spectacle lens. The entire range of available vertex power of a spectacle lens is divided into a plurality of sections, and a plurality of types of semifinished lens blanks that are different in base curve are prepared for each of the sections. On the basis of required vertex power, choices of lens blanks are narrowed down. The plurality of types of the semifinished lens blanks can be selected for a specific vertex power. A customer selects one type of the semifinished lens blank based on weightings of optical performance and outward appearance. Further, a back surface of the selected semifinished lens blank is processed to form a finished lens according to a required specification for the spectacle lens.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a spectacle lens. The entire range of available vertex power of a spectacle lens is divided into a plurality of sections, and at least one type of semifinished lens blank whose front surface is finished is prepared for each of the sections. On the basis of required specification, one type of the semifinished lens blank is selected. Further, an aspherical shape design for processing the back surface of the selected semifinished lens blank is determined according to the required specification. The aspherical shape of the back surface is optimized such that average power errors or astigmatisms of the finished lenses having different vertex powers within the same section are approximately balanced. Finally the back surface is processed based on the determined aspherical shape.

Abstract: A back-surface progressive power lens is provided having a negative dioptric power for distance vision, the value of a surface power Pfm of the progressive surface in the main meridional plane at a first point on the main meridian in a distance portion of the progressive power lens is less than the value of a surface power Pfs of the progressive surface in a plane perpendicular to the main meridional plane at the first point; and the value of a surface power Pnm of the progressive surface in the main meridional plane at a second point on the main meridian in a near portion of the progressive power lens is greater than the value of a surface power Pns of the progressive surface in a plane perpendicular to the main meridional plane at the second point.