Abstract: A navigation apparatus is provided for surveying the position of the apparatus with such surveying unit as a global positioning system (GPS), to have respective figures of reference latitudinal and longitudinal lines X and Y displayed on a display device and, at the same time, to have the latitude and longitude of the position to be indicated by a present position mark of the apparatus calculated in accordance with a preliminarily set scale of reduction of a map utilized. Then, the user places the apparatus on the map so that the latitudinal and longitudinal lines X and Y displayed on the apparatus will coincide with corresponding latitudinal and longitudinal lines on the map, and then the present position can be recognized by the user by means of the present position mark of the display device on the map.

Abstract: A dry shaver has a flat casing mounting a flat cutter head composed of an outer shear foil and an inner cutter assembly. The inner cutter assembly is driven by a flat motor accommodated within the casing to reciprocate in hair shearing engagement with the outer shear foil. A flat and elongated battery is disposed within the casing over substantially the entire length thereof in side-by-side relation to the flat motor. The motor has a length shorter than the battery and is disposed in the casing with its lower end in substantially the same level as that of the battery so as to define above the motor a space which extends into an upper center portion from one lateral side of the casing. The flat motor has an output rotor shaft extending upwardly into the space for coupling thereat to an output rotor shaft.

Abstract: An improved battery charger for charging a battery from a dc power source includes a DC-to-DC converter comprising a transformer and a switching transistor connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer. The transformer has its primary winding connected to the dc power source and has its secondary winding connected to the battery to be charged. The switching transistor is controlled to be alternately turned on and off in order to develop across the secondary winding an induce voltage which is rectified to be applied to the battery for charging the same. The secondary winding of the transformer is electrically connected to the dc voltage source in such a manner that the induced voltage of the transformer is in an additive relation with the terminal voltage of the dc voltage source.