Abstract: A liquid crystal display device wherein a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy and added with a chiral material is sealed between a pair of upper and lower substrates so as to constitute a helical structure twisted within a range between 140.degree. and 250.degree. along a direction of thickness thereof, and polarizing axes or absorption axes of a pair of polarizing plates disposed on the upper and lower substrates are angularly displaced by a predetermined angle or predetermined angles from major axes of liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the upper and lower substrates, respectively, and a ratio of thickness of the nematic liquid crystal to a natural molecular helical pitch of the nematic liquid crystal added with a chiral material falls within a range of from 0.14 to 0.60 inclusive.

Abstract: A transparent electroconductive film formed on a glass substrate by a special wettability-improving treatment of the surface portion of a SiO.sub.2 film formed on the glass substrate, followed by coating with an indium complex solution, drying, irradiation with ultraviolet light and calcination, has low sheet resistance, good film properties and high quality.