Abstract: An inclination angle measurement apparatus includes a first ultrasonic sensor (3) for sending an ultrasonic wave toward a road surface (2), second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5) each for receiving an ultrasonic wave reflected from the road surface (2), and a calculation control circuit (14) for calculating an angle of inclination of a vehicle with respect to the road surface (2) based on a phase difference between ultrasonic waves received by the second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5). Thus the inclination angle measurement apparatus can accurately measure the angle of inclination of the vehicle with respect to the road surface (2).

Abstract: An inclination angle measurement apparatus includes a first ultrasonic sensor (3) for sending an ultrasonic wave toward a reflective object (2), second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5) each for receiving an ultrasonic wave reflected from the reflective object (2), and a calculation control circuit (14) for calculating an angle of inclination of a moving object with respect to the reflective object (2) based on a phase difference between ultrasonic waves received by the second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5). Thus the inclination angle measurement apparatus can accurately measure the angle of inclination of the moving object with respect to the reflective object (2).

Abstract: An inclination angle measurement apparatus includes a first ultrasonic sensor (3) for sending an ultrasonic wave toward a road surface (2), second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5) each for receiving an ultrasonic wave reflected from the road surface (2), and a calculation control circuit (14) for calculating an angle of inclination of a vehicle with respect to the road surface (2) based on a phase difference between ultrasonic waves received by the second and third ultrasonic sensors (4 and 5). Thus the inclination angle measurement apparatus can accurately measure the angle of inclination of the vehicle with respect to the road surface (2).

Abstract: An ECU (2) of a vehicle executes under-steering control when a steering wheel is operated in the direction to increase the steering angle under an under-steering state and the yaw rate does not increase. The under-steering control is not executed under such a driven under-steering state that the vehicle is cornering while applying the engine power to the driven wheels. The under-steering control is executed only under such a condition that although the steering wheel is operated in the direction to increase the steering angle, the actual yaw rate &phgr; does not change and not follow the operation. Thus, in the vehicle, when the under-steering control for restraining the under-steering state or the over-steering control for restraining the over-steering state is executed during the cornering motion of the vehicle, the condition for executing the under-steering control or the over-steering control is adequately set.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling behavior of a vehicle has an ECU (2) which estimates behavior of a yaw rate of the vehicle using a first target yaw rate, a second target yaw rate and an actual yaw rate to control the behavior of the yaw rate. The ECU (2) completes the behavior control if a completion condition is achieved during over-steering control of the vehicle. The completion condition is any one of the following matters. The steering wheel is operated to increase the steering angle. The vehicle is running straight in a stable state. The deviation between the second target yaw rate and the actual yaw rate is stable in a region lower than a preset value. The estimative brake fluid pressure is approximately identical to the fluid pressure of the master cylinder. The slip angle is small. The absolute values of the first and second target yaw rates and the absolute value of the actual yaw rate are smaller and approximately resemble to one another.

Abstract: A light-emission controlling apparatus including an electric discharge lamp (106) which can emit light, a unit for detecting the light-emission state of the electric discharge lamp (106), such as a light-emission time integrating unit (107) for measuring the integral of the length of time that the electric discharge lamp (106) has emitted light, a comparing unit (1082) for comparing the integral of the length of time that the electric discharge lamp (106) has emitted light which is measured by the light-emission time integrating unit (107) to a reference value, and a light-emission mode selecting unit (1083) for selecting either a first light-emission mode or a second light-emission mode according to a comparison result from the comparing unit (1082) so as to cause the electric discharge lamp (106) to emit light in one light-emission mode selected.

Abstract: An inner-less electrically weldable pipe joint has a hollow cylindrical pipe joint body of a thermoplastic material and a resistance heating wire coil surrounded by the pipe joint body. The wire is partly exposed to an hollow interior of the pipe joint body and partly embedded in an inner surface of the pipe joint body. During the welding operation, the material of the welding zone of the pipe joint and the pipes being connected is readily and selectively heated by the heat from the exposed wire, there by enhancing the welding strength and shortening the welding time. Also, described are methods of producing such an inner-less electrically weldable pipe joint.

Abstract: There is provided a light-emission controlling apparatus comprising a light-emission time integrating unit (107) for measuring the integral of the length of time that an electric discharge lamp (106) has emitted light, a comparing unit (1082) for comparing the integral of the length of time that the electric discharge lamp (106) has emitted light which is measured by the light-emission time integrating unit (107) to a reference value, a light-emission mode selecting unit (1083) for selecting either a first light-emission mode or a second light-emission mode according to a comparison result from the comparing unit (1082) so as to cause the electric discharge lamp (106) to emit light in one light-emission mode selected, and a display controlling unit (1084) for transmitting information about the comparison result from the comparing unit (1082) as the information about the light-emission state of said light-emitting means, by way of a local are network (109), to a display device (500 and 501) disposed outside th

Abstract: An anti-lock controller apparatus is constituted of a single microcomputer to reduce production costs and improve safety and reliability. Signals of wheel speed sensors S.sub.1 to S.sub.4 divided into two groups by an input processing circuit and are inputted to the single microcomputer. The single microcomputer executes two-system input/output processing and checks for abnormalities of the input/output signals.

Abstract: A disk recording/reproduction device according to the present invention includes: a recording medium including a disk and a protective case for the disk; loading mechanism for guiding the recording medium from a first position outside the disk recording/reproduction device in a first direction in a linear manner, then to a second position located inside the disk recording/reproduction device, and thereafter in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to a third position, the first position allowing the recording medium to be taken out and the third position allowing information to be recorded on the recording medium; a pickup; a pickup driving mechanism for moving the pickup in parallel to a recording face of the disk; a magnetic head opposing the pickup so as to interpose the disk and moving in parallel to the disk integrally with the pickup; and head position switching mechanism for detaching the magnetic head from the disk and positioning the magnetic head in either a recordable position or

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording and reproducing apparatus for recording a recording data on a magneto-optical disk through magnetic field modulation is provided with a magnetic head device for applying a recording magnetic field corresponding to a recording signal current onto the magneto-optical disk. The magnetic head means is composed of coil support means including a hollow tubular portion, coil means provided outside the hollow tubular portion of the coil support means, magnetic head means, provided within the hollow tubular portion of the coil support means so as to be capable of freely sliding, for generating the recording magnetic field by supplying the recording signal current into the coil means, and elastic support means for supporting the magnetic head means so as to place it in a stand-by position where the magnetic head means and the magneto-optical disk do not interfere with one another by a push-up force exerted on the magnetic head means in the direction moving away from the magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: A wheel slip ratio correction apparatus is disclosed which includes a calculation unit for calculating a slip ratio of each wheel when the brakes are not applied to either a front wheel or a rear wheel of a mobile vehicle such as a motorcycle. The calculation unit calculates a difference between a front wheel slip ratio and a rear wheel slip ratio, and changes in the slip ratio difference, which occur within a predetermined time period, are monitored by detecting if the slip ratio difference is stable and is within a predetermined range for a predetermined period of time. If the slip ratio difference is stable and is within the predetermined range for the predetermined period of time, a correction value, dependent upon the slip ratio difference, is subtracted from the greater of the front wheel slip ratio and rear wheel slip ratio so that any undesirable difference between the front and rear wheel slip ratios may be eliminated.

Abstract: An estimated vehicle speed detection apparatus for motorcycles calculates an estimated vehicle speed based on a front wheel speed and a rear wheel speed and applies antilock brake control to each of front and rear wheels based on a calculated estimated vehicle speed. The apparatus includes a memory for storing the estimated vehicle speed at the time an application of antilock brake control to either the front or rear wheel is started, or an application of brakes to either the front or rear wheel starts. The apparatus further includes a calculation unit for comparing the front wheel speed and the rear wheel speed to calculate the estimated vehicle speed based on the higher of the front wheel speed or the rear wheel speed, while antilock brake control is applied to the front or rear wheel or either a front brake or a rear brake is applied. In this case, the rear wheel speed does not exceed the estimated vehicle speed previously stored in the memory.

Abstract: A brake switch abnormality detection device is provided for use in a motorcycle. The device includes brake switches for producing brake signals indicative of the respective operations of the brake switches, an estimated vehicle speed calculation, unit, a brake signal detector for detecting the presence or absence of the brake signals, a comparator for comparing the estimated vehicle speed with a first predetermined speed and a second predetermined speed which is smaller than the first predetermined speed, and an abnormality detector. The abnormality detector detects abnormalities and produces an abnormality signal when the estimated vehicle speed is reduced from the first predetermined speed to the second predetermined speed without any detection of the brake signal.

Abstract: A brake control device in an antilock brake system is disclosed for automatically adjusting a valve according to a wheel brake locking symptom to reduce a fluid pressure in a brake cylinder and eliminating symptom of brake locking. The brake control device includes a microcomputer which has a step for outputting a pressure reduction signal K required to eliminate a locking symptom, and a detector for detecting a current brake cylinder pressure. The microcomputer further has a step for correcting the pressure reduction signal K based on the current brake cylinder pressure. Thus, a corrected pressure reduction signal K is used for reducing the brake cylinder pressure.

Abstract: An antilock brake control system for a motorcycle having front and rear wheels includes detectors for detecting front and rear wheel velocities, and a calculator for calculating an estimated velocity of the motorcycle. The calculator also calculates a slippage of the front and rear wheels relatively to the estimated motorcycle velocity. The amount of slippage is corrected by a compensation amount determined by the detection of various situations such as presence and absence of antilock control applied to front or rear wheel and presence and absence of brake applied to front or rear wheel.

Abstract: An antilock control device has a calculating unit for calculating the vehicle speed from the wheel speed signals from wheel speed sensors, a processing/lock state detecting unit adapted to judge whether the wheels are showing a locking tendency or recovering from locked state on the basis of the signals from the wheel speed sensors and the calculating unit and produce a command to reduce or increase the braking pressure on the basis of the result of judgement, and a brake fluid pressure circuit operable in response to the pressure control command from the lock state detecting unit.

Abstract: A tape recorder includes: a cassette tape compartment in which a plurality of cassette tapes are detachably mounted; a capstan for coaxially mounting the plurality of cassette tapes housed in the cassette tape compartment; a roller provided for each of the cassette tapes and which can be pressed against the capstan; a playback and/or recording head provided for each of the cassette tapes; a selector for selecting the cassette tape to be driven and a separate selector for selecting one of a plurality of cassette tape drive modes; a mode position selector to be retained in the position corresponding to the mode selected by the mode selector; a controller for controlling the position of the roller provided for each of the cassette tapes according to the position of the mode position selector; and a device for electrically enabling the playback and/or recording head to operate for playback of at least one of the cassette tapes or for recording on at least one of the cassette tapes.

Abstract: An automatic cassette tape recorder stop apparatus which can drive a plurality of magnetic tapes simultaneously or individually and includes a sensor for each of the tapes; and a lock release block which receives the load applied to each sensor, rotates a trigger lever through a conversion lever, and actuates a cam gear, a lock release plate and a lock plate. The automatic stop apparatus further includes a load-receiving resilient member for each sensor which does not allow the load on the sensor to be transmitted to the trigger lever while the tape is running but allows the load to be transmitted to the trigger lever for its rotation when the tape has been wound to the end.

Abstract: A tape cassette loading device inclusive of a tape cassette holder which is slidably or rotatably stored in or drawn out of a main body of a tape cassette apparatus includes a tape cassette holder for storing at least one tape cassette and for slidably or rotatably moving the at least one tape cassette from or to a predetermined position within a holder storing member provided with the main body of the apparatus, support members slidably or swingly provided with the cassette holder and supporting members with the holder storing member, for supporting the at least one cassette, and positioning members provided, for positioning the at least one tape cassette at the predetermined position via the supporting members.